...The Harlem Renaissance was more than a period of blues, jazz, and poetry celebrated by African American in New York during the 1920s through to the 1930s; it was a time of political and social protest. There were many talented artists, musicians, scholars, and writers during this time; but the things they drew, wrote, criticize, and the music they played were more than pretty, popular, or entertaining. All of these forms of expression had deeper meaning and the artists often try to explore unique themes related to cultural heritage or current disenfranchisement. “In the early 1900s, the burgeoning African-American middle class began pushing a new political agenda that advocated racial equality. The epicenter of this movement was in New York, where three of the largest civil rights groups established their headquarters” (Biography 3). Together, these groups were not only able to establish a sense of community and empowerment for African Americans in New York and around the country as well. African American intellectuals were beginning to realize that they needed to bond together if they wanted dreams to become a reality. In order to do this, they began organizing and thinking up all the social and political issues to tackle. They would also figure out who or where they need to go to solve these problems. The Harlem Renaissance brought many intelligent and artistic people together giving them the opportunity to help one another find opportunity and an identity. In the article...
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...Art and Society: Renaissance to Modern Art Paper Assignment I Analysis of the Museum’s Painting The museum’s painting (Attributed to Quentin Massys, Lamentation, c. 1520) depicted a scene in which several grieving people were gathered around Christ after his crucifixion. The thing that stands out about this painting is that Christ is not adorned in fine clothing, nor does he even appear divine in any way. The surrounding people do not appear to be priests or divine, but are normal, plainly garbed, people. Upon moving my attention to other areas of the painting, I noticed the detailed landscape upon which this scene was set. The museum’s painting can be recognized as a northern painting, even without prior knowledge of the artist who painted it. Two distinct features in this painting are strongly indicative of a northern painting. One of these said features is the landscape setting. Northern works of art deal strongly with naturalism. The second indication that this may be a northern painting has to do with the people gathered around Christ. It is easy to tell that these individuals are merely common folk. A southern painting would most likely feature angels or clergymen gathered around Christ, but within paintings from the north was the concept of humanism. In lamens terms, humanism is merely a system of thought in which human beings are of utmost importance as opposed to the divine or supernatural. In summation, both styles of this painting, naturalism and humanism, are...
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...one short of a majority, while Hayes' 165 electoral votes left him 20 ballots away. The votes of three Southern states and one western state still had not been counted. The 20 electoral votes remaining in dispute were one from Oregon and 19 from the three Southern states that still retained Republican-controlled electoral boards -- Florida (4), Louisiana (8), and South Carolina (7). What complicated the matter was that Democrats in these states had won the state elections, mostly by violence and fraud. Both parties claimed victory. Spanish-American war As wave after wave of racial fury inundated the South at the end of the nineteenth century, a flicker of hope suddenly seemed to appear. America declared war on Spain in 1898, and black soldiers were needed to fight for their country. Out of America's 25,000-man standing army, 2,500 were experienced black veterans. For over twenty years, they had been fighting America's Indian wars on the deserts and plains of the West. The Cheyenne called them "Buffalo Soldiers" for their courage in battle and their rough, shaggy appearance. Wilmington Riots In 1898, Wilmington, North Carolina, located in eastern Carolina, where the Cape Fear River enters into the Atlantic Ocean, was a prosperous port town. Almost two-thirds of its population was black, with a small but significant middle class. Black businessmen dominated the restaurant and barbershop trade and owned tailor shops and drug stores. Many black people held jobs as firemen, policemen...
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...for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples. “African American’s Journey to Freedom” Charity Johnson HIS204: American History since 1865 Instructor: Leslie Ruff February 11, 2013 “African American’s Journey to Freedom” To some African Americans it may seem ironic that The United States of America is known as “the land of the free” considering that majority of their ancestors entered the US as slaves. African Americans were brought to North America via the middle passage which originated during the fifteenth century. They were enslaved for approximately 400 hundred years until the end of the Civil War in 1865. Although African Americans were enslaved in America, they were determine to survive and one day be freed in this great country. During The African American’s journey to freedom several significant events took place which was inclusive of but not limited to: The Civil Rights Movement of 1865-1877, Separate but Equal Legislation (Plessy vs. Ferguson court case) in 1896, The Harlem Renaissance of 1920, Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954, The March on Washington Movement of 1963, and The Black Power Movement of the late 1960s and 1970. I will discuss the significance of these events in relation to the African American journey to freedom and how they have help shape American society today. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT OF 1865-1877 Frequently when one hears of the Civil Rights Movement we automatically think of the Civil Rights events that had taken place in the...
