...will be based on the importance of observation as a tool for understanding child development. The main argument of this essay is that observation is very important, simply because the strengths outweigh the limitations. It will focus on different types of observational methodologies and their strengths and weaknesses. It will also consider the importance of observation within practice and research. An observation involves watching someone and dealing with what they do rather than what they say they do (Gillham, 2008: 1). It allows the observer to directly see and hear what’s happening (Mac Naughton and Hughes, 2008: 157). In terms of children it allows us to tune into them (Fawcett, 1996: 3) and understand what they already know. There are many different observational techniques, these include: narrative observation, time sampling, event sampling, anecdotal and diary records, checklists and rating scales (Bentzen, 2000: 84). For the purpose of this essay, only a few of these techniques will be expanded on. One observational technique which may be used to understand child development is a checklist. These are regularly used within schools to record children’s individual progress (Sharman et al, 2007: 5).They also aid practitioners in picking up on the presence or absence of specific behaviour (The Goodheart-Willcox Co 2009:59). Another type of technique which may be used is event sampling. This technique measures the child’s behaviour when facing different events. When carrying out...
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...Pre-Buy Checklist Make no mistake about it, there's a lot to consider when buying a home, especially when buying a home for the very first time. It's natural to feel a lot of conflicting emotions; excitement, apprehension, fear, joy, and especially confusion. After all, this is a life-changing step you're about to take and you want to be prepared for it as best you can. A checklist of things to do before you buy a home is a good way to make sure you have all your affairs in order and are well prepared for what lies ahead of you. 1: Boost Your Credit. Obviously, the higher your credit rating, the lower your monthly payments will be, but it's also important to point out that you should avoid any major purchases before buying a home. Things...
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...all antisocial, but they are all very self-centered and everything that they do is to benefit them. “In short, psychopaths have a predatory quality to them, and in order to understand them, it is important to view them as classic predators” (Hare, 2009). Characteristics of Psychopaths There is no perfect way to describe a psychopath because they come in all shapes and sizes. Psychopaths can be either sex, surprisingly, almost one percent of the general male population are psychopaths. Some psychopaths are violent, and some are not. Some of them enjoy being the center of attention, and some are very antisocial and do not like being in crowds. “Psychopaths differ from each other, and their condition can vary in severity. Current research suggests a continuum of psychopath ranging from those who are highly psychopathic to persons who have the same number or fewer traits in a milder form. A clinical assessment of psychopathy is based on the person having the full cluster of psychopathic traits—at least to some degree—based on a pattern of lifetime behaviors” (Hare, 2003). Psychopaths lack of remorse, furthermore, they act in cold hearted ways and manipulate people on order to use them as pawns to achieve their goals. Criminals in general do not accept responsibility for...
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...As my professor Dr. Randy Oberhoff (Forensic Psychology 6101, 2013) said… “It's not as if there are some founding fathers of Forensic Psychology”. My choice of specialty would be in corrections oriented toward involuntary conferment of the mentally ill; this is because I have worked in this field for the last decade; Dr. Oberhoff centres his field of interest in malingering, deception, recidivism, psychopathy, and rehab for criminals. Theorists that contribute to Dr. Oberhoff area of interests are scholars such as Robert Hare (psychopathy); Rick Rogers (Malingering/deception); and Richard Rogers etc. Our evolving world, multicultrism, poverty, and the highest incarceration rate in the globe- the field forensic psychology is still considered at its early stages. (Bartol and Bartol, 2012) My two personal favourite theorists are Dr. Roger Hare, and Dr. Lorna Rhodes. There are many reasons as to why I chose these two theorists as my favorite for their efforts and contribute in to the field forensic psychology, and correctional services. It was noted by Dr. Gibbons and Dr. Katzenbach (2011)… “What happens inside jails and prisons does not stay inside jails and prisons” (Gibbons and Katzenbach, 2011, p.36). Being surrounded by negativity, fear, anxiety, rumors, hostility, and threat of physical violence have a profound effect on both the staff and offenders in a correctional facility. Dr. Gibbons and Dr. Katzenbach(2011) further state “when people lived and worked in facilities...
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...With qualified psychiatrists, nurses, and proper housing facilities a prosperous environment could be created for the psychopaths with violent tendencies, which would allow them to contribute to psychological research on psychopathy, within ethical bounds, as well as remain closely monitored by world-class physicians. However, before they could ever be admitted they would need to meet certain qualifications to ensure they were truly psychopathic and not searching for the easy way out. They would need to be declared clinical psychopathic by a licensed psychologist or psychiatrist. After doing such they could be admitted to one the facilities to serve for their crimes...
