...Delirium in the Older Adult Population Delirium is a common issue found in older adults in the hospital and often not recognized until the illness develops, showing more evident and severe symptoms. Delirium is most commonly seen in the intensive care unit (ICU) and its frequency suggests an evident need for increased prevention. This paper will review an article by Susan Seliger, Another Hospital Hazard for the Elderly (see Appendix for more information), and look at various other perspectives focussing on the main arguments, as well as looking at personal understandings and biases, to better relate to and work with delirious older adults. Summary of the Article To summarize Susan’s article, “Another Hospital Hazard for the Elderly”, it...
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...Abstract This paper explores one published article that reports research concerning the perception of nurses and physicians communication at night about intensive care patients’ pain, agitation, and delirium. The authors are concerned with the level of accuracy to which interdisciplinary communication occurs in the intensive care unit. Nada Al-Qadheeb et al’s objective is to determine the perceptions of nurses and physicians communication in the intensive care unit at night, as communication between ICU caregivers can often times be complicated by the varying nature of illnesses, frequent assessments, frequent interruptions, and invasive procedures that occur in the ICU. “Ineffective nurse-physician communication in the ICU during the day can compromise patients’ safety, increase length of stay, and boost health care costs” (Al-Qadheeb et al, 2013). The article discusses the “perception” of communication between nurses and physicians at night while maintaining high-quality care to the critically ill patient. Evaluation of such perceptions has not been previously performed. The results of the study “highlights the importance of further qualitative and quantitative investigations on nocturnal ICU communication” (Al-Qadheeb et al, 2013). Further studies on this subject may help to improve nighttime communication between ICU clinicians and continue to impact interventions on outcomes that could improve patient safety, as well as quality of care. Keywords:...
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...Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal: Topic Selection Amanda Reese NUR/598 June 16, 2015 Patricia Dehof Nursing Research Utilization Project Proposal: Topic Selection Dementia is a broad spectrum umbrella word that encompasses many disorders that affect a patient and memory loss. There is Alzheimer’s type dementia, Lewy Body Dementia, delirium and more. As the general population in the United States gets older dementia becomes more and more of a problem. Generally speaking healthcare staff is not adequately educated and trained in dementia and the proper treatment of patients. There are several courses that are offered but there are very few policy and procedures in health care facilities regarding training people to care for dementia patients, and there are very few dementia programs within hospital settings. Topic Selection The topic selection for this paper is the need for dementia programs and policy and procedure related to the care of the dementia patient. The goal for the facilities would be to establish a care team that would be knowledgeable in the care of the different types of dementia. The team would be able to educate families as well as staff and be a resource. A team could examine the best ways to prevent injury to the patients that are in an unfamiliar hospital care environment and help work with the family to aid in the transition between home, the hospital and back again. With the knowledge the team has they can institute a policy and familiarize...
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...CLINICAL ISSUES Acute care management of older people with dementia: a qualitative perspective Wendy Moyle, Sally Borbasi, Marianne Wallis, Rachel Olorenshaw and Natalie Gracia Aim and objectives. This Australian study explored management for older people with dementia in an acute hospital setting. Background. As the population ages, increasing numbers of older people with dementia are placed into an acute care hospital to manage a condition other than dementia. These people require special care that takes into account the unique needs of confused older people. Current nursing and medical literature provides some direction in relation to best practice management; however, few studies have examined this management from the perspective of hospital staff. Design. A descriptive qualitative approach was used. Method. Data were collected using semi-structured audio-taped interviews with a cross section of thirteen staff that worked in acute medical or surgical wards in a large South East Queensland, Australia Hospital. Results. Analysis of data revealed five subthemes with the overarching theme being paradoxical care, in that an inconsistent approach to care emphasised safety at the expense of well-being and dignity. A risk management approach was used rather than one that incorporated injury prevention as one facet of an overall strategy. Conclusion. Using untrained staff to sit and observe people with dementia as a risk management strategy does not encourage an evidence-based approach...
