...Critical review of: An employment systems approach to turnover: Human resources practices, quits, dismissals, and performance. By Rosemary Batt and Alexander J.S Colvin (August, 2011). Academy of Management Journal, 54 (4): 695-717. Introduction Drawing on internal labor market and efficiency wage theories, this study intends to contribute in turnover and employment systems literature by examining theoretically and empirically whether applying three categories of human resources (HR) practices, instead of treating HR practices as a consistent group (Batt and Colvin, 2011: 697), might produce similar effects on quits and dismissals rates. Previous researches had diversified views about the causes of quit and dismissals due to various factors and conditions that were considered in these studies and theoretically show plausible dissimilarity. In addition, the authors attempt to explore the potential effects of those sets of HR practices and turnover on the organizational performance and the reflections on customer satisfaction. Hypotheses Batt and Colvin (2011: 696-701) analysis and arguments about the current literature yield seven hypotheses. Whereas employers in which apply two sets of incentive HR practices, namely, high-involvement work and attractive investments and inducements practices, they may encounter lower turnover rate and higher level of operational performance. By contrast, the third set of these incentive HR practices, labeled performance-enhancing...
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...What is research? Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge (Kothari, 2004) What is Knowledge? The Oxford Dictionary defines “Knowledge” as: * The information, understanding and skills that you gain through education and experience; * The state of knowing about a particular fact or situation; What other ways of knowing exist? “There are four ways of knowing” (Gakuu & Kidombo, 2014) Server time Sensory Experience The Oxford Dictionary defines “Sensory” as “Connected to your physical senses” By this definition we can infer that we use our “Sensory Organs” to Know or Gain Knowledge. Our sensory organs include eyes, ears, nose, mouth and skin, We use our eyes to see things hence gaining knowledge; we use our ears to hear and gain knowledge…….etc. etc. We should not forget that this information or knowledge is first processed by our brain then and only then do we understand what it is we are seeing, hearing, tasting and so on and therefore understand. Normally we, see, hear, and smell taste touch. We gather a lot of data through our senses. “However, sensory knowledge is undependable and in some cases incomplete. The data we take through our sense do not account for all (or even most) of what we seem to feel is the range of human knowing. For us to obtain reliable knowledge, therefore, we cannot rely on our senses alone, but must check what we think we know with other sources” (Gakuu & Kidombo, 2014) The opinion of other is...
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...and why different research methods are selected by the author. The author has made logical justification of different research methodology techniques in accordance with the aim and objectives of the research. Research methodology helps the researcher to get a systematic solution of the research problems. Kumar (2008) mentioned research methodology as the science of conducting research. Cottrell and McKenzie (2011) argued good research should be followed by the well-established previous theories. 9.1 Research Process According to the onion model of Saunders et al (2009), a good research should generally consist of valid and justified research philosophy, research approach, research strategy, research design and data...
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...Section III. Choice of Research Method: Quantitative, Qualitative or Mixed? The selection of data analysis techniques to deal with research questions or hypotheses and the techniques chosen for the data collection is informed and guided by what we call the research method. Hence, research method is a procedure, and also the analytical techniques to be chosen and the methods to be chosen will also be dictated by the choices of the methodologies made and by the theoretical framework (Sumner and Tribe, 2008). Research methods for knowledge claim and strategies is of three types: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. In quantitative method, a positivist claims is used as a tool for the researcher to investigate primarily for knowledge....
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...Name of method | Description of method | When method is used | Triangulation | Triangulation involves three people. It is the communication method in which one person does not communicate directly with another person. Although, both people communicate with the third person. | This method is used when one person is not able to communicate directly to another person. For example, it is used in case studies, when opinions of different people or groups need to be gathered. | Quantitative | Quantitative research is when one collects data through questionnaires of preference for types of television programs. The information is then analyzed to determine the mean preference scores for the given programs. | Quantitative research is widely used in psychology, economics, sociology, marketing, health & human development, gender and political science. | Qualitative | Qualitative research is mainly exploratory research. It provides insights into a problem or it helps to develop ideas. | It is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It also used when looking deeper into a problem | Surveys | Surveys are useful in identifying the truth. Through surveys, issues can be addressed more efficiently. Data is collected through a large amount of people when using surveys. | Surveys are useful when identifying needs and wants of stakeholders in an organization, for developing strategies, and collecting large amounts of data. | Experimentation...