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...Psychobiography: Ted Bundy Though it could be argued that Ted Bundy’s characteristics could fall into that of other psychopath classification systems, this well-known serial killer exhibited many of the traits that Robert Hare outlined in his Psychopathy checklist. This paper will provide an overview of Bundy’s characteristics applicable to Robert Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R). Taking the two factors of the PCL-R interpersonal traits and antisocial behavior respectively this paper will unpack certain events in Ted Bundy’s life that were contributing factors to his career as a sexual serial killer. Prior to his career as a serial killer, a factor 2 trait from the PCL-R, juvenile delinquency was present in Bundy. The young Ted would sneak around at night to pleasure himself while peeping at women. He also became a shoplifter. (Rippo, 2007, p22). One of the two factors of Hare’s PCL-R demonstrates how certain interpersonal traits contribute to the explanation of the behaviour of psychopathic individuals. Two characteristics that fall under Hare’s interpersonal assets are being cunning and lack of empathy. These two traits are evident in his modus operandi, numerous escapes from police custody and trial(s). As an adolescent Bundy initially made good impressions due to of his good looks and superficial charm, however interpersonal relationships made him feel uneasy and he never felt that he fit in. Moreover, Bundy enjoyed being alone. When his stepfather...
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...Eng. 102 Revealing a Psychopath “If you’re in a room and at one end lies madness and at the other end lies sanity, it is human nature to veer towards the madness end” (Ronson 72). In other words what Jon Ronson is trying to say is that humans by nature are always looking for craziness. One example is a teenage boy always wondering, “What would happen if…” What would happen if I drink one of my dad’s beers instead of the Mountain Dew next to it; would he find out? Or another example when you get your first car, you want to press and investigate what each button or pedal does and you see the accelerator. The first thing that might run to your mind is what would happen if I just press this all the way down? Despite the fact that we know the consequences we still do them because humans by nature veer towards madness as said by Ronson. After reading Ronsons “The Psychopath Test” I realized that we all have some type of manic tendencies or a disorder in us, yet we are not all considered psychopaths. Once Ronson started reading the DSM he started to diagnose himself with disorders and some of these disorders also pertained to me. The disorders were arithmetic learning disorder and caffeine induced disorder. As a kid I was never the best at math so did that mean I had arithmetic learning disorder? How about when you drink coffee for the first time and you start getting the jitters, does that mean you have caffeine induced disorder? In this section of the book I believe that the procedure...
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...Gabriella English 12-7 27 October 2014 Independent Reading Project Jon Ronson was born on the 10th of May, 1967 in Cardiff, Wales. He is an award-winning nonfiction writer, radio presenter, and documentary filmmaker. He is the author of four bestsellers, Them: Adventures with Extremists, The Men Who Stare at Goats, The Psychopath Test, and Lost at Sea: The Jon Ronson Mysteries. In an interview, Ronson stated his reason why he wrote The Psychopath Test, “I wanted to write a book about madness because it has always been—I think— the elephant in the room of my other books. Do the people I write about behave the strange ways they do because madness is the engine that powers them? I felt I needed to address this question head-on. Is madness the force that makes the world go around?” The Psychopath Test: A Journey through the Madness Industry starts out with a mystery. A group of the world’s top researchers are plagued by an elaborate riddle, set in a series of curiously handmade books, and Ronson is called upon to investigate. He is of course, an established London writer, and by this time, fairly well-known for his taste in investigative journalism. Ronson is sucked into the mystery immediately, with an obsessive, infectious fervor. It’s through the riddle Ronson was introduced to, when he unwittingly stumbles into the world of psychopaths. Once solved, he finds that the world is populated by a group of people he had never truly examined—people that act without empathic reason...
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...that term for a child that has not done anything along the lines of the definition is looking at that child in a negative attitude simply because he does not act and react the same way as society. American society has a reputation of categorizing people. If you do not fit into a specific category, then you are looked at as a “special needs” person, or someone that has a disability and disadvantage. I believe it all comes down to the parents. The parents of Michael, the child profiled in the article, are well-educated, caring people who exist in a living hell with him. They have two other boys who are the focus of Michael’s aggressive actions, and have tried many paths to find help for him such as psychologists, behavioral programs, and research programs. One of the major issues and frustrations is that CU kids apparently thrive in these programs at learning how to lie and feign empathy. In some children, C.U. traits manifest in obvious ways. Paul Frick, a psychologist at the University of New Orleans who has studied risk factors for psychopathy in children for two decades, described one boy who used a knife to cut off the tail of the family cat bit by bit, over a period of weeks. The boy was proud of the serial amputations, which his parents initially failed to notice. “When we talked about it, he was very straightforward,” Frick recalls. “He said: ‘I want to be a scientist, and I was experimenting. I wanted to see how the cat would react.’ ” With mental...
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...Dr. Clarke November 18, 2011 Sociopathy and Psychopathy When most people think of a psychopath or sociopath they think of a person who is violent and has a lack of guilt. These traits are both true. But, a psychopath has many more characteristics that people see with the naked eye. Most psychopaths are anti-social and do not relate to others as normal people do. They usually plan out their violent attacks with no emotion or sympathy to what they do. To some people they get the tags “emotionless,” “fearless,” and “unstoppable.” The reason that psychopaths do not fear anything is because they somehow lack anxiety and feel that nothing matters to them. It is also hard to say what motivates a psychopath, could it be control or dominance possibly, but most psychopaths have had no long relationships with anyone in their lives or any purpose for the things they do other than planning violence. They tend to have a grandiose demeanor and an attitude of entitlement like other people owe them something. Certain brain disorders and hormonal imbalances make a person become a psychopath. There are four different types of psychopaths. First, there are primary psychopaths. This type of person does not respond to any type of punishment, apprehension, stress, or disapproval for the things that they do. For a primary psychopath, words to not connect to them like words would for a normal person. It is also unclear to scientist if they even understand the meaning of their own words...
