...Research, Statistics, and Psychology Mickey Leitch PSY/315 November 11, 2012 Heather Joppich Research, Statistics, and Psychology When we are trying to figure out how many people are suffering from a different type of disorder then research and statistics can be very helpful. In the field of Psychology it is important to do your research and record your statistics. We can do this in the way of scientific method. Scientific method is a systematic, step by step procedure psychologists use when conducting research (Haig, 2011). That sounds much like research. Research is the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. Looking at these two you can see how they are different but you have to have both in order to complete the research that you need to make your decision. In the rest of this paper you are also going to learn about primary and secondary research and then the discussion of the role of statistics in research. After this the understanding of how important research in psychology really is. When trying to figure out what type of research to use to get the best results you have to look at the primary and secondary research of psychology. When collecting data you have primary and secondary data. Primary is directly from the source, such as a person who witnessed the event or say a person did huge humanitarian efforts, you could ask them for facts. Secondary is anything that is a second hand...
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...Research, Statistics, and Psychology Psychology is the scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior (Kowalski & Westen, 2007, p. 3). During the late 19th century, psychology became an actual science because of the fascination of human behavior. Psychologists use observation to measure human behavior better to understand mental and biological processes, motives, and personality traits. Human behavior may be understood through applied and academic science (Psychology Majors, 2011). Based on this, research using the scientific method is necessary for statistical psychology. Early research and use of scientific method in psychology included the works of Edward Titchener. Titchener used structuralism to explore aspects of the mind. Research through this method focused on introspection, or individual conscious experience. Titchener used a table method similar to a chemistry periodic table to study human behavior. Titchener believed experimentation was the only scientific method to use for the study psychology (Northern Illinois University, 2003). A paradigm in psychology is a set of theoretical assertions that provide a model, abstract picture, or object of study (Kowalski & Westen, 2007, p. 11). A paradigm is a set of shared metaphors that compare any object of study through investigation. Many modern psychologists use innovative approaches to study human behavior to support traditional methods of psychology through use of research using the scientific method...
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...Research, Statistics, and Psychology Research and statistics employ such meaningful roles in psychology whereas without both psychology may not exist. In psychology the importance of research is to help understand human beings and behaviors, but without research questions concerning human beings and behavior would go unanswered. Thoughts and theories concerning human beings and behaviors would go unanswered as well. Using and relying on the scientific method, psychology uses the research and statistics gathered to prove or disprove thoughts and theories. The importance of statistics in psychology is that they help in determining if research findings are not substantive or substantive. Not only do research and statistics play a part in psychology, the roles of the scientific method, primary data, and secondary data contribute as well. Research and the Scientific Method Research is the collection and evaluation of information or data about a particular subject (Nordquist, 2013). Psychology research is about values, variables, and scores. Values are categories or numbers, variables are characteristics or conditions that can have different values, and scores are a particular individual’s value on a variable (Aron, Aron, & Coups, 2009). Psychological processes confirmed by research to occur outside one’s awareness with several associations between behaviors, and feelings, or situations guiding one’s behavior, either unconsciously or implicitly (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). There...
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...Research, Statistics, and Psychology To understand thoroughly something a person must understand its background and conduct research. According to Bing Dictionary (2012), research is an organized way to study something; that can include an investigation to uncover facts, to create a theory or correct a previous one, or to make a plan based upon the discovered facts. A person cannot conduct or make connections in research without the use of statistics. Statistics can be just about any compilation of information on any subject in use with performance, time management, effectiveness, budgeting, and many more. Both research and statistics are important components in psychology. This paper will discuss the role of research and statistics within psychology. Examining what research and the scientific method are, comparing and contrasting the characteristics of primary and secondary data, and explaining the role of statistics within research. Role of Research and Statistics Research is a vital component in just about any field for advancement of a product or idea, especially in psychology. As stated above research is an organized way to study something. Because psychology is a field that tries to understand human thinking and behavior it is necessary that research be a vital component. Research is important to psychology because it provides pertinent information about the way a person may think or behave and forming an idea or opinion as a response from the conducted research. A...
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...Research, Statistics, & Psychology Psy/315 January 9, 2012 Research, Statistics & Psychology The scientific, objective, and the methodic gathering of information for a theory is research. Statistics is collection of data, interpretation, the analysis, and presentation of the data. Statistical data is the important part to any good research. Psychology, statistics is the method of pursuing the truth (Aron, Aron, & Coup, 2009). The statistics methods is to make sense out of the large amount of data collected during research by psychologists. This paper will explore the role of research and statistics in psychology field. The paper will give the definition of the research and the scientific method, and the characteristics of the primary and secondary data that researcher use to help form an hypothesis. The paper will also explore the role of statistics in research. Research and Scientific Method Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines research has the, “studious inquiry or examination, especially: investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical...
