...targeting of a potential market to facilitate sales whether retail, local, or global. When these protocol are combined this results in implementation and standardization strategies. Current research also show that, “targeting implementation also implies developing media and message strategies to reach each selected segment”(Johansson, 2009). Team A will construct a document that reviews the implementation strategy for their products which includes the protocol to be used in the global standardization of the merchandise. Factors influencing local and foreign buyer behavior There are many factors that could influence the local and foreign buyer behavior but in this paper, we will focus on four major aspects of influencing. The four key components that we will elaborate on are Cultural, Social, Personal, and Psychological factors. These four key components can be interchanged on the local and foreign buyers market. Understand these particular factors will not only be a good basis for a successful product launch but it can also help bridge the gap within global affairs and communication. Cultural factors involve many situations depending on the country of orgin, or if there is a specific need for the product within that country. According to Perrau, Culture is essential when it comes to understanding the desires and behaviors of a consumer (Perrau 2013). Throughout his subsistence, a consumer will be influenced by his family, his friends, his cultural environment or society...
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...GUNG HO! CULTURAL ANALYSIS Michael Hamilton MKTG 3852 – Second Summer 2012 7/22/12 GUNG HO- CULTURAL ANALYSIS Cultural differences influence how business is conducted in today’s rapidly expanding global market. These cultural barriers affect human interactions through our perspective of one another, credibility, time frames, as well as through communication. The success of international business depends upon the ability to set aside our differences, unite and strengthen one another. Many of these challenges can be seen throughout the movie Gung Ho. The movie portrays the relationship between the Japanese and Americans in a lightly comically point of view through an auto factory. However, when comparing and contrasting the interactions of these two cultures, both in and out of the film, they’re dynamics of become more apparent. The connections and exchanges between the Japanese management team and the American workers throughout the film present examples for each of the five dimensions in Geert Hofstede’s cultural dynamics analysis: Individualism/Collectivism, Uncertainty Avoidance, Power Distance, Masculinity/Femininity, and the later added Long-term Orientation. I. Hofstede’s Cultural Dynamics The results from Hofstede’s analysis for the United States and Japan are in the following table. When comparing the two we see that the Americans have a highly individualistic, male reinforced, ambiguous, society with a slight hierarchy with a weak connection to tradition...
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...region. This shows how much the role of tourism industry can play in Singapore's economy. To ensure that tourism remains a key economic pillar, a bold target, Tourism 2015, was unveiled in the year 2005. The objectives of Singapore is to triple the tourism receipts to US$ 30 Billion, doubling visitor arrivals to 17 Million, and creating an additional 100,000 jobs in the services sector by 2015, according to "Opportunities in Singapore Tourism Industry (2007-2009)". Having all these advantages, the negatives are also a factor to look at so by doing this research; I will have a better view on the impacts, advantages and disadvantages in Singapore tourism industry. (Opportunities in Singapore Tourism Industry (2007-2009) - Market Research Reports - Research and Markets) Literature Review In the few books I have read like Tourism in South-East Asia, Tourism impacts, planning and management and Tourism management: managing for change. These books are written by the following authors...
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...Full Paper for IC2011 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON "India Emerging: Opportunities and Challenges" THEME Enablers to Development Sub-Themes Entrepreneurship Topic: Social Entrepreneurship Author 1*: Digvijay Singh Affiliation: Student of Department of Business Management NIT Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana E-mail: digvijay.singh572@gmail.com Author 2: Aakriti Mittal Affiliation: Student of Department of Business Management NIT Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana E-mail: aakriti21@gmail.com Author 3: Vaishali arora Affiliation: Student of Department of Business Management NIT Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana E-mail: vaishaliarora1@gmail.com *Author to contact in case of any query. Social entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship is a topic of interest to academics, business people, and governments around the world. The dynamism and vitality of entrepreneurship research is reflected in the flow of new ideas and themes in the entrepreneurship literature. For many, mainstream entrepreneurship is inextricably bound with the creation of new technology firms, however, this is only part of a wide and varied terrain. The focus of this paper is social entrepreneurship - those activities associated with the perception of opportunities to create...
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...tandfonline.com/loi/rjmm20 Evaluating market-segmentation research priorities: Targeting reemancipation Lee Quinn & Sally Dibb a b a b University of Liverpool, UK Open University Business School, UK Available online: 06 Dec 2010 To cite this article: Lee Quinn & Sally Dibb (2010): Evaluating market-segmentation research priorities: Targeting re-emancipation, Journal of Marketing Management, 26:13-14, 1239-1255 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2010.523010 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-andconditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Journal of Marketing Management Vol. 26, Nos. 13–14, December 2010, 1239–1255 Evaluating market-segmentation research priorities:...