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...Characteristics of psychopathy include emotional, interpersonal, and behavioral characteristics such as emotional detachment, callousness, irresponsibility, impulsivity, and disregard for society’s rules and rights of others (Hare, 1996). Psychopathy was originally used to define all cases of personality disorders, but now psychopathy is seen as a more severe form of Antisocial Personality Disorder (Maddux, J., & Winstead, B., 2008). This means that psychopathy has a prevalence rate of less than three times that of Antisocial Personality in both civil and criminal populations (Hare, R., & Neumann, C., 2009). Psychopathy Checklist The first assessment instrument used to measure psychopathy was the Psychopathy Checklist developed by Robert Hare in 1980 and was revised (PCL-R) in 1991 and again in 2003 (Hare, 1993). The psychopathy checklist is the most accepted instrument in assessing psychopathy by both psychologists and the criminal justice system. The PCL-R can also be used to foresee recidivism, violence and treatment outcome with criminals and is most commonly used in forensic assessments (Hare, R., & Neumann, C., 2009). The PCL-R consists of a 20 item scale and is conducted as a semi-structured interview as well as using case information – such as looking at a prison or psychiatric file -...
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...Snakes Suits When Psychopaths Go To Work Book Review by Antoinette Foster-Shaw EDD 9100 Leadership Nova Southeastern University April 19, 2011 1 Snakes in Suits: When Psychopaths Go To Work (2007) is a compelling and realistic book that openly discusses corporate psychopaths. This book also helps the reader go beyond the stereotypes placed on psychopaths. The authors are two psychologist; Dr. Robert Babiak and and Dr. Robert Hare who both have performed extensive research in psychopathy. These authors have displayed how psychopaths slither not only their way into people’s personal lives but also the workforce with devious methods and strategies. The main tool of a psychopath is disarming charisma with the lack of empathy, remorse, and shame. Their mind is constantly searching for angles to start the games of deceit. They also represent confidence, strength, calmness, and always seem right for the job offered. Assessment, manipulation, abandonment, and ascension are the phases of psychopathic behavior which are concisely explained in very simple terms for easy understanding. The phases enable the reader to clearly understand each phase that is relevant in a psychopath’s process towards their main goals of accomplishment. The authors have clearly demonstrated...
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...vital attributes of effective leadership (Avolio, 1999)? Qualities which in the case of Creon, may also be categorised as sociopathic or even psychopathic (Babiak & Hare, 2006). Sub-clinical socio/psychopathic traits such as narcissism, impulsivity, superiority, low-empathy and self-promotion are ironically also those that may assist individuals in rising to the top of the corporate or government ladder (Boddy, 2009). Paradoxically, these traits are often accompanied by the more positively held attributes of charisma, ambition and opportunism (Andrews & Furniss, 2009). As our leaders become ever more exposed and scrutinised, important questions arise concerning the way in which we encourage, promote and celebrate leadership. Research on the link between psychopathic behaviour and leadership abounds (Pech & Slade, 2007), with many calling for a complete re-think of our societal addiction to hyper-masculine role models (Bennis, 2007). By...
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...Introduction It is estimated that nine out of ten research reports published within a clinical specialty journal described observational studies (Vandenbroucke et al., 2007). Too often, important information is left missing or unclear within these research reports (Elm et al., 2007). Consequently, this poor reporting means that the strengths and weaknesses of a study and the generalisability of its results are hindered; therefore, recommendations for the reporting of research may improve the quality of reporting (Elm et al., 2007). In an attempt to demonstrate ‘good reporting’, a research report will be evaluated using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist (Elm et al., 2007). Research...
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...Checklist for Research Proposal and Outline Use the checklist below to be sure that all elements of the research proposal and outline exist. If you are evaluating someone else’s paper, put his/ her name here: ______________________________/ Your name: __________________________ Name of Element: | Yes: | No: | Comments or Suggestions for Improvement: | First Item of the Research Proposal: | Does the writer have a topic? | | | | Is the topic a current problem? | | | | Second Item of the Research Proposal: | Does the writer have a research question that repeats the topic and identifies the objective? | | | | Is the topic about the problem and/or solution? | | | | Third Item of the Research Proposal: | Is there are thesis statement that identifies the problem and solution? | | | | Is the thesis statement clear? | | | | Fourth Item of the Research Proposal: | Does the writer include a research plan regarding where he/she plans to conduct research? | | | | Is there a timetable for research related assignments, including dates for completion? | | | | Research Outline: | I. Does the writer include an introduction or plan of introduction? | | | | I. Is there a working thesis statement? | | | | II. Is there a topic sentence with the first reason for the problem? | | | | III. Is there a topic sentence with the second reason for the problem? | | | | IV. Is there a topic sentence with the first solution? | | |...
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