...Introduction As America’s educational system continues to strengthen and develop, a focus on individualized instruction and intervention within the regular education classroom has been brought forth in an attempt to keep struggling students from falling behind. This specific additional instruction and intervention, known as Response to Intervention in most states (RtI), is not only viewed as a push towards the improvement of education for all students, but is also being used as the means by which decisions regarding a student’s special education eligibility is based upon. However, for such a program to ultimately be beneficial, it will be up to the schools to ensure that the education professionals are putting forth significant effort in using the most appropriate type of intervention for that specific student. It will be the RtI team’s duty to define the student’s problem, plan an intervention, implement the intervention, and regularly evaluate the student’s progress (Martinez & Young, 2011, p. 44). Various interventions should be attempted if the scheduled improvement is not initially apparent. Statement of the Problem The groundbreaking passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act in 1975, the long overdue act which provided official protection of the rights and individual needs of those with disabilities within the educational system, sparked the remarkable increase of students being quickly diagnosed with a learning disability in whatever subject the...
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...The Reality of Quick Response (QR) in the Japanese Fashion Sector and the Strategy Ahead for the Domestic SME Apparel Manufacturers Nobby (Nobukaza) Azuma School of Management Heriot-Watt University UK E-mail: nobukaza@aol.com N.Azuma@hw.ac.uk Fax: +44-(0) 131-451-3498 Abstract Quick Response (QR) has long been perceived as the essential survival strategy of the textile and apparel (T-A) manufacturers in the developed economies against offshore competition. However, the regionalization of global economies and active governmental investment in the T-A industry in the offshore countries has allowed the offshore QR to become increasingly feasible. This changing facet of QR may spell out more lucrative opportunities for Japanese "apparel firms", which have predominantly in-house creative and marketing functions, to widen the scope and the scale of their fashion business operations, since the economic upgrading in the Pacific Rim will create a huge consumer market that shares similar fashion trends as in the Japanese market. However, the apparel firms' production shift offshore has, on the other hand, threatened the existence of the domestic SME apparel manufacturers that have traditionally served their apparel firms customers, now that QR is no longer the sustainable competitive advantage of domestic manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to explore the levels of QR implementation, identifying the potential pitfalls and drawbacks of the current QR initiatives in the Japanese...
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...Introduction This lab deals with the concept of frequency response. During steady state, sinusoidal inputs to a linear system will generate sinusoidal responses of the same frequency, but of different amplitude and phase angles. This is due to a time lag between input and output generated. These differences are functions of frequency. In this experiment, the frequency response test is used to identify the (linear) dynamics of a plant. It is performed by inputting a sinusoidal signal and comparing it with the sinusoidal output. Objective of Experiment 1. To perform a frequency response test on an aircraft electro-hydraulic servo-actuator, hence determining the phase and gain margins of the servo-actuator. 2. To verify that increasing the gain by the gain margin causes instability. Equipment and Apparatus 1. Electro-hydraulic servo-actuator 2. Amplifier unit 3. Oscilloscope (CRO) 4. Function generator (FG) 5. Hydraulic power supply (outside laboratory) Background of Experiment This experiment utilizes a servo mechanism which is an automatic device that takes advantage of error-sensing feedback to correct and amplify the signal. The servo system comprises of a servo-actuator and an amplifier unit. In aircrafts, a similar system is used to convert electrical autopilot voltage outputs into a proportional mechanical movement. The mechanical movement is linked to the control rods, which controls the equipment the pilot uses to move the plane...