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...Business Research Methods Paper 603 Submitted By: Divjot Kaur 1.1 Type of Interview For the purpose of this research Alexander chose semi structured face to face interview with the board of directors of chamber of commerce. To collect the primary data Alexander has to plan a semi structured interview with the board. Steps * Draft a questionnaire which will be presented in front of the board of directors * Fix an appointed with the board of directors * Interview the board of directors Scope and benefits 1. Firsthand information for investment decision making purpose. 2. No technological distractions or interference 3. On spot clarifications on questions and comments or concerns 4. Reliability of data provided by industry experts and chamber of commerce 5. Sufficient information will be available in hand for decision making 1.2 Face to face Interview Key attributes of face to face interview 1. Adaptability: One of the key attributes of face to face interview is adaptability. The interviewer can adapt their questions according to the respondent’s answers and can sought clarifications on any given topic. This gives the interviewer an opportunity to probe which is particularly important when the interviewer need clarification on particular research topic. The interviewer can ask further questions and request the interviewee to be more detailed and explicit during the face to face interview. For example for evaluation the highest...
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...(2003) identified that two broad research methods are often used across various studies for logical reasoning. Two broad categories of research approaches are deductive approach and inductive approach. Research approach is usually selected by the researcher depending upon the nature of study and its specific requirements. In an inductive approach, the researcher first begins to collect relevant in accordance to the study under discussion. Once a substantial amount of data in the form of previously conducted similar studies, the researcher tries to understand the concepts and looks for patterns that could provide explanation to our identified research problem. In other words, an inductive approach starts with a set of observations...
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...Business Research Methods Part One Dwayne Bell, Quorisa Handy, Pamela Williams, and Vernita Williams QNT/561 October 21, 2012 Matthew Radio Business Research Methods Part One Hospital Sunshine has experienced a 30% decrease in patient satisfaction scores. The hospital food services department received the latest scores. The management dilemma is related to the 30% of Medicare reimbursement tied to patient satisfaction (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2012). The current poor scores place the contracted company at risk of losing the contract at Hospital Sunshine. The executives have discussed a plan to research and resolve the issues. The team has decided to why there has been a 30% decrease in patient satisfaction in their meals at Sunshine Hospital. Due to the numerous variables in the tray line and food service delivery the team reviewed the break down questions. The lowest scores of 70% out of 100% were seen in the temperature of the food delivered. The team has decided to research the lowest scoring variable. The research question is: How can we increase patient satisfaction by getting the food to the patient at the right temperature? Research Design –Que According to our readings, a research design is the strategy for a study and the plan by which the strategy is to be carried out. It specifies the methods and procedures for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data (Cooper & Schindler, 2011). The research design that is appropriate...
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...There are three main types of research methodology: qualitative, quantitative and the mixed method approach. Qualitative research is collecting, interpreting and analysing data based on observing what people do or say. On the other hand, qualitative research refers to the meanings, definitions, metaphors, characteristics and description of things (Thomas, 2003). While, mixed research uses both qualitative and quantitative methods and blends the resulting data in certain ways (Jick, 1979). The design for this research is the use of a descriptive and interpretive focus group analyses through a mix method approach. The focus and purpose of the research is to analyze the usage of renewable energies throughout the Caribbean as an alternative energy...
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...Business Research Skills Qualitative Research Report Business Research Skills Qualitative Research Report Teresa Cooney B00251777 Teresa Cooney B00251777 Contents Introduction 2 1. Research Design 3 1.1 Qualitative Research Methods 3 1.2 Thematic Analysis 3 2. Findings and Analysis 6 References 8 Appendix 1 9 Appendix 2 13 Introduction This report has been commissioned by the University of the West of Scotland (Paisley campus) for the Business Research Skills course. All the information contained within the report has been collected through various sources, such as; text books, internet sites, case studies and relevant Journals. The aim of this report was to analyse the interview transcript from UWS Business School. The purpose was to evaluate the current trends and future thinking’s of an area of business and operational management. The report contains an analysis and explanation of research design and qualitative research methods. This includes the qualitative research method, Thematic research. It outlines the six phases of the Thematic Analysis process. Following on from this, included is a detailed Thematic analysis of the interview transcript provided by UWS Business School. 1. Research Design The term research design refers to the comprehensive strategy chosen to include different parts of study in a logical manner. This ensures the research problem is efficiently addressed. Research design represents the framework...
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...[pic] ASSIGNMENT 1 JANUARY 2014 SEMESTER SUBJECT CODE : ESM641 SUBJECT TITLE : RESEARCH METHODS IN EDUCATION LEVEL : MASTER OF EDUCATION STUDENT’S NAME : LILY PREMALA MICHAEL MATRIC NO. : E60101140098 PROGRAMME : MASTER OF EDUCATION ACADEMIC FACILATATOR : PUAN NORYATI ALIAS LEARNING CENTRE : ONLINE Article Critique Volume 4, Number 1 Fall 2013 Riveros, A., Newton, P., & Costa, J. (2013). From Teachers to Teacher-Leaders: A Case Study Introduction This review critically reviews the article ‘From Teachers to Teacher-Leaders’ by Augusto Riveros, Paul Newton and Jose da Costa which appeared in International Journal of Teacher Leadership. The review will critique the article, evaluating its focus on the study, the research questions or hypotheses, the method and instrument used, the procedure, the findings and the conclusion at the end of the article. Overall, the article was well written, clear and relevant. I. Statement of the Problem a. Research Topic The topic of the study is to focus attention on the teachers’ experiences of leadership. The authors state, “teacher leadership has been positioned as a central component in discourses on educational change and improvement.” This sets the context for more specific research problem. b. Research Problem As the title of the article suggests, teacher leadership is from teachers to experienced teacher-leaders. In this study, the authors offer an analysis of...
