...with a grade of ________. Chairman Member Member Accepted as partial fulfillment for the degree, Bachelor of Science in Social Work. Approved by: Mrs. Teresita Caranguin Dean, SASTE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT There are always great people with great minds who in one way or the other, contribute to the completion of this simple research. As a simple way of recognizing their unending efforts, the researchers would like to express their sincerest thanks, appreciation and heartfelt gratitude to those people who are eternally indebted in the condition of this research work; Mrs. Teresita Caranguin, the very supporting Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences and Teacher Education for granting permission to conduct this study. Our instructor, who assisted the researchers to float the questionnaire in her class. Mrs Bella Patricia G Osalvo., the researchers kind and patient teacher and adviser who spared her time and effort guiding the researchers in the...
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...Chapter II Review of Related Literatures and Studies This chapter reviews recent facts taken from various reading materials that support our study on the academic performances of students in relation to their study habits. Related Literature In Dorothy E. Jhonson’s Behavioral System Model, she stated that a behavioral system encompasses the patterned, repetitive, and purposeful ways of behaving. These ways of behaving form an organized and integrated functional unit that determines and limits the interaction between the personand his or her environment and establishes the relationship of the person to the objects, events, and situations within his or her environment. Usually the behavior can be described and explained. A person as a behavioral system tries to achieve stability and balance by adjustments and adaptations that are successful to some degree for efficient and effective functioning. The system is usually flexible enough to accommodate the influences affecting it. Therefore, it is well-explained that through little efforts on modifying a student’s habits in studying, they can develop an organized pattern of behavior useful to their goal of becoming a successful student who has good academic performances. This theory clearly supports this study that study habits are relevant to academic performance. As it is said in the study of Crede and Kuncel (2008), study habit, skill, and attitude inventories and constructs were found to rival standardized tests and previous...
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...founds to be true in that study habits survey was that more than 30 years ago still rings true today-students fail because they do not know how to study. The best advice he can give is to develop sound study skills. He said that a student should make sure that he/she has a good study environment, a good desk, a sturdy chair, good light, comfortable room temperature and a quiet atmosphere. That means he/she should eliminate all external and internal distractions. Second, get a good overview of the assignment before starting the work. Know what skills, facts and ideas that are expected to master and the ground that are expected to cover. Start with most difficult subjects first, while the mind is freshest and most receptive. In his experimental study on the effect of learning, Winter stated that the first and probably the most important thing needed was to acquire the habits of studying effectively. Effective methods of study consisted basically of those fundamental principles which under laid efficiency. Doing one’s work regularly, staying at it until it was done and not getting behind in it should be the general guides for successful study as well as in any field of endeavor. It was assumed that the pupils had ability enough to cope successfully with the academic tasks. The success of the responses to the task depended in great measure to their efforts. As postulated by Credé and Kuncel (2008) in their research at the University of Albany said that Study habit, skill, and attitude...
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...Effective Study Habits and Study Skills Mean Good Grades Now Effective study habits and study skills lead to good grades. One can, also, reward students for better grades. However, never forget that making learning fun so children discover learning is fun will create the most return over the long term, as far as learning and better grades are concerned. For more information pertaining to good grades, click here. Although effective study skills and study habits result in better grades, do you know what effective study habits and study skills are? They are regular, consistent study habits that good students use every time they prepare for a test or do homework. In this section, effective study habits and study skills that help primary school students get good grades will be emphasized. Effective study habits are learned at home. Parenting means teaching our children these skills and making them habits. Study skills are so important to improving grades that some think grades really measure how well parents teach their children to study, particularly in the primary grades. The purpose of this section is to help parents teach their children effective study habits, not only to improve good grades, but to make education easier and, even, enjoyable. Despite the fact effective study habits are, largely, a discipline we instill in our children, we must always bear in mind that learning through play inspires children to learn more. So, any opportunity...