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...Response to Intervention (RTI): The Saving Grace of Special Education Regent University December 1, 2015 Abstract For years, special education has been bombarded with increased referrals of students for services, consistent behavior issues with identified students, and the lack of academic progress made by students with disabilities. The implementation of a multi-tiered intervention strategy, such as Response to Intervention (RTI), improves the quality of the referral process, decreases instances of behavior issues, and improves academic outcomes for students receiving special education services. In an effort to organize and implement delivery of social, behavioral, and academic supports, many schools have adopted a tiered Response to Intervention (RTI) framework. Special educators indicated some barriers to effective implementation of a multi-tiered intervention strategy such as RTI. Teachers listed multiple barriers, however, they also indicated several perceived benefits to themselves and to students from the RTI procedures. If you have ever been at the pool or lake and witnessed someone drowning, your first instinct is to get that person some help! That help may consist of you calling for a lifeguard, throwing that person a lifesaver, or going in yourself to save the individual that is drowning. The introduction of multi-tiered instructional systems and the impact it has had on special education is just like that lifesaver. For years, special education has been...
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...Response to Intervention (RTI) is a multi-tier approach to the early identification and support of students with learning and behavior needs. The RTI process begins with high-quality instruction and universal screening of all children in the general education classroom. Struggling learners are provided with interventions at increasing levels of intensity to accelerate their rate of learning. These services may be provided by a variety of personnel, including general education teachers, special educators, and specialists. Progress is closely monitored to assess both the learning rate and level of performance of individual students. Educational decisions about the intensity and duration of interventions are based on individual student response to instruction. RTI is designed for use when making decisions in both general education and special education, creating a well-integrated system of instruction and intervention guided by child outcome data. For RTI implementation to work well, the following essential components must be implemented with fidelity and in a rigorous manner: High-quality, scientifically based classroom instruction. All students receive high-quality, research-based instruction in the general education classroom. Ongoing student assessment. Universal screening and progress monitoring provide information about a student’s learning rate and level of achievement, both individually and in comparison with the peer group. These data are then used when determining...
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...Response To Intervention EDU620 March 11, 2013 Abstract Throughout the years, educators and administrators have embraced the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and Response to Intervention (RTI). These two methods, when coupled together, complement one another because they both are a usable tool that captures all students’ progress whether they are a struggler or not. However, it has been founded that RTI combines both intervention and assessments to create a prevention process that could possibly enhance students’ growth and decrease any behavioral problems. Responses to Intervention have been proven to be a positive resource when working along with any technological tools or resources, which students have accessible to them in the classroom. Introduction The earlier the intervention the greater the chance a struggling child will have of overcoming any learning challenges he may encounter. All students should have the opportunity to excel within the classroom. When implemented, Response to intervention (RTI) can decrease some of the barriers that may be obstacles for some children. The paper will outline findings about RTI, how it supports assistive technology, and the outcome when RTI is not utilized in the learning environment. Summary of RTI Findings Response to intervention has been around for quite a while. Its purpose is to offer a high level of pertinent instruction based on a child’s needs....
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...imagine themselves at the church. The story captured my imagination, drawing me into the slavery time period. It was curiosity and emotion that drew me into the character. It provided me with a desire to escape a present association. This literary piece motivated me to continue to understand the heartache, pain and torment African American slaves endured. The connections I make to the characters are to change how the elderly and seniors are cared for, thought of and treated by society in general. Additional comparisons are made to current ambiguous societal racial tendencies. The analytical approach used to analyze this short story will be the reader-response methodology. There are two analytical theories that can be applied to “The Welcome Place”. One is the reader-response and the other is the formalist approach. In the reader-response approach the reader is drawn into a different time period through their imagination. The reader has to transmit themselves into the...
