...The Gender Politics of Narrative Modes I want to challenge two linked assumptions that most historians and critics of the English novel share. The first is that the burgeoning of capitalism and the ascension of the middle classes were mainly responsible for the development of the novel. The second is that realism represents the novel's dominant tradition. [note 1] I want to propose instead that, as surely as it marked a response to developing class relations, the novel came into being as a response to the sex-gender system that emerged in England in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. [note 2] My thesis is that from its inception, the novel has been structured not by one but by two mutually defining traditions: the fantastic and the realistic. [note 3] The constitutive coexistence of these two impulses within a single, evolving form is in no sense accidental: their dynamic interaction was precisely the means by which the novel, from the eighteenth century on, sought to manage the strains and contradictions that the sex-gender system imposed on individual subjectivities. For this reason, to recover the centrality of sex and gender as the novel's defining concern is also to recover the dynamism of its bimodal complexity. Conversely, to explore the interplay of realist and fantastic narratives within the novelistic tradition is to explore the indeterminacy of subjectivities engaged in the task of imposing and rebelling against the constraining order of gender difference. ...
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...Title: Stories of Narratives: On Social Scientific Uses of Narrative in Multiple Disciplines Author: John Bryce Merrill Date: 02/09/2015 Name: Angela Uchechukwu Nwude A Critical Response Paper to Stories of Narratives: On Social Scientific Uses of Narrative in Multiple Disciplines In his article titled, Stories of Narratives: On Social Scientific Uses of Narratives in Multiple Disciplines, John Bryce Merrill, sought to explore how narrative is understood and used by scholars in multiple disciplines to address social scientific issues. To arrive at this objective, the he applied a systematic method of data collection using a grounded theory approach. The data constituted mainly of literature written by scholars of various discipline on the social scientific uses of narrative. An Inductive analysis of the data revealed substantial similarities in the way narrative is applied to social scientific issues across various disciplines, hence what narrative does and can do across disciplines. The writer examined these similarities, under three emergent themes, which shall form the fulcrum of this critical discourse. Narrative as a tool for the construction of self and social reality According to the writer, narrative play a privileged role in the process of self-construction. Individuals tend to construct stories and accounts of their lives through interactions, telling and other communicational skills called narrative. In telling these stories they create, restructure and represent...
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...rhetorical strategies such as using a narrative, imagery, and fictional and relatable stories. Louv states “our experience of natural landscape ‘often occurs within an automobile...
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...Through the major female influence present in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Pearl Poet establishes women as powerful and essential. Lady Bercilak serves as a major plot component. In part four of the narrative, her husband tells Gawain “that belt you’re wearing… my wife gave it to you” (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 2358-2359). While revealing his elaborate trick to Sir Gawain, Bercilak states that his wife gifted the green belt to Gawain. When he did not return the belt to Bercilak at the end of the third day, Lady Bercilak had succeeded in her job of tempting Gawain into choosing his own life over his code of chivalry. This revelation shows the cunning nature of Lady Bercilak. Although it seemed as though the lady had been simply...
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...A novel is a long prose narrative that describes fictional characters and events, usually in the form of a sequential story. The genre has historical roots in antiquity and the fields ofmedieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella. The latter, an Italian word used to describe short stories, supplied the present generic English term in the 18th century. Further definition of the genre is historically difficult. The construction of the narrative, theplot, the relation to reality, the characterization, and the use of language are usually discussed to show a novel's artistic merits. Most of these requirements were introduced to literary prose in the 16th and 17th centuries, in order to give fiction a justification outside the field of factual history. ------------------------------------------------- Definition[edit] Gerard ter Borch, young man reading a book c.1680, the format is that of a French period novel. | Madame de Pompadourspending her afternoon with a book, 1756 – religious and scientific reading has a differenticonography. | The fictional narrative, the novel's distinct "literary" prose, specific media requirements (the use of paper and print), a characteristic subject matter that creates intimacy, and length can be seen as features that developed with the Western (and modern) market of fiction. The separation of the field of literary fiction from the field of historical narrative fueled the evolution of these features in the last 400 years...