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...perfect ideas (i.e., built stuff), the outcome, in the material world, must be imperfect. [Socrates taught of metaphysics, the study of what is real versus what we think is real but isn’t.] Aristotle (384 B.C.E. – 322 B.C.E.) – Greek philosopher and mathematician and a student of Plato. Credited when the early teaching of the scientific method (questioning, predicting outcomes, classifying/ organizing data, drawing conclusions founded in logic). Aristotle taught of the Universe existing in two realms. The Terrestrial Realm consisted of all material objects. All material objects, or matter, were made of combinations of the four elements (earth, air, fire, and water). Matter was classified by common physical properties (density, hot vs. cold, wet vs. dry). Comets were thought to be atmospheric phenomena, and part of the Terrestrial Realm (changes in the tail of a comet can be observed). The Celestial Realm consisted of everything in the heavens – stars, planets, etc. – and the fifth element, the “luminiferous aether.” The fifth element, according to Aristotle, was a transparent, solid but flowing, mysterious substance responsible for holding up the objects in the Celestial Realm and keeping them rotating around a central earth. Claudius Ptolemy (90 C.E....
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...The (un)Official United States History Cram Packet This is not intended as a substitute for regular study ……. But it is a powerful tool for review. 1494: Treaty of Tordesillas – divides world between Portugal and Spain 1497: John Cabot lands in North America. 1513: Ponce de Leon claims Florida for Spain. 1524: Verrazano explores North American Coast. 1539-1542: Hernando de Soto explores the Mississippi River Valley. 1540-1542: Coronado explores what will be the Southwestern United States. 1565: Spanish found the city of St. Augustine in Florida. 1579: Sir Francis Drake explores the coast of California. 1584 – 1587: Roanoke – the lost colony 1607: British establish Jamestown Colony – bad land, malaria, rich men, no gold - Headright System – land for population – people spread out 1608: French establish colony at Quebec. 1609: United Provinces establish claims in North America. 1614: Tobacco cultivation introduced in Virginia. – by Rolfe 1619: First African slaves brought to British America. 15. Virginia begins representative assembly – House of Burgesses 1620: Plymouth Colony is founded. - Mayflower Compact signed – agreed rule by majority • 1624 – New York founded by Dutch 1629: Mass. Bay founded – “City Upon a Hill” - Gov. Winthrop - Bi-cameral legislature, schools 1630: The Puritan Migration 1632: Maryland – for profit – proprietorship 1634 – Roger Williams banished from Mass. Bay Colony 1635:...
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...Classical conditioning shapes many of society's common, everyday tasks. Whether we know it or not, many actions we do numerous times a day are a direct result of classical conditioning. To better understand why we act the way we do in society, classical conditioning must be defined and described. Classical conditioning is defined as: a process by which a previously neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to elicit a response through association with a stimulus that already elicits a similar or related response. Discovered by Ivan Pavlov, classical conditioning is a form of learning. Pavlov revealed this trait when experimenting with dog's amounts of saliva in response to meat. He started noticing that after many repetitions, the dogs were salivating before the meat was even introduced. Pavlov concluded that some other stimulus that was repetitively associated with the meat was triggering the salivation. This simple concept describes how many actions are carried out in society today. Many times classical conditioning is not something that is purposefully done, but rather an incidental outcome. Conditioning may take a variable amount of time to occur. For example, humans are not born associating red with stop. As we grow, and ride in cars, we begin to consciously or subconsciously figure out that when a stoplight is red-you stop. Stop signs are red, stoplights are red, and brake lights are red. All of these things symbolize stopping. Yes, when you turn sixteen and you get your...
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...Exam 2: Introduction to African American Studies Short Answer Questions: Be sure to respond to both parts of the question. (4 points each/100 points total) 1. Name the leader of Black America’s Accommodationist camp during the early twentieth century. Give an example of his “accommodationist” views. Booker T. Washington. Washington felt the best way for Black people in the South to get ahead was to stay with the same skills they had practiced under slavery, namely farming and vocational trades. “In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.” In this line, he indicates that Blacks and Whites can work together with the latter feeling no threat to the system of segregation in the South. 2. Who was considered the leader of Black America’s Radical camp? Give an example of his radical views. W.E.B. Du Bois. He is associated with the concept of “The Talented Tenth,” which is a reference to the top ten percent of Black Americans who Du Bois felt should lead the way in creating opportunities to advance the lives of all Black people. He also felt that Blacks should have the same rights that any White person had. 3. Who were considered the “Talented Tenth”? Name a specific person who fell into this group. A reference to the top ten percent of Black Americans who Du Bois felt should lead the way in creating opportunities to advance the lives of all Black people....