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...The parents of America are driven by the wrong reasons to be scared of vaccines. It is “human to be nervous about injecting foreign substances into a child's body (Fear, Siegel)”. But it is not okay when parents are saying that the reason why that they are not letting their children get vaccinated is from faulty research that has been debunked a long time ago. This research created by Andrew Wakefield, a British surgeon, “was published in The Lancet, a prestigious medical journal, suggesting that the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine was increasing autism in British children (Public Health)”. The paper has been completely “discredited due to serious procedural errors, undisclosed financial conflicts of interest, and ethical violations (Public Health)”. Even with this research proven false, parents continue to say that the reason why they hate vaccines is because of it having been linked to autism. Parents need to realize that instead of helping their child, they are just increasing the risk of them getting infected and the public health is also at risk. Due to a lack of correct info and someone or something to blame, the parents that think that vaccines are bad for their kids will continue to think that so they need to be correctly informed in order to keep everyone...
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...thus its former Zaire Ebola virus. Many people have succumbed to the Ebola virus as a result of Ebola virus disease. Just like other Ebola viruses, the Ebola virus (EBOV), result in serious hemorrhagic fever in humans and it has been the cause of thousands of deaths especially in West Africa. But compared to other viruses, the Ebola virus has the highest mortality rate with an average of more than 80%. The fact that there have been numerous outbreak cases of the Ebola viruses explains the high levels. As a result of confusing it with malaria, Ebola cases were frequently treated with quinine. The first verified case of Ebola was reported on August, 1976 in Yambuku. (Team, p.223). The virus can also be transmitted through body fluids. The paper seeks to analyze Ebola in terms of origin, causes, symptoms and the preventive measures that should be taken. Apart from humans, Ebola has been found in other nonhuman primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees especially in Africa. But in other places such as the Philippines, the virus has been found in pigs. It, therefore, means that, on some occasions, the viruses is transmitted to humans from animals. People who butcher and eat infected animals in are at high risks of contracting the virus. Experts who have worked on infected animals have also been affected due to contact with the animal’s blood. Person to person transmission becomes active in various cases especially when people are taking care of the loved ones. Some even become infected...
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...If so, describe. 6. What were the research questions, if any? The subject was enlisted by a neurologist who specialized in dementia. Mrs. C. was a 73-year-old Caucasian that had many life roles. She was diagnosed with DLM two years ago, but had some symptoms six years beforehand. Mrs. C. never had any therapy directed at her dementia before this intervention. There were a lot of inclusion and exclusion factors. The participant must have been: within a community, speaks English, between the age of 55-90, living with a caregiver, with a diagnosis of DLB, and the ability to complete three hours of intervention every weekday for two weeks. Furthermore, it was important that the client had a Mini-Mental State Examination between the ranges of 10 to 25, which implied mild to moderate dementia. The participant must be able to understand, and follow one-step commands. Moreover, the study needed someone whose family could help choose what goals that the therapy team could assist the participant with throughout the study. The exclusion factors were that the participant could not have Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, delirium, or severe anxiety. This is where the investigators found Mrs. C., whose husband gave his consent for...
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...prevalence of alcoholic drinking among high school students ALCOHOLISM “It discloses secrets; ratifies and confirms our hopes; thrusts the coward forth to battle; eases the anxious mind of its burthen; instructs in arts. Whom has not a cheerful glass made eloquent! Whom not quite free and easy from pinching poverty!” (Horace first century B.C.) Initially, I wanted to write this paper on substance related disorders. However, in reading the text I felt compelled to focus on the psycological effects and problems that are related to alcoholism. With the media we are all too aware of the widespread dilemma that alcohol contributes to our current age. I am amazed that there were indeed alcoholics as far back as 3000 years before christ! Despite the pleasure and relaxation that alcohol can bring to some, it can also destroy others self-wort and integrity. Alcohol affects virtually everyone, whether the individual is himself an alcoholic, is the family member of one, or has been the victim of an alcohol related crime. In spite of the dangers alcohol presents,it is still in countless social cirles. Alcohol penetraes all ages, educational, occupational, and socioeconomical boundaries. Each year it is estimated that ten percent of all deaths are related to alcohol abuse. Am astonishing fifty percent of all major automobile accidents, and murders are associated with alcohol. On and on the statistics point to the enormous dangers of alcohol, yet it is a legalized drug. As bleak as this...