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...INTRODUCTION Purpose/Justification Problems related to reading comprehension have been besetting both private and public educational institutions all over the country. In the Philippine setting evidences revealed that 2009, 2010 and 2011 NAT results exemplified that the second year students struggled much on reading comprehension as shown by the three mean percentage scores in English subject. In particular, the mean percentage scores of Macario B. Asistio Sr. High School—Unit I for the school years 2008-2009; 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 are 43.11, 36.57 and 36.60 respectively (Department of Educational Testing and Research Center, 2009; 2010; 2011). Likewise, comprehension related studies conducted locally have verified and supported that the students showed difficulty in reading comprehension (Columna, 2013; Ayles, 2009 and Dela Cruz, 2004). In a study conducted by Columna (2013), results revealed that the students were struggling to comprehended texts in their L2 with majority of them fall under instructional level and a significant of them fall under frustration level. In the same manner, Dela Cruz (2004) found that the students in the secondary level have difficulties in reading materials in the content areas especially in Mathematics and Science. The researcher posits that these comprehension problems have rooted from the questioning pedagogical strategy employed by the teachers. Chin (2002) found that questions, particularly those asked in response to wonderment, stimulate...
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...Realistically, a petty decision such as this seems almost inconsequential in the grand scheme of one’s entire life. Is there some sort consequential impression upon one’s future from the outcome of one decision? Perhaps the CYOA structure highlights the causal structures and limited paths that the character is forced into by this decision and eliminating the others from the equation. The CYOA structure elevates the novel from a normal, active linear reading of textual narrative to one characterized by Dovey and Kennedy as an interactive experience. Dovey and Kennedy assign the audience the role of “users” rather than “viewers” or “readers” due to the particular way the media is played with (Dovey and Kennedy). The interactive processes through...
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...evokes emotions of joy, nervousness or anger, forcing us to reassess the value of previous perspectives. Robert Gray’s poem, “The Meatworks”, and Tim Winton’s novel, “The Riders,” explore the view that discovery is a process, with the protagonists reflecting on the moral conflict that has developed from events in their lives, compelling them to reassess their needs and desires. Perspectives are often challenged over time, as a result of a better understanding of surroundings, causing re-evaluation of our circumstances. The persona in “The Meatworks” experiences conflict between his love for nature and his workplace, the abattoir, which causes a re-evaluation of his personal morals. To reconcile his passion for nature, he “settles for one of the lowest-paid jobs.” A brutal, one-dimensional version of manliness is revealed in the animalistic imagery evoked from “gnawed it hysterically,”...
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...therapy, Narrative Reconstruction (NR) aims to “create a cohesive and chronological narrative of the trauma while simultaneously addressing the personal significance of the trauma and integrating it in the patient’s autobiographical memories” (Peri and Gofman, 2014). The patients are often encouraged to recall and write about the trauma in an organized manner to identify the thoughts they relate to the event (Vitelli, 2014 pg. 203) and confront the negativity by consolidating every detail of the trauma to fully comprehend the situation. PTSD patients suffer from difficulty in recalling coherent images of the trauma due to: “Confused temporal order, unfinished thoughts, and inability to recall important details,...
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...networks Facebook, Twitter, Google, and Tumblr. In this book, focusing on the ninth threshold of social networks and the technological self, we notice the influence of technology on societal construction and deconstruction of privacy and the nature of democracy impacting humanity’s digital life. Set in an undefined future time, Eggers’s novel tells the story of Mae Holland, a young idealist who comes to work at the Circle, an immensely powerful technology company that has conquered all its competitors by creating a single log-in for people to search, shop and socialize online. The company demands transparency in all things; two if its many slogans are “secrets are lies and privacy is theft.” Anonymity is banished; everyone’s past is revealed; everyone’s present may be broadcast live in video and sound. Nothing recorded will ever be erased. The Circle’s goal is to have all aspects of human existence -from voting to love affairs -flow through its portal. Eggers explores the possibilities of fascinating possibilities of technological advances, but point out the many consequences it may encounter. The root of all the privacy controversy begins with an invention that one of the...
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...short narrative “Girl” the duties and responsibilities that are associated with being a woman are discussed, and Junot Diaz’s “How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie” dictates how to date women that are ethnically and racially different. These two stories, share some similarities such as point of view but are...
