...Biak-na-Bato Republic Biak-na-Bato Republic is one of the forms of de facto government that were established in the Philippines during the Spanish period. The Biak-na-Bato Republic was founded by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo on the 1st of November in the year 1897. The republic only takes effect for two years. However, the Republic of Biak-na-Bato declared the separation of the Philippine Islands from the mother country Spain. Emilio Aguinaldo established his headquarters in Biak-na-Bato in Bulacan province. The news immediately spread throughout the country, and the revolutionaries were once more in high spirits. General llanera, who was in Nueva Ecija, declared his support for Aguinaldo. In July 1897, Aguinaldo established the Biak-na-Bato Republic and issued a proclamation stating the following demands: ▪ Expulsion of the friars and the return of the friar lands to the Filipinos ▪ Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish Cortes ▪ Freedom of the press and of religion ▪ Abolition of the government’s power to banish Filipinos ▪ Equality for all before the law. A charter based on the Cuban Constitution was also drafted by Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho. It was signed on November 1, 1897. The Biak-na-Bato Constitution provided for the establishment of a Supreme council that would serve as the highest governing body of the Republic. It also outlined certain basic human rights, such as freedom of religion, freedom of the press, and the right to education. Emilio...
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...Philippine Constitutions (Concise) In: Other Topics Philippine Constitutions (Concise) The Biak-na-Bato Constitution General Emilio Aguinaldo Established the Biak-na-Bato Republic on July 1897 and issued a proclamation stating the following demands: * Expulsion of the friars and the return of the friar lands to the Filipinos. * Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish Cortes. * Freedom of the press and religion. * Abolition of the government’s power to banish Filipinos. * Equality for all before the law. A charter was then drafted based on the Cuban Constitution by Alex Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho. It was ratified on November 15, 1897. The Biak-na-Bato Constitution provided for the establishment of a Supreme Council that would serve as the highest governing body of the Republic. Preamble: “The separation of the Philippines from the Spanish monarchy and their formation into an independent state with its own government called the Philippine Republic has been the end sought by the Revolution in the existing war, begun on the 24th of August, 1896; and therefore, in its name and by the power delegated by the Filipino people, interpreting faithfully...
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...The Biak-na-Bato Constitution General Emilio Aguinaldo Established the Biak-na-Bato Republic on July 1897 and issued a proclamation stating the following demands: * Expulsion of the friars and the return of the friar lands to the Filipinos. * Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish Cortes. * Freedom of the press and religion. * Abolition of the government’s power to banish Filipinos. * Equality for all before the law. A charter was then drafted based on the Cuban Constitution by Alex Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho. It was ratified on November 15, 1897. The Biak-na-Bato Constitution provided for the establishment of a Supreme Council that would serve as the highest governing body of the Republic. Preamble: “The separation of the Philippines from the Spanish monarchy and their formation into an independent state with its own government called the Philippine Republic has been the end sought by the Revolution in the existing war, begun on the 24th of August, 1896; and therefore, in its name and by the power delegated by the Filipino people, interpreting faithfully their desires and ambitions, we, the representatives of the Revolution, in a meeting at Biac-na-bato, Nov. 1st 1897, unanimously adopt the following articles for the Constitution of the State.” “In Biac-na-Bató...
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...House of the Philippines PHILIPPINES 101 History of the Philippines Through the centuries… • 750,000-500,000 years ago: Flake tools 750,000found in Solana, Cagayan • 50,000-10,000 BC: Cutting tools found in 50,000the Tabon Caves in Quezon, Palawan • 24,000-22,000 BC: Fossil remains of 24,000“Tabon Man” in Tabon Caves • 6th to 10th century: Complex society exists in Negros Oriental. • AD 900: Chinese porcelain and stoneware found in Masbate. • AD 990: Wooden boat found in Butuan City. • 10th to 12th century: Metal works of iron, bronze, lead and gold. • 13th century: Muslim settlement in Sulu • 14th century: Artifacts from China, Vietnam and Thailand found in Palawan shipwrecks. • 15th century: Muslim Malays from Sumatra in Sulu led by Rajah Baguinda Magellan’s Journey • August 10, 1519 – Leaves Spain with 235 men and 5 ships. • March 16, 1521 – Arrives in Samar with three ships. • March 28 – Goes to Limasawa island, ruled by Rajah Kolambu and Rajah Siagu. Makes blood pact with Kolambu. • March 31: Catholic Mass celebrated on Easter Sunday, islands claimed for the King of Spain. • April 7: Goes to Cebu, makes blood pact with Rajah Humabon. • April 26: Zula, chief from Mactan, arrives seeking help against chief Lapu-Lapu. Lapu- • April 27: Goes to Mactan with soldiers and native allies to fight Lapu-Lapu. He is Lapukilled. • May 1: Rajah Humabon attacks the Spanish and forces them to leave. • September...