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...Research, Statistics, and Psychology Paper Monique Green PSY/315 March 12, 2012 Victoria Green Research, Statistics, and Psychology Paper Research basically means the gathering of information and facts for the advancement of knowledge and the gathering of data. When an individual reads a book that is a factual book or when an individual does research on the internet these are two types of research an individual can perform. When an individual conducts his or her research the individual has to be systematic when doing their research and he or she must follow a series of steps in order to obtain information that is accurate and true. When an individual is doing research it is important that the researcher make sure that the information collected is a confirm fact or facts. Research can appear to be actual facts and turn out to be actual lies. When doing research an individual has the establish that the information is actually facts, they have to reaffirm that the results of someone’s previous work, try and solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop their own new theories. A new research can also be an expansion to a previous research or work that was done. The main reason an individual does research is for documentation, discovery, interpretation, or for the development of different methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. The scientific method basically is a set of principles and procedures that researchers use to collect data, develop...
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...When it comes to doing sociological research, it can be advantageous to the researcher to use official statistics within their research. Official statistics are fairly easy to access and by using them a lot of time is saved by not having to collect as much primary data, analysis of this data would be quick and the data itself would be fairly up-to-date. It is also cheaper to use official statistics as having to collect qualitative data could result in travel costs by moving to the area of the study. In some cases, official statistics may be the only way to collect a certain set of data needed for the research, for example, in 1897 Durkheim used official statistics taken from a coroners reports from different areas to research the suicide rates of those areas. Because he had done this he was able to argue that the social factors of those areas, such as overall wealth or religion, were infact major influences on the rates of suicide. For some topics the only way to do the research is through the use of secondary data, if you are trying to research something that happened many years ago then there is no way that you would be able to collect primary data for it in the present, forcing the need for secondary data to be used. Even though using official statistics is reliable it also has quite a few weaknesses. One major weakness is the definitions of the words used, you can't always be sure that the person who wrote the statistics definitions of words like “Crime” or “Class” could...
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...Why statistics is needed in Education, especially in Research An Assignment for M. Phil Education (Research) Supervisor: Dr. Khalid Saleem Sb. Muhammad Yasin Khan Why statistics is needed in Education, especially in Research What is statistics? Statistics is a range of procedures for gathering, organising, analysing and presenting quantitative data. ‘Data’ is the term for facts that have been obtained and subsequently recorded, and, for statisticians, ‘data’ usually refers to quantitative data that are numbers In very broad terms, statistics can be divided into two branches – descriptive and inferential statistics. 1. Descriptive statistics is concerned with quantitative data and the methods for describing them. (‘Data’ (facts) is the plural of ‘datum’ (a fact), and therefore always needs a plural verb.)This branch of statistics is the one that you will already be familiar with because descriptive statistics are used in everyday life in areas such as government, healthcare, business, and sport. 2. Inferential (analytical) statistics makes inferences about populations (entire groups of people or firms) by analysing data gathered from samples (smaller subsets of the entire group), and deals with methods that enable a conclusion to be drawn from these data. (An inference is an assumption, supposition, deduction or possibility.) Inferential statistics starts with a hypothesis (a statement of, or a conjecture about, the relationship...
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...Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. There are variety of different types of statistics, hard statistics are numerical data that can not be manipulated, soft statistics are numerical data that can be manipulated, official statistics are produced by formal institutions whilst unofficial are carried out by informal institutions. By definition, statistical data is quantative data which increases its reliability. Using Statistics in research has a variety of different advantages. This kind of research is cheap and easily accessible. Also, as not much time is spent on primary research, analysis will be fairly quick so the results are fairly up to date. The ready availability of official statistics mean the researcher does not have to spend time and money collecting his / her own information. Unlike in Qualitative research methods such as interviews that could possibly involve travelling costs. It may be the case that official statistics are the only available source for a piece of research. Durkheim, for example, in his study of in 1897 used official statistics drawn from coroners' reports from different societies to establish that suicide rates varied within societies. By doing this, he was able to argue that social factors, such as religious belief, were significant variables and influences in the explanation of why people committed suicide. For some topics, therefore, secondary research is the only way...
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...UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND EXTERNAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF CONTINUING AND DISTANCE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF EXTRA-MURAL STUDIES. NYERI EXTRAMURAL CENTRE MASTER IN PROJECT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT COURSE: LDP 603: RESEARCH METHODS ASSIGNMENT STUDENT; GITHUNDI BEDAN. ADMISSION REF-27086/2013 LECTURER; Dr. Lilian Otieno, Resident Lecturer I am tasked to distinguish between parametric and non-parametric statistics and explain when to use each method in analysis of data. I shall first seek to define what parametric and non-parametric statistics mean and then compare and contrast them in the analysis of data. Parametric statistics is a branch of statistics that assumes that the data has come from a type of probability distribution and makes inferences about the parameters of the distribution. Most well-known elementary statistical methods are parametric. (According to Wikipedia, the online dictionary). In statistical analysis, parametric significance tests are only valid if certain assumptions are met. If they are not, nonparametric tests can be used. A parameter is a measure of an entire population, such as the mean height of every man in London. In statistical analysis, one practically never has measurements from a whole population and has to infer the characteristics of the population from a sample. Generally speaking parametric methods make more assumptions than non-parametric methods. If those extra assumptions are correct, parametric methods can produce more...