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...Brittany Charpentier 18 October 2011 Reader Response Criticism of James Joyce’s “Araby” Though there are many different theories to interpret the short story “Araby” I have chosen a reader response theory known as transactional reader response. In doing so I hope to show the connection between text and reader and how our emotions and state of mind directly reflect on how we interpret works of literature. In transactional reader response theory, presented by both Louise Rosenblatt and Wolfgang Iser, I will be using the text of “Araby” as my blueprint to guide me to my conclusions and how I interpret the text. According to Iser the text provides readers with two kinds of meanings determinate and indeterminate: “Determinate meaning refers to what might be called the facts of the text, certain events in the plot or physical descriptions clearly provided by the words on the page. In indeterminate meaning or indeterminacy, refers to “gaps” in the text – such as actions that are not clearly explained or seem to have multiple explanations…” (Tyson 174) By using both indeterminate and determinate meanings within the blueprint of “Araby” I will construct and describe the reading process I undertake. In the beginning of the blueprint we are introduced to the narrator’s surroundings in which he lives. He describes the street he lives on as isolated and goes on to include telling of the previous owner of the house being a deceased priest. The surroundings of the narrator and the...
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...Community Preparedness and Response NUR/408 Community Preparedness and Response This paper discusses The Neighborhood - Pearson Health Science season two, episode five at the University of Phoenix student website. The examination of the actions of health care workers in response to the health concerns of key characters will be highlighted including the community hospital, senior center, school, and the Bley household. The role of the preparedness of the public health agencies, who initially responded to the community emergency, and who should monitor the effects on the community health will be assessed. Identification of how public health care teams can enhance the citizens’ preparedness for emergencies will be explored as well as suggestions to improve personal preparedness in a similar community emergent event. The Neighborhood The Neighborhood has a population of 64,200 including all ages from zero to over 90 years-old. An uncontrolled forest fire has been burning for over five days. As firefighters battle the fire, city officials state the community is not in any danger. However, the thick smoke is covering the town. The healthcare workers are working hard to treat people of the community with chronic lung problems (Pearson Health Science, 2009). Hospital The local hospital is a 362 inpatient bed facility (Pearson Health Science, 2009). The raging fire has the emergency room and local offices seeing an increase of patients suffering breathing problems...
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...Why do certain foods or smells elicit emotional responses? Every person has an emotional response to one or more particular foods. The response may be negative or positive depending on the situation that may have occurred with the food present. For instance a person may perk up while smelling coffee or someone may feel nauseated by just looking at a hamburger. These reactions are conditioned responses (CR) toward conditioned stimulus’ (CS) that were previously unconditioned. A conditioned response is a learned reflexive response to a conditioned stimulus. Before someone has the reaction to perk up from the scent of coffee, they first must go through a conditioning phase to associate coffee with feeling energetic. This is also called classical conditioning: the basic learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with a response-producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the same response. The unconditioned stimulus is coffee and the unconditioned response is energy to wake up or perk up for the day. During each morning a person may groggily get out of bed and begin brewing coffee. He or she pours a cup and begin to awaken more from the ingested caffeine. If done on a constant basis that person will begin associating the tastes and smells of coffee (CS) with being energetic (CR); even though the effects of caffeine takes 20 minutes to begin working. Another conditioned response could be feeling nauseated at the sight or smell...
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...The Sexual Response Cycle PSY/210 November 5, 2011 The Sexual Response Cycle The sexual response cycle is used to describe the different phases both men and women experience when sexually aroused. The cycle refers to the “sequence of physical and emotional changes that occur as a person becomes sexually aroused and participates in sexually stimulating activities, including intercourse and masturbation.” WebMD (2005-2011). The cycle is broken down into four different phases. The excitement phase, the plateau phase, the orgasmic phase, and the resolution phase Nevid and Rathus (2005). Below, I will break each phase down and describe how they affect both men and women and the similarities they have. The Excitement Phase The first phase of the sexual response cycle is the excitement phase. In this first phase an engorgement of blood vessels, also called vasocongestion, begins after 3 to 8 seconds for men and 10 to 30 seconds for women after erotic physical or mental stimulation Nevid and Rathus (2005). This is the phase where the body prepares for sexual intercourse. The male testes rise and the skin on the scrotum thickens and tenses. The vasocongestion results in erection for males. The female also experiences vasocongestion by swelling in the clitoris, vaginal tissues, and areas around the vagina. This phase also makes the skin flush and rosy. It is more noticeable in females. Males and female both experience their nipples becoming erect and harden as well as a blood...