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... Josephine Bracken – wife of Jose Rizal installed a field hospital in an estate in Tejeros that provided nursing care to the wounded night and day. 2. Rose Sevilla de Alvaro – converted their house into quanters for Filipino soldiers during the Phil-American War in 1899. 3. Hilaria de Aguinaldo –wife of Emlio Aginaldo organized the Filipino Red Cross. 4. Melchora Aquino – (Tandang Sora) nursed the wounded Filipino soldiers, gave them shelter and food. 5. Captain Salomen – a revolutionary leader in Nueva Ecija provided nursing care to the wounded when not in combat. 6. Agueda Kahabagan – revolutionary leader in Laguna also provided nursing services to her troops. 7. Trinidad Tecson (Ina ng Biak na Bato) – stayed in the hospital at...
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...Chapter 8: Founding of the Katipunan I. The Founding of the Katipunan The groups of patriots were divided into two faction: the LOS COMPROMISARIOS (those who are conservative members of the La Liga Filipina and still willing to demand reforms and compromise with the Spanish government) and the SEPARATIST (patriots who wanted to launch an armed rebellion to achieve independence from the colonizers) La Liga Filipina was founded on 3 July 1892 at Tondo, it was founded by Rizal himself but the organization was short-lived due to Rizal’s arrest and exile to Dapitan. On 7 July 1891, the Katipunan was founded on Azcarraga St. (C.M. Recto) in the house of Deodato Arellano Founders of KKK were: § Andres Bonifacio § Teodoro Plata § Ladislao Diwa Main Objectives of the Organization: § Struggle for Separation § Abolition of Spanish Rule - - - II. Political Structure of the Katipunan 1. Supreme Council a. Kataas-taasang Sanggunian b. Composed of the Supremo, Fiscal, Secretary and the Treasurer 2. Provincial Council a. Sangguniang Bayan located in different provinces 3. Popular Council a. Sangguniang Balangay b. Located in various towns 4. Judicial Council a. Sangguniang Hukuman b. Held judicial functions c. Decide on cases of violations d. In charged of settling disputes among members III. The Supremos 1. Deodato Arellano (1892) 2. Roman Basa (1893) 3. Andres Bonifacio (1895) IV. Membership • • • Triangle System Include initiation rites similar to Masonry and sanduguan Grades...
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...The Spaniards integrated into the Filipino society their religion , language, customs, arts and sciences. ➢ bahay na bato ( bahay na mestiza) . ➢ Reduccion - resettlement of the inhabitants in Spanish –style poblaciones –or at least- bajo de las campanas. SOCIAL CLASSES ▪ Españoles – with both Spanish parents ▪ Españoles peninsulares – born in the Spanish peninsula ▪ Españoles insulares or Filipinos – born in the colony ▪ Mestizos de sangley – Chinese mestizos ▪ Mestizos de español – Spanish mestizos ▪ Indios or indios naturales – natives without Spanish or chinese ancestry. Religious orders that arrived in the Philippines: Augustinians, Dominicans, Franciscans, and Jesuits. • Fray Domingo de Salazar (Order of Preacher) – first Bishop of Manila. • Fray Ignacio de Santibañez ( Franciscan) – first Archbishop of Manila. Tomas Pinpin – first Filipino printer Wrote the first published Tagalog book titled : Librong Pag-aralan nang manga Tagalog nang uicang Castilla ( Book that the Tagalogs Should Study to Learn Spanish) for the benefit of unlettered Filipinos in the Spanish language. ➢ In 1582 , Archbishop Domingo Salazar ordered that every town was to have one school for boys and one for girls. ➢ Subjects taught: catechism, reading and writing in dialect, music, the rudiments of aritchmetic , and trades and industries. ➢ College of Manila > College of San Ignacio > University of San Ignacio...