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...This case study provides a glimpse at Research in Motion’s (RIM’s) entry into the Chinese market during a time when many distractions—principally a patent dispute with NTP—occupied management’s attention. Norm Lo had been in charge of the Asia Pacific region for eight months, though he had been with RIM for five years. Lo was successful in signing new partners throughout Asia, but China remained a difficult market to crack. One holdup was an impasse with regard to RIM’s use of encryption technology and the Chinese authorities’ desire to monitor e-mail traffic and content. Here the technical and political concerns were entangled. Even calling in Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty to pay the Chinese federal authorities a visit (during a trade mission) provided no resolution. To further complicate things, the entirety of RIM had until recently been preoccupied with the legal settlement with NTP in the United States. There was much concern that NTP’s patent infringement claims could sink or substantially stymie RIM’s economic progress. Even as the NTP matters were settled, additional distracting infringement suits arose. Those holding patents thought they could get rich just by having a lawyer knock on RIM’s door. The study shadows Norm Lo trying to bring BlackBerry’s entry into mainland China to fruition. Should he “play hardball?” Is slow and steady going to do it? Is RIM getting walked all over in China, or is this what an outside firm should expect? Wishful...
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...of inputs into outputs or products to be sold. This involves: * planning activities * purchasing inputs * managing inventory * selecting and implementing manufacturing processes * Developing strategies to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. | The strategic role of managementA strategic decision is one that affects the business in the long term. The strategic goals areto improve: * productivity * efficiency * quality of outputsTherefore, all strategic decisions will focus on lower costs to an industry benchmark through efficiency and producing a good or service that is different to and competitive against rivals in the market. There are 3 types of strategies that are commonly used by businesses to gain and maintain a competitive advantage. These are: * cost leadership * product differentiation * market segmentationcost leadershipA cost leadership strategy is where a business aims to be the lowest cost manufacturer within its industry. The products are the basic, no-frills type with fewer features, perhaps lower quality and using low-cost packaging. Low costs can be achieved through: * economies of scale in production and distribution, * access to cheaper raw materials * exclusive access to a large source of low cost inputs * Distributing the product using dealers who work with lower profit margins.The issues that operation mangers need to be aware are: * Competitors can use the same strategy and can achieve even lower costs * The...
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...CASE STUDY 129 BlackBerry in Red China: Research in Motion Navigates Institutional Barriers in an Emerging Market By Prescott C. Ensign Nicholas P. Robinson Research in Motion’s (RIM’s) entry into the Chinese market during a time when many distractions—principally a patent dispute with NTP—occupied management’s attention was not a foregone conclusion. China remained a difficult market to crack. One holdup was an impasse with regard to RIM’s use of encryption technology and the Chinese authorities’ desire to monitor e-mail traffic and content. Here the technical and political concerns were entangled. To further complicate things, the entirety of RIM had until recently been preoccupied with the legal settlement with NTP in the United States. Issues in this study highlight real-world dilemmas in a thriving firm. The founders are still in charge, and new markets present themselves regularly. A very real challenge is divided attentions. The standstill over market entry calls for integrative thinking—bringing together disparate and contradictory elements for resolution. RIM’s way out will invariably involve embracing complex relationships in order to find a resolution to the various conflicting institutional forces. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Correspondence to: Prescott C. Ensign, University of Ottawa, Telfer School of Management, 55 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa ON, K1N 6N5, Canada, 613.562.5800 x4925 (phone), ensign@telfer.uOttawa.ca. Published online in Wiley InterScience...
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...Guide to International Trade Supporting your global ambitions Contents Foreword Section 1: Section 2: Section 3: RBS: Supporting your business Research insights Overview to trade International trade explained A guide to transportation A guide to trade documentation A guide to payment methods A guide to bonds and guarantees A guide to foreign exchange What the experts say Overcoming the barriers to foreign trade – top tips from RBS UK Trade & Investment (UKTI) – why businesses should look to export British Chambers of Commerce – finding new markets British Exporters Association Key contacts Supporting your international trade ambitions, whatever your business Index 1 3 7 13 14 19 22 28 32 34 37 39 42 45 48 51 52 55 Section 4: Section 5: Section 6: Foreword The current economic environment has certainly presented UK businesses with some challenges, but it has also offered immense opportunity as well. The appeal of overseas markets has never been greater and, for British companies looking to buy or sell outside the UK, now is undoubtedly the time to explore that opportunity. That’s why I’m delighted to share this Guide to International Trade with you. It contains a wealth of useful information about how to trade internationally, including insights into research we have conducted among UK businesses, and informative articles from prominent trade bodies such as UK Trade & Investment, the British Chambers of Commerce and the British Exporters Association. Our recent...
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...can extend our knowledge of globalization. The volume explores both the political economy of globalization and the relationship of culture to globalization. The volume is designed so it may be used independently, or alongside George Ritzer’s Globalization: A Basic Text for a complete student resource. 2010 • 560 pages • 978-1-4051-3273-2 • paperback Order together and save! Quote ISBN 978-1-4443-2371-9 GLOBALIZATION THE ESSENTIALS GEORGE RITZER A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2011 © 2011 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Edition history: portions of this text appeared in Globalization: A Basic Text (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West...