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...Grounded theory analysis of the data revealed that individuals perceive members of law enforcement in the following ways: (a) contempt for law enforcement, (b) suspicion of law enforcement, (c) law enforcement as agents of brutality, and (d) respect for law enforcement. The "suspicion of law enforcement" theme is words and/or phrases related to thoughts, feelings, or beliefs that members of law enforcement directly or indirectly engage in police brutality and/or condone the brutal actions of other members of law enforcement. The "law enforcement as agents of brutality" theme was related to words and/or phrases related to members of law enforcement directly or indirectly witnessing acts of brutality perpetrated by one or more members of law enforcement against citizens....
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...treasure in which Japanese culture and wisdom is portray through. It is the victories, and failures of these heroes that teach the world of Japanese traditions and honor. However, these men were not created for the education of the world, but rather for the centuries of Japanese people whom these figures represent. Warrior tales of Minamoto no Tametomo, Minamoto no Yoshitomo, Minamoto no Yoshinaka, and Minamoto no Yoshitsune have a greater purpose than to provide entertainment to the people of Japan, these men provide a Japanese education on personality, values, morals, and Japanese customs. The three types of heroes that Varley examines in his book differ from each other slightly, but contribute greatly to the history of Japan in an exciting narrative of the honor and customs of the ancient Japanese warrior. The greatest loser-hero in Hōgen Monogatari is Minamoto no Tametomo (Varley, 56). A real life Japanese warrior, Minatomo was contributed with a number of attributes that are believed to have been not true in the effort to immortalize him as a warrior. Said to have stood two feet taller than the normal Japanese man, and endowed with a left arm six inches longer than the other – making his ability to shoot a bow an amazing and powerful feat – Tametomo was a grand character of Japanese imagination. His ability to wage battle made him an esteemed Japanese warrior, and this is important in regards to Japanese war customs in which many times the most elite warrior of each side would...
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...decisions will have an underlying impact upon the rest of the narrative. If you choose to turn away the cigarette, the next scene underscores your continued excellence at Marlings, cultivating your scholastic endeavors and sense of self-righteousness. If you choose to pretend to smoke, the next lexia describes your imminent death before reaching forty years old as a result of your long-term smoking addiction, which has caught up to you. Interestingly, if you take the bad choice, you still make it to college and are even ahead of the pack, thinking back to that moment when you took the cigarette drag and swore to never touch one again after your coughing fit. Realistically, a petty decision such as this seems almost inconsequential in the grand schema of one’s entire life. Is there some sort consequential impression upon one’s future from the outcome of one decision? Perhaps the CYOA structure highlights the causal structures and limited paths that the character is forced onto by this decision and eliminating the others from the equation. The CYOA structure elevates the novel from a normal, active linear reading of textual narrative to one characterized by Dovey and Kennedy as an interactive experience. Dovey and Kennedy assign the audience the role of “users” rather than “viewers” or “readers” due to the particular way the media is played with (Dovey and Kennedy). The interactive processes through the branching narratives, whereby the reader can “intervene and change the text as...
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...Why it matters? It's a mystery of literature involving a man of words. Words which caused uproar back in 1789. The British readers were captivated by his personal experience of being enslaved at age 11, kidnapped from Nigeria, and brought into slavery of a New World in a terror-filled ship. Equiano's tale is viewed as an authoritative description of the villainous Middle Passage, one of the very first narratives from a slave, a story that gave the hatchling abolitionist movement a buzzing moral influence; except it may not be exact. Therein lays the mystery: Because if the gentleman who penned "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavas Vassa, the African" was not born in Africa, but rather born into slavery in South Carolina -- as Vincent Carretta suggests -- then who was he? Where did he learn to speak fluent Igbo? And how did he obtain such agonizing details about life aboard an 18th-century slave vessel? The air soon became unfit for respiration, from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died, thus falling victims to the improvident avarice, as I may call it, of their purchasers. This wretched situation was again aggravated by the galling of the chains. . . . The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole a scene of horror almost inconceivable. (Equiano, 1789) In that lies the controversy: Carretta's findings, detailed in his biography of Equiano, have ignited a blaze...
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