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...Research, Statistics, and Psychology Paper PSY 315 Week 1 Your Name University Name Course Name Instructor Name Date Psychology uses statistics and research to validate or invalidate theories. Research is used to find answers to questions. The scientific method is important because it provides researchers with the steps they must take to find the answer they are looking for in a study. Statistics are used to prove or disprove theories or questions by using the collection of data and mathematics. Many types of research could be used to make the world a better or even healthier place and this is why statistics and research is important in all fields of study. Research is an important part in the field of psychology. It is used to establish facts rather than opinions. Research is defined as an organized and systematic way to find answers to questions (Henrichsen, Smith, & Baker, 1997). There are four main goals of research in psychology, these goals are describe, predict, explain, and apply. Researchers use the scientific method to meet these goals. The scientific method is described as a process involving fives steps to conduct research. The first step is to determine a problem or make an observation. The second step is the development of the hypothesis. Testing the hypothesis is the third step. Recording the observations is the fourth step. The final step is to draw a conclusion(s) (Cowens, 2006). The scientific method is used in all fields of research....
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...Human Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman Trafficking Facts, Statistics, Truth, Research papers, reports, essays, articles, thesis, dissertationHuman...
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...Research Questionnaire RES 341 Research and Evaluation I University of Phoenix Statistics Questionnaire Workplace flexibility covers a variety of approaches—the scheduling of hours worked, such as nontraditional start and end times and compressed workweeks; the amount of hours worked, such as job sharing, phased retirement and part-time work; and the place of work, such as a satellite location or home, according to the report. Please complete the following questionnaire to assist us in gaining a better understanding of you and your scheduling needs. Ordinal Questions 1. How much would an alternative schedule make you happier? a. Very Much b. Not too Much c. Only a little d. I like my schedule the way it is 2. How long have you been an employee of UOPX? e. <2 years f. 2-5 Years g. 6-10 years h. >10 years 3. When considering a job offer, please rank the importance of the following (Please fill in your rank order using numbers 1 through 5 with 1 being the most important): i. Positive working environment ___ j. Salary ___ k. Benefits ____ l. Vacation time ____ m. Challenging workload ___ Nominal Questions 4. What is your education level? 1 - High School or lower 2 - Some College 3 - College Graduate 4 - Some Graduate School 5 - Master's Degree 6 – Doctorate 5. How many Children of you have? 1. None 2. One 3. Two 4. Three 5....
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...Research, Statistics, and Psychology There are different forms involved in the study of psychology. Whether in the field of psychology or any academic field, research is necessary to further society from what it is now into what it will become in the future. Research means expanding current knowledge without progressing, stagnation occurs. Research and statistics are unique tools in psychology because the information is part of the methodology of psychology. In the field of psychology, research is what makes it possible to better understand human behavior and gives the knowledge needed to help others. Research and statistics are tracking methods that must stay accurate. Research must be conducted with precision and accountability it is of utter importance, both ethically and morally or it can lead to disastrous results. The methods of primary, secondary data and the branches of statistical methods are key factors used in research. Research is an attempt to find information in a scientific manner (Word Net,2011). By using the scientific methods the results from the research are valid, reliable, and accurate. The scientific method is a process where secondary data is compiled, analyzed, hypothesized, and tested. Using this method decreases human error and subjective thinking from having a influence on the results and interpretations (Pervez & Gronhaug, 2005). While nothing is without fault by using the scientific method of hypothesizing and testing the hypothesis decreases the...
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...Healthcare Statistics and Research: Task one Informational Document Linda S. Gaul Western Governors University A1. Research Protocol Provider’s participation in clinical trials as an investigator is critical in development and advancement in treating diseases with new medicines, devices or protocols. Advantages of participation include; professional development, recognition as a leader in the medical community, potential for increased compensation and personal satisfaction. It should be noted not ALL studies provide physician compensation. There is also an advantage to patients whose physician is also a clinical investigator, they can have confidence you will have the ability to consider any potential conflict between the study and their current treatment. The existing clinical trials department provides the necessary support to physicians and participants. The team is responsible managing a trial, providing the required documentation to the trial sponsor and FDA. The team also meets operational and oversight requirements of participating in a clinical trial. The physician’s primary responsibility remains with the patient and the providing assessments and recommendations to care. Clinical trial may provide possible treatment options through either new drugs, or there may not be at their disposal, without the clinical trials. Often time’s additional care and tests are paid for through the study sponsor which means there is little...
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