...INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel (normally a fossil fuel) occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine (ICE) the expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion apply direct force to some component of the engine. The force is applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, or a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into useful mechanical energy. The first commercially successful internal combustion engine was created by Étienne Lenoir. The term internal combustion engine usually refers to an engine in which combustion is intermittent, such as the more familiar four-stroke and two-stroke piston engines, along with variants, such as the six-stroke piston engine and the Wankel rotary engine. A second class of internal combustion engines use continuous combustion: gas turbines, jet engines and most rocket engines, each of which are internal combustion engines on the same principle as previously described. The ICE is quite different from external combustion engines, such as steam or Stirling engines, in which the energy is delivered to a working fluid not consisting of, mixed with, or contaminated by combustion products. Working fluids can be air, hot water, pressurized water or even liquid sodium, heated in some kind of boiler...
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...SIMPLE DISTILLATION OF VODKA (THE BAR) Somo, John Carlo , Sopoco, Marc Andrew , Sotong, Patricia , Venturina, Flian Lyra , Tia, Queenie de Leon 2B- Medical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy UST ABSTRACT Distillation is the method used for purifying liquids and separating mixtures of liquids into their individual components. The experiment targets to differentiate the two methods; simple and fractional distillation, to separate its water and alcohol components, and to determine the percentage of ethanol present in the vodka using simple distillation. A volume of 15mL vodka was poured into the distillation flask for heating/boiling by the alcohol lamp. 0.50 ml of distillate was collected in every calibrated test tube until the temperature reached 100 C. The initial/first and the final distillates were kept for the testing of flammability. The first distillate was the one containing the ethanol since it is flammable, while the other one is inflammable so it is the one with the purified water content. INTRODUCTION Distillation is the method of converting a liquid to vapor, condensing the vapor, and collecting the distillate in another container. It is used to separate liquids from nonvolatile solids, as in the separation of alcoholic liquors from fermented materials, or in the separation of two or more liquids having different boiling points, as in the separation of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil from crude oil. In the modern organic chemistry laboratory, distillation is...
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...Mariano Marcos State University College of Business, Economics, and Accountancy City of Batac In partial fulfillment of the requirement in MM 108-Strategic Marketing (Marketing Plan) Submitted by: Lesterlee S. Tomas Submitted to: Mr. Ryan Marvin Mabeza Instructor October 2015 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY II. Situational Analysis The market present in the roasted chicken industry in Batac City, Ilocos Norte is shown in the situational analysis of Andok’s. The internal, customer, and external environment analysis has conducted to know the current situation of Andoks’s in the market. 2.1. Internal Analysis Andok’s Batac Branch starts its operation last March 2015 in the management of Mr. Maynard Bumagat. Andok’s offers two franchise types: Take- out and Dine-in. Basically, Andok’s Batac is a take-out type of Andok’s franchise. It is located along National Highway #7 Caunayan, Batac City, Ilocos Norte. Image of Andok’s Andok’s is open 24 hours every day to serve customers with delicious dishes and best care. The prior aim of Andok’s is to known as the best native Filipino food company and want to make the world aware of the delicious cooking style of Filipinos. The Andok’s brand name and logo; Andok’s was the nickname of the late father of Mr. Sandy Javier and Mr. Sandy is originally the owner of Andok’s. Andok’s is a nationwide business that offers franchises to interested entrepreneur in the country. The “heart” means the big heart of Andok’s to...
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...INCREASING THE ACCESSIBILITY OF DOCTORAL LEVEL RESEARCHES Sona Ahuja Assistant Professor Faculty of Education, Dayalbagh Educational Institute Deemed University, Agra Abstract Numerous researches are conducted at different levels. Some of these are funded and some are degree oriented researches. Conducting a research is no less than a Herculean task at Doctoral level. Only few bright researchers get financial support through JRF or others. So, there arise number of problems in terms of investment of time, energy, money, etc. which are faced by researcher. Despite of all this, a researcher carries out research keeping in mind all its intricacies to avoid any glitch at later stage. The concern arises when results of such a research is not disseminated adequately. Many outcomes of research are known to just few and are not accessible to others. Rest are not even aware of such researches. The present study confers to make the researches conducted at doctoral level easily accessible by widespread dissemination. Keywords: Doctoral Level Researches, Accessibility of Ph.D. Findings, Dissemination of Researches INTRODUCTION Research is an endeavour to discover, develop and verify knowledge and is considered to be a stepping-stone for any kind of progress as it exposes the hidden truth of any event of natural phenomena or human activity. Research brings advancement in the existing knowledge, generates new knowledge and leads to new products...