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...Related Literature as a generic expression refers to all information which has substantial bearing on the study at issue whose source/s could be quoted appropriately. * Refers to books, periodicals, magazines, newspapers, legal reports and other published materials containing facts, laws, theories and documented observations. Related studies – refers to theses, dissertations and research studies substantially characterized by the presence of the following parts: research problem, hypotheses, objectives, related literature, methodology, findings, conclusions, recommendations and bibliography. Purpose: The review of related literature is the scholarly foundation of the study. It spells out whether there is sufficient documentary basis to pursue a problem which came to the attention of the student or there is none. The review of related literature serves the following purposes: 1. Generally, it provides the formal and scholarly data proving that there is sufficient reason to pursue the problem. 2. It provides a clearer understanding of the problem of the study, the circumstances surrounding the problem, and the approaches to pursue the study. 3. It provides the needed comprehensive information of underlying theories, concepts, and principles which are essential in developing the theoretical and conceptual frameworks. 4. It is the documentary proof that the current undertaking is filling-in a research gap. 5. It is the proof that the current undertaking...
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...Literature and Study Solar power is the conversion of the energy from the sun to usable electricity. The most common source of solar power utilizes photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into electricity. Photovoltaics utilize a semi-conductor to absorb the radiation from the sun, when the semi-conductor absorbs this radiation it emits electrons, which are harnessed as electricity. It is a resource that is not only sustainable for energy consumption, it is indefinitely renewable. Solar power can be used in relatively simple technology to heat water. The use of skylights in home construction can also greatly reduce energy expenditure required to light rooms in a home’s interior during the day. In France, Cédric Philibert created a case study that reviews past and current experience in international collaboration in the field of concentrating solar technologies in order to identify lessons that may be relevant for more general climate-friendly technology collaboration. It presents concentrating solar technologies in their current status, recent achievements and development prospects. It analyses the present successes and failures of different forms of international collaboration in this field, and draws lessons for further elaboration of international technology collaboration in addressing climate change. Meanwhile, according to a scientific literature review conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and published in the journal BioScience, more peer-reviewed scientific studies of the...
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...polices are ill-defined and in consistently applied. Facts: 1. 1995 Employment of relatives rule in included in General Operational Manual – Not all employee have access to it. Use of word “antinepotism” term used in this manual. 2. In 1998 employee hand book is published using “antinepotism” language. 3. 01/05/1999 Keith W. Walton applies for employment and declares that he had no relatives working in the company. He did not know of his uncle being hired at that time. 4. 04/30/1999 Keith W. Walton is hired as a helper 5. 2003 Employment of Relatives policy is inserted in employee handbook. 6. 10/2006 Confused supervisor tells employee not to worry after learning that he had a relative at work after he asked whether he was related by blood or marriage. 7. 11/02/2006 Termination of Keith Walton 8. Company has a well established and consistently enforced with past precedent examples of their “employment of relatives” policy which prohibits the hiring of relatives since 1995 9. Language of such a rule, use the word “may” (be discharged) as opposed to “shall” be discharged. Is in the handbook. Company’s Position. 1. Union is trying to obtain through arbitration what they fail to obtain during negotiations the repealing or change in interpretation of the policy relating to the employment of relatives. 2. Company argues long standing, consistent enforcement and well know antinepotism policy. 3. Company argues that language of the employee handbook “May” vs...
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...Chapter II Review of Related Literature This chapter includes foreign literatures and foreign studies taken from the internet, other unpublished thesis, and studies conducted by other research groups. This chapter also includes local literatures, taken from local published books and materials, and local studies, taken from research works and studies related to the subject matter. Related foreign and local literature and studies that dealt with theories, principles, concepts, approaches and techniques are reviewed which contributed a lot towards the enrichment of knowledge, deeper understanding and insight of the researchers. Foreign Literature One of the more significant economic statistics to be released of late concerns labor productivity. This is an interesting topic and widely non-understood concept -- very few people understand either what it is or why it really matters. Simply stated, labor productivity measures the amount (or value) of output generated per hour worked. Why does it matter? Greater labor productivity enables firms to produce a given amount of goods or services with a smaller number of labor hours. And, since payroll cost is related to the number of hours they use, this helps firms control their costs, making their enterprises more profitable. Wages are not the correct measure the cost of labor to a firm. In economics, it doesn’t just focus on the costs of an activity, such as wages here. It looks at both costs and benefits and...