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...Running Head: Emergency Preparedness and Response Emergency Preparedness and Response Michelle Gage NURS408 Epidemiology: Global and Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Emergency preparedness is a key factor in helping with disasters and emergent issues that happen around the world. Emergency preparedness requires attention not just to specific types of hazards but also to steps that increase preparedness for any type of hazard (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). It is important that all the population be aware of what to do in an event or who to contact if they notice a particular event about to happen or happening. In the pre-event preparation stage, much training, information, and safety are critical to minimizing deaths and injuries that occur from emergencies. One type of situation that could occur and cause chaos is a neighborhood forest fire. Numerous people could respond to this event to aid in the public’s needs and to help prevent further complications or exacerbations of medical problems. In the Neighborhood News it was a focus on the forest fire that was still occurring near this town. Kate, RN was discussing how she is overwhelmed with the amount of admissions that they have on the medical unit. This was caused from the exacerbation of emphysema and asthma because of the neighborhood forest fires. The entire unit of staff were feeling tired and morale was decreased lately. Pat, nurse manager for the medical...
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...Fight or flight response I am sure that you are familiar with the fight or flight response? This is a natural response to danger (stress) of us all – humans and animals alike. Imagine the following scenario: A zebra is peacefully grazing in a savanna. A lion is slowly approaching. At the last moment, the zebra spots it and activates the fight or flight response in order to save itself from the predator. It escapes. At the same moment, the lion also activates this response, but for different reasons – to catch a prey. Five minutes later, after danger is gone, the zebra continues grazing peacefully. This’s the key! When the fight or flight response is activated, the body facilitates all the energy in order to survive. This energy is redirected...
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...Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Paper In this paper the subjects to discuss are newspaper articles and scenarios given in season two, episode five of Pearson Health Science Neighborhood in the course materials section of University of Phoenix student Website. A fire began in the Neighborhood community and the residents developed respiratory problems related to the smoke. The fire is not contained even after five days (Pearson health science, 2011). The community needs an emergency preparedness and response plan. Local, state, and national public health agencies such as the Red Cross, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and local and state EMS should have participated in this emergency situation. Summary of event Neighborhood is a community located near a forest and along the bank of the river with a population of 64, 200 residents. A forest fire has been raging for five days and is nearing the town of Neighborhood, destroying numerous acres of land. Firefighters are battling to obtain control of the forest fire, whereas the health care workers are battling to keep the patients breathing. The seniors are coming to the senior center clinic with breathing problems, and the hospital is overcrowded with patients with breathing issues. The hospital has shortage of staffs and the quality of care is law. The city officials are urging the citizens to stay indoors and not to go out unless it is necessary because winds are blowing the smoke toward the town...
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...Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Paper NUR/408 April 2, 2012 University of Phoenix Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Paper Firefighters cannot contain a forest fire that has been blazing for five days. The risk of the fire is not life-threaten but citizens are encouraged to remain indoors unless necessary to leave home because of the smoky winds. The smoke from the fire is affecting many of the residents in the community, especially those with preexisting lung diseases. The local hospital is full and the emergency room is over crowed. Patients are in need of beds in the hospital. The entire staff is stressed and pressed to discharge patients quickly to make room for patients holding in the emergency room. In addition nursing staff is required to work overtime to meet the needs of the community. Next, the Neighborhood Senior Nursing Clinic has seen more seniors than usual this week because of the smoky winds. Many of the seniors have needed to use their oxygen more often than usual this week. The seniors have been advised by the nurse Karen at the Neighborhood Senior Nursing Clinic to stay indoors to avoid respiratory irritants. Unfortunately, there had been an increase in seniors coming to the clinic in the past couple of years related to lack of extracurricular activities available to seniors in the community. After that a second grade student at the neighborhood school was sent to the school nurse because of difficulty breathing. She was noted...
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