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...In: Other Topics Qualitative Research Study Running head: Qualitative Research Study Qualitative Research Study Grand Canyon University NRS433V 5/30/10 Qualitative Research Study Introduction The qualitative research study that I chose to critique is on infections related to Nursing home-acquired pneumonia. Pneumonia care and the nursing home: a qualitative descriptive study of resident and family member perspectives. Soo Chan Carusone,1 Mark Loeb,1,2 and Lynne Lohfeld1,3 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada2Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Canada 3Program for Educational Research and Development, McMaster University, Canada Corresponding author. Soo Chan Carusone: chansy@mcmaster.ca; Mark Loeb: loebm@mcmaster.ca; Lynne Lohfeld: lohfeld@mcmaster.ca Received September 19, 2005; Accepted January 23, 2006. Pneumonia is the inflammation of the lung parenchyma, build up fluid in the tissue of the lungs and then this infection spread in to whole body. The causes are mainly by Viruses, Bacteria, often caused by parasites or fungi. Pneumonia is the 5th leading cause of death in elderly. It may be unrecognized due to many factors such as it may be asymptomatic, or may be confused with other medical Pneumonia and other lower respiratory infections occur frequently among older adults residing in long-term care facilities...
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...significant family issues and can become a financial burden on patients and their family members. These burdens impair the ability of a person to function independently and also have a tremendous impact on his or her relationships and quality of life. The subject of this paper will discuss an overview of dementia, treatments of dementia, how it affects human lives, and also the affect dementia has had on the life of the writer of this paper An Overview of Dementia: How It Has Touched My Life As a child growing up in the early 1970s, the writer of this paper can recall his neighborhood. It was peaceful and had a several people who were known elderly and considered as senior citizens. The writer of this paper also remembers when the adults of the neighborhood would speak of the elderly and tend to talk the most about their strange behaviors. Although this was often the case, the talk of the elderly was only that, and most of the neighborhood people would not speak badly of the old within the neighborhood because their behaviors were believed to be normal. Most would describe the elderly as senile and acting like what most would say, “As old people do.” Modern technology and scientific research and discoveries have proven that the beliefs of people within the early 70s...
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...in only about one out of ten people, it is definitely recommended that you consult a physician because withdrawals can be physically dangerous. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a set of symptoms that occur when an individual reduces or stops alcoholic consumption after long periods of time. Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol leads to tolerance and physical dependency. Which could mean that the person would build up a higher tolerance to alcohol so that it would take more then the initial dose to get the person “drunk” or to feel a “buzz”. The withdrawal process is a largely a hyper-excitable response of the central nervous system to lack of alcohol. Symptoms typically in this stage of withdrawal include agitation, seizures and delirium tremens. Delirium tremens is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal that involves sudden and severe mental or nervous system...
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...Running head: Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease Brenda Silva Waubonsee Community College PSY 205 Research Paper Mr. Scott Hollenback October 27, 2011 Alzheimer Disease As Kevin Arnold quotes, “Memory is a way of holding on to things you love, the things you are, and the things you never want to lose.” Memories are the things we uphold. Whether it’s bad or good, those memories are engraved in us and can’t be stolen from us. But what if as time goes by, those memories are losing? Worst, you’re even losing your language skills, ability to recognize familiar things and you feel sense of depression. This means, as a person grows old he/she experiences deterioration in one’s self. Now, we are currently living in the age of technology. Our advancements in the past few decades overshadow everything learned in the last 2000 years. This increase has bought with it a large increase in disease afflicting the elderly community. AD once thought to be a natural part of aging, is a severely debilitating form of mental dementia. Although some other types of dementia are curable or effectively treatable, there is currently no cure for Alzheimer. A general overview of AD including the clinical description, diagnosis, and progression of symptoms, helps one to further understand the treatment and care of patients. Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. Alzheimer’s is the most common form of dementia, a general term for memory...