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...Influence of Family Relation to the Study Habits of College students DIRECTIONS: Put a CHECK on the corresponding answer | ALWAYS | SOMETIMES | NEVER | 1. Whenever we have a family conflict, I can’t focus in my studies. | | | | 2. Whenever my parents argue, I can’t study well. | | | | 3. Whenever my other siblings and I have misunderstandings, I get destructed in my studies. | | | | 4. When we have a monetary hardship, I feel like I don’t want to study anymore. | | | | 5. Whenever my little brother wants to play with me, I can’t do my homework. | | | | 6. Whenever my other siblings ask me to do household chores, I don’t have enough time to study my lesson. | | | | 7. When my little brother asked me to tutor him/her, I can’t review my previous lesson. | | | | 8. Whenever my parents go out and leave my other siblings with me, I study for my quiz. | | | | 9. Whenever my sister asked me to go with her, I can’t finish my homework. | | | | 10. Whenever my father and I had misunderstandings, I can’t focus well on my studies. | | | | 11. When one of my grandparents had a sick, I can’t concentrate in my studies. | | | | 12. Whenever my parents had a loud conversation, I can’t review my lesson. | | | | 13. When my parents decide to separate, I feel like that I don’t want to continue my study. | | | | 14. Whenever my little sister asked me to do her research, I can’t do...
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...The first Study Habits Inventory (SHI) was prepared in 1933 by Wrenn, with a view to survey this feature among students. In 1935 research workers interested in the improvement of study habits, they paid attention to the discovery of effective study techniques and tried to improve study skills and habits of work through ‘how to study’ courses and other systematic procedures. Cuff (1937) carefully derived study-habits inventory and found that it aids in finding the pupils in need of special guidance and helps to identify remedial work for the good and bad study habits of individual cases. Brown and Holtzman (1955) constructed a questionnaire to survey students ‘study habits', as well as their attitudes and motivation towards academic work. Items were compiled from group interviews with good and poor students, existing inventories on study habits, studies using observational and interview techniques and reports on related experiments in the field of learning. Scoring keys based on validity studies in ten colleges were developed. Study habits basically consist of effective methods of study (Sorenson, 1954). Study is the total of all the habits, determined purposes and enforced practices that the individual uses in order to learn. Study is hard work, no easy substitute is available (Armstrong, 1956), Brown and Holtzman (1956) and Srivastava (1967) point out that for good academic success, good study habits and attitudes are important. Some reports stress that certain personality characteristics...
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...Local Related Study in Study Habits Related Studies Foreign On Study Habits The first Study Habits Inventory (SRI) was prepared in 1933 by Wrenn, with a view to survey this feature among students. In 1935 research workers interested in the improvement of study habits, they paid attention to the discovery of effective study techniques and tried to improve study skills and habits of work through ‘how to study’ courses and other systematic procedures. Cuff (1937) carefully derived study-habits inventory and found that it aids in finding the pupils in need of special guidance and helps to identify remedial work for the good and bad study habits of individual cases. Brown and Holtzman (1955) constructed a questionnaire to survey students ‘study habits', as well as their attitudes and motivation towards academic work. Items were compiled from group interviews with good and poor students, existing inventories on study habits, studies using observational and interview techniques and reports on related experiments in the field of learning. Scoring keys based on validity studies in ten colleges were developed. Study habits basically consist of effective methods of study (Sorenson, 1954). Study is the total of all the habits, determined purposes and enforced practices that the individual uses in order to learn. Study is hard work, no easy substitute is available (Armstrong, 1956), Brown and Holtzman (1956) and Srivastava (1967) point out that for good academic success, good study...