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...Nationalism helped to unify Germany while ethnic groups in Austria-Hungary tore that area apart. In 1861, Bismarck takes control . There were over 300 German states, including Austria and Prussia. After the Congress of Vienna, there were only 39 states. The smaller number of German states encouraged nationalism among them. Wilhelm wanted more military but the bund (parliament) refused. He then names Junker, Otto Von Bismarck chancellor. Otto Von Bismarck used realpolitik, realism not idealism. Had policy of blood and iron. 3 wars united Germany, Denmark, Seven weeks war, Franco-Prussian war. Austro-Prussian war was vs denmark. Prussia took schleswig and austria took Holstein. Austro-Prussian war, prussia claimed that austria was mistreating germans in holstein, which led to a war between the 2, and prussia had a much stronger military. Prussia won holstein, and started german nationalism in the process. The third war, the franco-prussian war- most of the protestant states were unified, but southern catholic states remained with austria or independent. They needed to unite these remaining countries, they did this by having Bismarck reword the Ems Telegram in a way that provoked the french to start a war. France declared war and promptly lost. Then alsace-lorraine; southern german states enter united...
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...LITERATURE • Palaeolithic nomads from mainland Europe; • New inhabitants came from western and possibly north-western Europe (New Stone Age); • in the 2nd millennium BC new inhabitants came from the Low Countries and the middle Rhine (Stonehenge); • Between 800 and 200 BC Celtic peoples moved into Britain from mainland Europe (Iron Age) • first experience of a literate civilisation in 55 B.C. • remoter areas in Scotland retained independence • Ireland, never conquered by Rome, Celtic tradition • The language of the pre-Roman settlers - British (Welsh, Breton); Cornish; Irish and Scottish Gaelic (Celtic dialect) • The Romans up to the fifth century • Britain - a province of the Roman Empire 400 years • the first half of the 5th century the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (N Germany, Jutland) • The initial wave of migration - 449 A. D. • the Venerable Bede (c. 673-735) • the Britain of his time comprised four nations English, British (Welsh), Picts, and Scots. • invaders resembling those of the Germans as described by Tacitus in his Germania. • a warrior race • the chieftain, the companions or comitatus. • the Celtic languages were supplanted (e.g. ass, bannock, crag). * Christianity spread from two different directions: * In the 5th century St Patrick converted Ireland, in the 7th century the north of England was converted by Irish monks; * in the south at the end of the 6th century Aethelberht of Kent allowed the monk Augustine and his helpers, who...
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...Marriott International Vs Hilton Worldwide As an employee of Marriott International, this assignment gives us the opportunity, to compare the company I work for to our competitor Hilton Worldwide. Both companies are the largest ever in the hospitality industry around the world, and both are growing faster than ever. Company’s history The Marriott was founded in 1927. All began with an A&W root beer stand a family owned business in Washington, D.C. Founder J.Willard and his wife Alice, got their young business by quenching people’s thirst during Washington DC‘s hot, muggy summers. Then The Marriotts add hot food items to their menu and the name “Hot Shoppes was born (International, 2014). Today, with his headquarter based in Bethesda, Md., Marriott operates more than 4,087 properties in over 80 countries and territories around the world, over 697,000 rooms under 16 brands including Courtyard, Renaissance and Ritz-Carlton; more than 800 new Marriott-operated properties are in the works worldwide. Founded by J. Willard Marriott, the company is now led by President and Chief Executive Officer Arne Sorenson and J. Willard Marriott's son, J. W. Marriott, Jr. is the Executive Chairman. 19 1111119 Hilton International began around 1919, when Conrad Hilton bought The Mobley, a hotel in Cisco, Texas. Mr. Hilton had greater ambitions, over the next few years; he added other Texas hotels in his assets. In 1943, with the purchase of the Roosevelt and Plaza hotels in New York City...