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...marketing as a process. Marketing research specifies the information required to address these issues, designs the method for collecting information, manages and implements the data collection process, analyzes the results, and communicates the findings and their implications.”[1] It is the systematic gathering, recording, and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data about issues relating to marketing products and services. The goal of marketing research is to identify and assess how changing elements of the marketing mix impacts customer behavior. The term is commonly interchanged with market research; however, expert practitioners may wish to draw a distinction, in that market research is concerned specifically with markets, while marketing research is concerned specifically about marketing processes.[2] Marketing research is often partitioned into two sets of categorical pairs, either by target market: • Consumer marketing research, and • Business-to-business (B2B) marketing research Or, alternatively, by methodological approach: • Qualitative marketing research, and • Quantitative marketing research 1 Role The task of marketing research (MR) is to provide management with relevant, accurate, reliable, valid, and current information. Competitive marketing environment and the ever-increasing costs attributed to poor decision making require that marketing research provide sound information. Sound decisions are not based on gut feeling, intuition, or even pure judgment. Marketing managers...
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...Sustainability Research Sustainability is of increasing significance for businesses, communities, and national economies around the globe. Sustainability addresses economic, environmental, and social issues, but it also incorporates cultural dimensions. In the face of globalisation, societies seek to preserve their cultural values and community identity, while still participating in the global economy. In New Zealand the importance of sustainability issues has been recognised by central and local government policies, environmental and economic development agencies, and business leaders. Two of the active business groups focusing on these issues are the New Zealand Business Council for Sustainable Development (NZBCSD) and the Sustainable Business Network (SBN). Waikato Management School is working in partnership with both of these key business groups on sustainability projects and events. The aim of these initiatives is to develop and share insights on sustainable economic development and sustainable enterprise success. The Waikato Management School is distinctive in its commitment ‘to inspire the world with fresh understandings of sustainable success’. These fresh understandings will be achieved through our high quality research that can influence policy makers, excellent teaching, through the knowledge and values our graduates take into the workforce, through our continued consulting with business and the outstanding experiences offered to everyone who connects...
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...discuss three questions: (1) What is a cosmopolitan sociology? (2) What is a cosmopolitan society? (3) Who are the enemies of cosmopolitan societies? What is a Cosmopolitan Sociology? Let me start by attempting to nail a pudding to the wall, that is, defining the key terms ‘globalization’ and ‘cosmopolitanization’. At the beginning of the 21st century the conditio humana cannot be understood nationally or locally but only globally. ‘Globalization’ is a non-linear, dialectic process in which the global and the local do not exist as cultural polarities but as combined and mutually implicating principles. These processes involve not only interconnections across boundaries, but transform the quality of the social and the political inside nation-state societies. This is what I define as ‘cosmopolitanization’: cosmopolitanization means internal globalization, globalization from within the national societies. This transforms everyday consciousness and identities significantly. Issues of global concern are becoming part of the everyday local experiences and the ‘moral life-worlds’ of the people. They introduce significant conflicts all over the world. To treat these profound ontological changes simply as myth relies on a superficial and unhistorical understanding of ‘globalization’, the misunderstandings of neoliberal globalism. The study of globalization and globality, cosmopolitanization and cosmopolitanism constitutes a revolution in the social sciences (Beck, 2000a, 2002a; Cheah and Robbins...
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...understanding of communications technologies and the content they watch and listen to either through broadcasting or online. Ofcom defines media literacy as the ability to access, understand and create communications in a variety of contexts. We have published our strategy and priorities for the promotion of media literacy and these can be found on our website. In October 2004 we commissioned Professor David Buckingham and Professor Sonia Livingstone to report on recent relevant academic and other publicly-available research into children’s and adults’ media literacy respectively. The purpose of this work was to outline the range of studies conducted, the gaps in research, provide examples of innovative methodologies, and outline possible barriers and enablers to media literacy identified by these studies. These reviews have admirably fulfilled their task, and provide a stimulating point of departure for informing and refining research strategies and methodologies. Some of the recommendations can be taken forward by Ofcom; others may be more relevant to other stakeholders including content producers, broadcasters, platform and network providers, educators, government departments, parents, children’s charities and other organisations. The assumptions,...
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...3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page i International Human Resource Management 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page ii 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iii second edition International Human Resource Management edited by A n n e - Wi l H a r z i n g J o r i s Va n R u y s s e v e l d t SAGE Publications London l Thousand Oaks l New Delhi 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iv © Anne-Wil Harzing and Joris van Ruysseveldt, 2004 First published 2004 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Olivers Yard London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 100 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 4039 1 ISBN 0 7619 4040 5 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number...
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