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...Business Research Methods – Part I University of Phoenix July 5, 2010 Introduction Business research is very important in solving business related problems. Business research, “is a process of planning, acquiring, analyzing and disseminating relevant data, information, and insights to decision makers in ways that mobile the organization to take appropriate actions, that in turn, maximize business performance” (Cooper & Schindler, 2006). Nonprofit organizations are currently having a tough time in this economy because of budget cuts. One place in particular suffering is the YMCA. This business research plan will form a research question, which arose from this dilemma as well as define the problem the YMCA is currently having. Along with the research question, an appropriate research design will be defined in order to try to fix the problem appropriately and then a sample design used for collecting data will be defined. Research Question Development When conducting research of any kind, it is crucial to address any potential problems that may arise to ensure that an organization is operating at its optimal level. Because of the turmoil in the economy, nonprofit organizations all over the nation are experiencing a tough time due to budget cuts. In addition to a lower budget there has been a significant decrease in employee satisfaction possibly due to a decrease in raises and incentives for YMCA employees. Finally, there has been an increase in employee absenteeism...
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...Jason Geoltz Research Project Research Question What are the reasons that graduates living in Tallahassee area under the age of 25, are remaining in this location as opposed to moving? Structure and Justification This research proposal is qualitative in nature because I am gathering information regarding the various reasons that these individuals are remaining in Tallahassee after graduating as opposed to beginning a new life outside of the region. I want to determine the different factors that result in these recent graduates continuing residency in Tallahassee. I believe that from socio-economic, pregnancy and other situational factors all contribute to the decision to live in this city. I am studying the decisions made by these post-graduates, and not calculating the various statistics that each categorical reason has associated with it. For this reason, this proposal is qualitative and not quantitative. Measurements The primary source of data will come through interviews, a structured set of questions, and categories that will have certain parameters. I will observe economic and social norms as well as changes. Participants A random sampling of recent graduates is to be acquired fitting the age requirement. No bias is to me made for race, economical standing or gender. Methods I will use journal reports and interviews as my primary research method. Social media will be reviewed as well. Results Reporting Categorical bar graphs will be used as well as percentages...
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...Engineering and Environment Business Information Management Jonathan Bartlett W15023629 IS0629 Research Methods and Academic Communications Tutor: Honglei Li Assignment 2 Submission Date: Monday 4th January 2016 Word Count: 2,496 Research is a method of achieving new knowledge to improve practice and learning through the acquisition of facts. It is a scientific process which aims to prove a theory (Business Dictionary, 2015). Within research there are different types; the main two being quantitative research and qualitative research. In basic terms qualitative is exploratory research and quantitative is a way to quantify an answer (Wyse, 2011). This essay will provide explanations of differences between the two methods. This will be done through a discussion of methodologies for both qualitative and quantitative research. The essay will discuss characteristics of both types of research including examples of types of methods and data collection, and analysis techniques used in each. An example of a research design project will be included to identify the benefits and limitations of one type; the author of this assignment has chosen to demonstrate a quantitative method of research. Qualitative research will be explored first. Bauman and Greenberg (1992) explain how qualitative research is used to find out what people think. It is an effective was to gather opinions and can be used to get people to talk...
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...Communication Research Methods Worksheet Read the assigned articles from the Handbook of Media and Communications Research located in your Electronic Reserve Readings for Week One. Use these articles to answer the following questions about communication research: 1. Why is it important to be familiar with research about communication and the methods used to perform this research? The most common research methods are: literature searches, talking with people, focus groups, personal interviews, telephone surveys, mail surveys, email surveys, and internet surveys. It is important to know these methods because they allow you more options than, just interviewing people or talking to one person. It is also important to know how to research the topic you wish to research. When you have studied the best research methods, you will be able to provide the best information on the topic you choose. Knowing how to find good sources and bad sources is a great start! 2. What are two quantitative research methods used in communications research? Cause and comparative 3. What are two advantages and two disadvantages for each of the quantitative methods? Qualitative research involves studying phenomena in their natural habitat, rather than in a laboratory setting like quantitative research. Qualitative research obtains a holistic picture of the subject of study and this provides prosperous information and allows for personality differences to excel. It is almost impossible...
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