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...Guidelines for Critiquing a Qualitative Research Study | Elements influencing the believability of the research | Elements | Questions | Writing Style | Is the article well written – concise, grammatically correct, avoid use of jargons? Is it well laid out and organized? | Title | Is the title clear, accurate and unambiguous | Abstract | Does the abstract offer a clear overview of the study including the research problem, sample, methodology, finding, and recommendations? | Elements influencing the robustness of the research | Elements | Questions | Purpose/research problem | Is the purpose of the study/research problem clearly identified? | Logical consistency | Does the research report follow the steps of the research process in a logical manner? Do these steps naturally flow and are the links clear? | Literature Review | Is the review logically organized? Does it offer balanced critical analysis of the literature? Is the majority of the literature of recent origin? Is it mainly from primary sources and of an empirical nature | Theoretical framework | Has the conceptual or theoretical framework been identified? Is the framework adequately described? Is the framework appropriate? | Method and philosophical underpinnings | Has the philosophical approach been identified? Why was this approach/ method chosen? | Research setting | Was the setting properly and completely described? Were the circumstances under which the data was collected described? | ...
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...Characteristics of Different Social Science Research Methods ( by Oscar Mercado) |Criteria |Historical Study |Case Study |Survey |Experiment |Content Analysis |Feasibility Study | |When to use |When objective is to determine |When objective is to observe a |When objective is to see a |When objective is to determine |When objective is to find out |When objective is to find out | | |the growth and development of a |process in depth |general picture of people’s |the cause and effect |the type or quality of messages |the economic viability of | | |group, organization or | |awareness, knowledge, attitude |relationship of certain social |found in the mass media or |establishing a certain | | |institution | |and/or behavior towards a |phenomena under controlled |documents |infrastructure or institution | | | | |certain phenomenon |condition | | | |Source of data...
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...MZUMBE UNIVERSITY (CHUO KIKUU MZUMBE) GUIDELINES FOR WRITING THESIS OR DISSERTATION Prepared by: The Directorate of Research, Publications, and Postgraduate Studies P.O. Box 63 Mzumbe Morogoro, Tanzania Tel: +255 (0) 23 2604380/1/3/4 Fax: +255 (0) 23 2604382 E-mail: mu@mzumbe.ac.tz Website: www.mzumbe.ac.tz TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE INTRODUCTION .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.1 Preamble .. .. .. .. .. 1.2 Thesis versus dissertation .. .. .. 1.3 Objectives of the thesis or dissertation option 1.4 Non-thesis /Non- dissertation option. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1 1 1 1 SECTION TWO FONTS, MARGINS, SPACING, PARAGRAPHS, PAGINATIONS, ETC. 2.1 Typing and spacing .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.2 Dissertation/ Thesis title and its chapters.. .. .. .. 2.3 Fonts .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.4 Paragraphs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.5 Language .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.6 Treatment of abbreviations .. .. .. .. .. 2.7 Quotations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.8 Pagination .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.9 Margins .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.10 Capitalisation and bolding of words .. .. .. .. 2.11 Tables and their numbering .. .. .. .. .. 2.12 Figures, diagrams, graphs, charts, illustrations, and photographs SECTION THREE THESIS/DISSERTATION OUTLINE 3.1 Sequencing the major parts .. 3.2 Details of the preliminary items 3.3 Headings .. .. .. 3.4 Length of the thesis/dissertation 3.5 Final submission .. .. SECTION FOUR DOCUMENTATION 4.1 Documentation styles .. .. 4.2 APA style for in-text citations 4.3 APA style for references...
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...Researches on SAP-CRM’s Application in Cigarette Manufacturing Factory Yi Wu Business School Hohai University Nanjing , China e-mail: logowuyi@126.com Fengping Wu Business School Hohai University Nanjing, China e-mail: wfp@hhu.edu.cn Abstract—The SAP-CRM is short for Customer Relationship Management in SAP system. It is a fully functional, customercentric, e-commerce solution. This solution is designed to provide customers with satisfaction, and loyalty services. It helps to improve the competitive advantage, leading to higher profits. Through implementing SAP-CRM, it will help the enterprise to establish the formidable information sharing platform and to optimize processing flows, so the marketing department can get the marketing information accurately, providing the support directly to the marketing decisionmaking. At the same time, the SAP-CRM system will establish the relationship between marketing department and production department, research department, etc, promoting to form the sales program closed loop, market feedback processing closed loop as well as the new products researches closed loop. By SAP-CRM system, the staff will maintain with the channel customers and the terminal customers steady, assisting to plan and to carry out the sales. Moreover, the SAPCRM system provides the tools for the administrators to manage and monitor the sales persons. Through the SAPCRM’s implementation, it will help to create the more valuable customers relations for the enterprise...