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...enrik An Introduction on Henrik Ibsen Henrik Ibsen is one of the world's greatest dramatists. He was the leading figure of an artistic renaissance that took place in Norway around the end of the nineteenth century. Ibsen lived from 1828 ,in the little Norwegian village of Skien, to 1906. He grew up in poverty, studied medicine for a while, and then abandoned that to write plays. He had early attempts at dramatic composition. His spare hours were spent in preparation for entrance to Christiania University. About 1851 Ibsen was given the position of "theater poet" at the newly built National Theater in Bergen, a post which he held for six years. In 1857 he became director of the Norwegian Theater in Christiania; In 1858, he published his first play, The Vikings at Helgeland, Brand and Peer Gynt which were long, historical verse plays. And in 1862, with Love's Comedy, became known in his own country as a playwright of promise. Seven years later, in the starting of 1869, he began to write prose plays, giving up the verse form. Some critics characterize this switch as an abandonment of poetry in favor of realism. In the same year, discouraged with the reception given to his work and out of sympathy with the social and intellectual ideals of his country, he left Norway, not to return for a period of nearly thirty years. He established himself first at Rome, later in Munich. In 1877, Ibsen began what would become a series of five plays in which he examines the moral faults of modern...
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...Types of Word Formation Processes Compounding Compounding forms a word out of two or more root morphemes. The words are called compounds or compound words. In Linguistics, compounds can be either native or borrowed. Native English roots are typically free morphemes, so that means native compounds are made out of independent words that can occur by themselves. Examples: mailman (composed of free root mail and free root man) mail carrier dog house fireplace fireplug (a regional word for 'fire hydrant') fire hydrant dry run pick-up truck talking-to In Greek and Latin, in contrast to English, roots do not typically stand alone. So compounds are composed of bound roots. Compounds formed in English from borrowed Latin and Greek morphemes preserve this characteristic. Examples include photograph, iatrogenic, and many thousands of other classical words. Note that compounds are written in various ways in English: with a space between the elements; with a hyphen between the elements; or simply with the two roots run together with no separation. The way the word is written does not affect its status as a compound. Over time, the convention for writing compounds can change, usually in the direction from separate words (e.g. clock work), to hyphenated words (clock-work), to one word with no break (clockwork). If you read older literature you might see some compound words that are now written as one word appearing with unfamiliar spaces or hyphens between the components Another...
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...AP EUROPEAN HISTORY NOTES- Filled with silliness and inside jokes, enjoy at your leisure :) If something is in [] brackets, it is only written in there for our pleasure, ignore it if you are looking for actual information. Key: • 7: The Renaissance and Reformation- 1350-1600 UMSUniversal o Georgio Vasari- Rinascita=rebirth (like Renaissance) painter/architect Male Suffrage o Individualism: People sought to receive personal credit for achievements, unlike medieval ideal of “all glory goes to god” Names Ideas o Renaissance: Began in Italian city-states, a cause de invention of the printing press, laid way for Protestant Reformation Events Books/Texts Italy: City states, under HRE (Holy Roman Empire) o For alliances: old nobility vs. wealthy merchants FIGHT P-Prussia Popolo: third class, “the people”, wanted own share of wealth/power R-Russia A-Austria Ciompi Revolts: 1378 Florence, Popolo were revolting [eew], brief period of control over government B-Britain Milan taken over by signor (which is a tyrant) • o Under control of the Condottiero (mercenary) Sforza- Significant because after this, a few wealthy families dominated Venice (e.g. Medici) Humanism: Francesco Petrarch (Sonnets), came up with term “Dark Ages”, began to study classical world of rhetoric and literature Cicero: Important Roman, provided account of collapse of Roman Republic [like Edward Gibbon], invented Ciceronian style: Latin style of writing...
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...2013 AnnuAl RepoRt Find Your WorldSM ONLINE. TOuR OuR INTERACTIvE ANNuAL REpORT AT MARRIOTT.COM/INvESTOR. MARRIOTT INTERNATIONAL , INC. A MESSAGE FROM OuR EXECuTIvE CHAIRMAN J.W. Marriott, Jr. Executive Chairman and Chairman of the Board There are so many ways to Find Your World at Marriott International. Our more than 3,900 hotels in more than 70 countries provide the stage for you to close that important business deal, take your loved ones on a beach vacation, or explore new destinations on a journey of personal discovery. For our guests and approximately 325,000 associates at headquarters and our managed and franchised hotels, we are working hard to help you meet your goals, whether it’s creating lasting memories or building on life’s successes. I am so proud of our company. Something I’ve noticed even more in my role as Executive Chairman is that Marriott’s history and culture are the foundation for our future. Our stakeholders recognize this, too. I am confident we’ll continue our success and come even closer to realizing our vision of being the best lodging company in the world. In 2013, our strategy delivered great results. We grew our portfolio, and had more hotels in the pipeline than any time in Marriott’s history. Our leadership teams created new opportunities for growth across the globe, from opening one of every five new rooms in the u.S. and setting us up for growth in Africa, to accelerating our growth in Asia and creating and launching...
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