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...Related Studies Foreign On Study Habits The first Study Habits Inventory (SRI) was prepared in 1933 by Wrenn, with a view to survey this feature among students. In 1935 research workers interested in the improvement of study habits, they paid attention to the discovery of effective study techniques and tried to improve study skills and habits of work through ‘how to study’ courses and other systematic procedures. Cuff (1937) carefully derived study-habits inventory and found that it aids in finding the pupils in need of special guidance and helps to identify remedial work for the good and bad study habits of individual cases. Brown and Holtzman (1955) constructed a questionnaire to survey students ‘study habits', as well as their attitudes and motivation towards academic work. Items were compiled from group interviews with good and poor students, existing inventories on study habits, studies using observational and interview techniques and reports on related experiments in the field of learning. Scoring keys based on validity studies in ten colleges were developed. Study habits basically consist of effective methods of study (Sorenson, 1954). Study is the total of all the habits, determined purposes and enforced practices that the individual uses in order to learn. Study is hard work, no easy substitute is available (Armstrong, 1956), Brown and Holtzman (1956) and Srivastava (1967) point out that for good academic success, good study habits and attitudes are important....
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...Review of the Related Literature and Studies A researcher needs to review the write-ups, readings, and studies related to the present study in order to determine the similarities and differences of the findings between the past and present studies Related Literature * Literature maybe defined as written works collectively, especially those enduring importance, exhibiting creative imagination and artist skill which are written in a particular period, language, and subject. * In other words, any written matter such as book, journal, magazine, novel, poetry, and encyclopedia are considered as literature. Guidelines on Effective writing of Literature 1. Research paper must be written in a formal style, which is in the third person, not the first person. 2. Avoid highly descriptive writing style, not appropriate for a scholarly research. 3. Language should be neutral gender, no sexy language like his. 4. Make the conclusion and contradictions found in the literature clear in the report. 5. Use proper grammar and proofread the work. 6. Never plagiarized, give credit to the original author of ideas. 7. Pay attention to the structure and form of published articles, which are good examples of how literature reviews can be written. Example 1. Peters (1993) claims that job-related stress can enhance productivity up to a certain point. There is, however, a threshold point beyond which stress becomes a harmful factor in one’s productivity. On...
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...CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter presents the summary of related literature and studies that were gathered by the researchers from different references like the Internet, books and unpublished theses that were really a big help in relating this study. The gathered related information served as a starting point in evaluating and understanding the whole study. The following chapter shall review the current literature on energy related consumer behavior and attitudes to sustainable consumption. This section of the research also reviews the trends of previous research conducted on domestic energy use. The chapter shall finally delve into some of the instruments used to affect energy efficient consumer behavior, as well as the effectiveness of one or a set of instruments. Related Literature Saving energy is one of the most fundamental things we can do as student of Bicol University to save money and help balance our budget. "This is an opportunity to cut expenses without affecting services; I encourage everyone to make energy conservation part of our daily routine", (President Curt Tompkins), [1]. The energy is conserved by the “law of conservation of energy”. It states that energy can be neither created nor be destroyed. Energy is a finite resource. The materials we derive energy from (oil, coal, electricity, etc.) can also harm the environment. By conserving energy you help to save parts of the environment. There are many ways to conserve...
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...Chapter II Review of Related Literatures and Studies This chapter presents the related literature and studies that is relevant and significant to the current studies. This presents a survey of related literature and studies which is reviewed by the researchers to be understood and help the researchers to gather more information. Analysis of Students’ Performance in Junior Secondary School Mathematics Examination in Bayelsa State of Nigeria The finding of this study showed that students’ performance in 2006 JSS Mathematics test was high. Comparing the hypothetical pass mark of 20.00 with the students’ mean score of 28.59 this indicated that the students performed very well. This result is in agreement with Linn (1965), Anderson (1942) and Akpan (1989) who reported that if an examiner has a favourable attitude towards a particular subject, then this will reflect in his performance in that subject. This is to say that since mathematics has been made compulsory and a pre-requisite for admission into the senior secondary, hence the students have developed a favourable attitude towards the subject resulting in their high performance. On whether performance is influenced by sex, the result showed that male students obtained higher mean score than the females with the calculated t-value significant. This result is in line with those of Fememe and Sherman (1977), Grambs (1972), Comber and Keeves (1973), Tyler (1961), Fin et al. (1979) and Maccoby and Jacklin (1975) who all...
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