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...REGION II is composed of five provinces: - CAGAYAN Capital: Tuguegarao City - ISABELA Capital: Ilagan - BATANES Capital: Basco - NUEVA VIZCAYA Capital: Bayombong - QUIRINO Capital: Cabbaroguis CAGAYAN Cagayan Provincial Museum - An extensive collection of artifacts of the province and fossils of prehistoric animals. MIRACULOUS LADY OF PIAT A four centuries-old image of Mary broughtfrom Macao by DominicanFriars. The Basilica Minore is a declared National Shrine and a world-renowned pilgrimage spot. SAN JACINTO DE POLONIA PARISH, Camalaniugan -The church contains the oldest bell in the Far East, forged in 1595. ST. HYACINTH CHURCH, Tuguegarao Features an elevated chapel, its construction dates back to 1604. ST. PETER AND PAUL'S CATHEDRAL, Tuguegarao Built in 1767, the church has been restored after suffering massive damage in World War 2. ISABELA AGUINALDO SHRINE, Palanan - General Aguinaldo was captured here in 1901 by American Forces, thus ending the Philippine Revolution GUIBANG CHURCH, Gamu Houses the Miraculous Lady of the Visitation of Guibang. PARISH CHURCH OF ST. MATHIAS, Tumauini An ultra-Baroque church, unique for extensive use of baked clay, both for wall finishing and ornamentation. SAN PABLO CHURCH, San Pablo Built in 1625, it features the tallest bell tower in the Cagayan Valley. BATANES RADIWAN POINT, Ivana Seaport Site of the landing by Philippine Independence fighters on September 18, 1889. SONGSONG ...
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...Week 6 “Hispanization” of the Natives * The Encomienda System (New World) * Definition of terms: * Encomienda – land trust * Encomendero – land trustee * Repartimientas – Indians granted to the land trustee * It can be traced in American colonies (particularly the South & Central America) which were later turned as Spanish permanent settlements * “New Spain” * Spanish explorers conquered the New World (feudalism) * Modified type of feudalism – encomienda system * It was established on May, 1493 by the Crown in Castle * Crown – had the power to entrust/ remove the land trust to the encomendero * Scope of the encomienda system: land +inhabitants * Spanish authorities justified their dominion over the New World by stating that their main responsibility was to propagate Catholic faith * Law of Burgos * Tribute * They believe that they could bring civilization to the New World * Rampant exploitation and abuse * The estates were still in the possession of inhabitants: an encomendero had no political authority * The Crown reluctant expressed his desire to abolish the encomienda system * It was overruled because the Royal Crown of Spain was threatened of rebellion and anguish cries of the Spaniards in America (New World) * Causes of the degeneration of the encomienda system in America: * Drastic decline of indigenous population * Transition from mercantile economy to industrial economy * The Encomienda System...
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...TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE HISTORY SUBMITTED BY: HIPOLITO, KRISTEL J. 10th century Year | Date | Event | 900 | | End of prehistory. Laguna Copperplate Inscription, the earliest known Philippine document, is written in the Manila area in Kawi script. | | | Rise of Indianized Kingdom of Tondo around Manila Bay. | 11th century Year | Date | Event | 1000 | | People from Southern Annam called Orang Dampuan establish trade zones in Sulu | 1001 | | Song Shih document records tributary delegation from the Buddhist Kingdom of Butuan on 17 March. | 12th century Year | Date | Event | 1175 | | Kingdom of Namayan reaches its peak. | 13th century Year | Date | Event | 1240 | | Tuan Masha'ika, an Arab, travels and introduces Islam to Sulu. | 14th century Year | Date | Event | 1380 | | Karim Al-Makhdum arrives in Jolo and builds a Mosque. | 1400 | | Birth of the Baybayin, Hanunoo, Tagbanwa, and Buhid scripts from Brahmi. | 15th century Year | Date | Event | 1457 | | Sultanate of Sulu founded by Sharif Al-Hashim.[1] | 16th century Year | Date | Event | 1500 | | Rise of Kingdom of Maynila under the Bolkiah dynasty | 1521 | 16 March | Ferdinand Magellan lands on Homonhon with three small ships, named the Concepcion, Trinidad and Victoria. Magellan calls the place the Arcigelago de San Lazaro since March 16 is the feast day of Saint Lazarus | | 28 March | Magellan reaches the Philippines | | 29 March | Blood Compact between Magellan and Rajah...
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...Isang Tesis na Iniharap sa Departamento ng Filipino, Kolehiyo ng mga Sining at Agham, Central Luzon State University Bilang Katugunan sa Pangangailangan Ng Asignaturang Filipino 105 Pagbasa at Pagsulat Tungo sa Pananaliksik Marso 2014 KABANATA I. Ang Suliranin at ang Kaligiran ng Pag-aaral PANIMULA “Ang pamahiin ay isang matandang kaugalian na kinagisnan mula pa sa ating mga ninuno, buhat pa noong unang panahon at tinataglay pa rin ng marami, lalo na yaong mga naninirahan sa malalayong lalawigan. Ang paniniwala sa mga pamahiin ay naging panunturan ng pang-araw-araw na buhay ng ibang tao, pati na rin ang pagiging babala nito sa bawat gawain, plano, o hangarin nila sa buhay. Maaaring ginagawa nila ang mga ito bilang respeto at pagbibigay-galang sa mga nakatatandang nagpayo sa kanila na sumunod sa mga pamahiin. Ang pamahiin ay isang walang basehang paniniwala hinggil sa mga bagay-bagay na wala namang relasyon sa isa’t-isa. Aminin man o hindi, malaki ang nagagawang impluwensya ng mga pamahiin sa usaping kultura, buhay, kabiguan, tagumpay, kalungkutan at kaligayahang mga Pilipino. Maraming mga pamahiin ang sinusunod natin, ito’y namana natin sa mga nakatatanda sa atin. Ang hindi pagsunod sa mga pamahiing ito ay nagdudulot ng kamalasan, ayon sa mga nakatatanda. Ang mga kaugaliang ito ay mga paniniwala sa isang bagay, gawain, o pangyayari na nakaaapekto sa mga espesipikong kaugalian natin. Ngunit wala itong kahit anong lohikal na kaugnayan sa...