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...is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I just want to read the stuff that is already there because I need it for my researches. But I don’t want to upload a paper, I...
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...by me There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue in the future as well. There have been a lot of researches in the past and the same would continue...
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...In the 2nd and 4th centuries, the early references about animal researches were founded in the writings of the Greeks. Avenzoar is the Arabic physician in 12th century who presented testing on animals as the experimental process of testing medicines and methods of treatment before introducing them to the patients (Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 12). Animal researches are the testing done on non-human animals for determine the safety and the wellness for the patient before using the medicines and cosmetics. There are many types of animals used in the researches like vertebrate animals such as (mammals, birds, fish, rabbits, cats, dogs, and mice). As animal experiments are done all over the world, scientists have their arguments to...
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...The 14TW4 Quantitative Analysis Term paper Nawar Alobaidi Southern New Hampshire University The annual research and the side effects Abstract The human continued to rely on his musing for a long time in order to search for the surrounding facts, were these reflections was the foundations that paved the way to scientific research. where the human developed his ability to find the platform, and depend on the experience to find the facts which related to the human, whether they are related to aspects of the social or economic. which represents the adoption of the scientific method of statistical, where the development of the science of statistics and its applications across many years the efforts and participation of many scientists from all over the world working in the fields and different fields. the theory of probability initial research began in the late fifteenth century, specifically in (1494), while posting sporty Italian «Luca Pacioli» A (1445-1514) work «Summa de Arithmetic» which discussed the games of chance. the statistics today is the most important science that the political, economic and cultural development depend on it. most of the States and Establishments, political organizations and economic and social development, ran by the statistics. globally and internationally and domestically. and often depends on the fate of the projects or major decisions by the provided statistics results. In general, the lack of statistical effort, in the fields, and make...
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...align with company’s resources and capabilities and satisfy customers’ needs. Why important? It enables firm to introduce innovations to marketplace and thus remain competitive. It helps enhance the existing products and services so that improve customers’ utility. It improves the efficiency and output of the process of innovation. It helps to understand and manage the risk associated with innovation. 2.Inspiring innovation Internal sources of innovation * R&D: investment in basic researches (researches that advance knowledge) Investment in applied researches (researches for specific problem or topic, usually with commercial object, followed by development to create product)--different spending on applied and basic researches for different firms (low-tech and high tech); difference spending between firms and government. * Incentives (financial or non-financial) for employees to come up with new ideas. Usually, firms tend to spend more on applied researches while government...
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...of benefits and flaws. -Self-Assessment Method: gives the respondents free to decide whether they are bullied (Glalanaki and Papalexandris, 2013, p2110). Which has lower rates of ‘workplace bullying’. -NAQ – more commonly uses measurement where categorization is pre-set by the researcher tends to show higher rate of ‘workplace bullying’ Both method need to be conducted to accurately classify and identify ‘workplace bullying’ ,where NAQ might categorize the responder to be being bullied but he/she might not feel as they are being bullied. If a person doesn't feel being bullied is it right to account others as the persecutor? Most of the database samples were isolated to Ethnic, Gender and Geology, specially in the management level researches. Example: Surveys conducted by Etienne (Exploring Workplace Bullying in Nursing, 2014, p8) and Johnson (JONA, Vol 45,No. 9, p458), responds rate was at merely at 1% and samples were predominately White American(88%) and Female(94%). Does this mean ethnic minority nurses don’t feel bullied? More databases needed to be researched to accurately measure the affects of Majority Managers and Minority Subordinates relation where 50% of above respondents feels they are being bullied by the managers or directors(Johnson and Rea, 2009,...
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...There is No Hope of Doing Perfect Research To agree with the statement “There is no hope of doing perfect research” (Griffith, 1998, p97) is to accept that humanity is doomed. There are two extreme phrases used in this context which are the words “perfect” and “no hope” that can incite argument among scholars, scientists, writers, academe people and even ordinary folks. Perfect is being entirely without fault or defect (Merriam-webster.com). Referring to research as perfect reflects the results of the human activity. In the broadest sense of the word, the definition of research includes any gathering of data, information and facts for the advancement of knowledge (Experiment-resources.com). However, human nature is defined as an ordinary human behavior, esp. considered as less than perfect (thefreedictionary.com). Now to relate perfect to humanity is a paradox. If humanity can not be equated to perfection then his actions that includes research is far from perfection as well. Another superlative or extreme description used in the statement is the “no hope” phrase. “No hope” otherwise known as “hopeless” is defined as having no possibility of solution; impossible (thefreedictionary.com). The bluntness of the statement reveals a bleak vision. To agree with the statement “There is no hope of doing perfect research” is to accept that humanity is doomed. Having no hope for perfect research also means that there is absolutely nothing in the past, present and future that can be...
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