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...Legal Aspects of Intoxication Aditya Vikram Yadav Student Chapter 1 Abstract Intoxication as defined in S. 86 has remained a convenient defence in numerous murder cases, as it allows for acquittal in case of temporary insanity due to drunkenness. Through this paper we explore the jurisprudential history and the legal aspect of intoxication and find ways to bypass the landmark judgement of Basdev v. State of PEPSU(1956), which established the doctrine of insanity based on previous English judgements. This paper seeks to find ways for the police to establish guilt in such cases. S. 86 Scope of Section – The Indian Courts attribute the same knowledge to an inebriated person as they do to when he is sober. If the man has not gone very deep in drinking, the court can gather from the facts his intention, and whether the act was intended. Therefore, in cases where intention is essential, drunkenness is a defence. This section creates an artificial rule for effect of evidence and significance of facts, and the section must be read as it is and construed strictly. No knowledge or intention further of that of a sober man can be established to an intoxicated person. Drunkenness where not available as a defence can be offered as a mitigator of sentence. The section makes clear that intoxication has no effect on a person’s knowledge, and he must be presumed to cause the consequences of his acts. The difference between S. 85 and S. 86 is essentially based on whether the drunkenness...
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...How Zombies Could Actually Happen: A Research Paper Imagine a person infected with a disease to the point that they are some how no longer who they were before. The disease would take over the brain and make the body do only one thing, infect others. Sounds like a bad horror movie? Well think again. There are plenty of viruses, fungi, parasites, and chemicals in the world that affect the brain already and could cause such a thing to happen. The “zombie” wouldn’t be eating brains but it would want to spread the virus. Who is to say that a virus cannot mutate into something horrendous. This essay will show you that there are viruses, fungi, parasites, and chemicals that either can or have the potential to make people or animals into walking dead. Where did the idea of zombies come from? Zombies originated in Haiti as a sort of voodoo slave labor. What would happen was the person would be fed or rubbed with a mixture of the skin of the common toad and puffer fish. The skin of the common toad can actually kill people but the important part of it is that it is an incredibly strong pain killer. The puffer fish is extremely poisonous. It puts you in a coma in a near death state. People in Haiti are buried very soon after death and would be in the ground in less than 8 hours. The “dead person” would be dug up and fed datura, a plant with mind blowing after affects. According to Scientist Karl Kruszelnicki “Datura breaks your links with reality, and then destroys all recent memories...
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...On Solitary Confinement An Exploration Of An Age-Old Method of Punishment Solitary confinement is defined as the isolation of inmates and limiting their human contact in prison. From its birth in the late 1700s to its more widespread usage in recent history, solitary confinement has grown to be a considerable tool in the arsenal of the United States prison system’s methods of controlling its enormous prison population, shown by an increase in the construction of “Supermax” prisons, maximum-security prisons with units specifically designated to isolate inmates. With solitary confinement’s recent uptick in usage throughout the United States on both the federal and state level, questions have arisen about its implementation, its effects on the prison population, and its ethical implications. With it becoming apparent that solitary confinement will continue to play a large role in the United States correction system in the future, it is important to explore the answers to these questions. In this essay, we will explore these questions in order to understand solitary confinement more fully. History Defined fully as, “…confinement of a prisoner alone in a cell for all or nearly all of the day, with minimal environmental stimulation and minimal opportunity for social interaction,” (trauma of psychological torture 113) solitary confinement strives to eliminate the stimulus of senses such as sight, touch, and hearing, with the elimination of stimulus and social interaction...
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