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...Constitution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Constitution (disambiguation). A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.[1] These rules together make up, i.e.constitute, what the entity is. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a writtenconstitution; if they are written down in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a codified constitution. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign states to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution defines the principles upon which the state is based, the procedure in which laws are made and by whom. Some constitutions, especially codified constitutions, also act as limiters of state power, by establishing lines which a state's rulers cannot cross, such as fundamental rights. An example is the constitution of the United States of America. George Washington at Constitutional Conventionof 1787 signing of the U.S. Constitution. The Constitution of India is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world,[2] containing 444 articles in 22 parts,[3][4] 12 schedules and 118 amendments, with 117...
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...CHAPTER XIX : A LEADER OVERTAKEN The Katipunan was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish Filipinos in Manila in 1892, whose primary aim was to gain independence from Spain through revolution. The society was initiated by Filipino patriots Andrés Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa, and others on the night of July 7, when Filipino writer José Rizal was to be banished to Dapitan. Initially, the Katipunan was a secret organization until its discovery in 1896 that led to the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution. Being a secret organization, its members were subjected to the utmost secrecy and were expected to abide with the rules established by the society. Aspirant applicants were given standard initiation rites to become members of the society. At first, membership in the Katipunan was only open to male Filipinos; later, women were accepted in the society. The Katipunan had its own publication, Kalayaan (Liberty) that had its first and last print on March 1896. Revolutionary ideals and works flourished within the society, and Philippine literature were expanded by some of its prominent members. In planning the revolution, Bonifacio contacted Rizal for his full-fledged support for the Katipunan in exchange for a promise of rescuing Rizal from his detainment. On May 1896, a delegation was sent to the Emperor of Japan to solicit funds and military arms. The Katipunan's existence was revealed to the Spanish authorities after a member named Teodoro Patiño...
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...first as head of the dictatorship he thought should be established upon his return to Cavite in May 1898 from voluntary exile in Hongkong, and then a month later as President of the Revolutionary Government that Apolinario Mabini had persuaded him should instead be instituted. Aguinaldo’s presidential term formally began in 1898 and ended on April 1, 1901, when he took an oath of allegiance to the United States a week after his capture in Palanan, Isabela. His term also featured the setting up of the Malolos Republic, which has its own Congress, Constitution, and national and local officialdom -- proving Filipinos also had the capacity to build. Aguinaldo is best remembered for the proclamation of Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898, in Kawit, Cavite. Contributions and Achievements of Emilio Aguinaldo: * first president * youngest president – he became the country’s leader at age 28 * one of the active leaders of KKK * signed the Pact of Biak na Bato * known as the President of the Revolutionary Government * he fought against the Spanish and American to retain our independence Manuel L. Quezon (August 19, 1878 - August 1, 1944). He won the elections held in September 1935 to choose the head of the Commonwealth Government. It was a government made possible by the Tydings-McDuffie Law, which Quezon secured from the U.S. Quezon had emerged as the acknowledged leader of Philippine politics and possessed the kind of background and experience that...
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...Petroglyphs * Society of the Igorot | Classical Period (900–1521) | * Sinified State of Ma-i * Thallasocracy of the Lequios * Tondo Dynasty * Confederation of Madja-as * Kingdom of Maynila * Kingdom of Namayan * Rajahnate of Butuan * Rajahnate of Cebu * Sultanate of Maguindanao * Sultanate of Sulu * Sultanate of Lanao | Spanish Period (1521–1898) | * Viceroyalty of New Spain * Spanish East Indies * Christianization * Dutch Invasions * British Invasion * Revolts and uprisings * Katipunan * Philippine Revolution | American Period (1898–1946) | * First Republic * Philippine–American War * Tagalog Republic * Negros Republic * Zamboanga Republic * Insular Government * Commonwealth * Japanese Occupation * Second Republic | Post-Colonial (1946–present) | * Third Republic * Marcos era * Fourth Republic * Fifth Republic | By topic | * Demographic * Military *...
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