...[pic] Reverse Engineering a New Trend in Manufacturing [pic] Authors T.Dhamotharakumar* N.S.Ramesh* dhamotharan007@gmail.com nsrmechanical@gmail.com * Under graduate Student, K.S.R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode Department of Mechanical Engineering [pic] Abstract With the significant capital investment in new equipment being placed into out years, more systems need to be maintained in their present condition for longer periods of time. There are often gaps in the technical support information needed to maintain a system built from older designs using outmoded or updated techniques or materials. In some situations, designers give a shape to their ideas by using clay, plaster, wood, or foam rubber, but a CAD model is needed to enable the manufacturing of the part. As products become more organic in shape, designing in CAD may be challenging or impossible. There is no guarantee that the CAD model will be acceptably close to the sculpted model. Reverse engineering provides a solution to this problem because the physical model is the source of information for the CAD model. This is also referred to as the part-to-CAD process. "Reverse Engineering is the process of taking a finished product and reconstructing design data in a format from which new parts or molds can be produced."-The Society of Manufacturing Engineers Key Words: Reverse Engineering, CAD, Modeling and manufacturing. ...
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...Reverse engineering is the process of figuring out how something works by taking it apart piece by piece. Although this can be done with just about anything that you build; such as car engines, TVs, robotics, etc. when it comes to computers it originally was used to on the hardware end of things. Now that it is applied to the software end of things as well companies can use it as a way to learn and make new products more compatible with other products already out there. When it comes to reverse engineering software there are many benefits. Many people use it as a learning tool to better understand what they are trying to build and what their product is competing with. Some of the benefits of reverse engineering software would be to make products that are new and cheaper than the ones that came before. This way a company is able to take a product that is already out on the market and take it apart piece by piece and see how it works so they can rebuild it cheaper and more efficiently. One famous example of reverse engineering is in the mid-1980s Phoenix Technologies Ltd wanted to produce a BIOS for PCs that would be compatible with the IBM PCs proprietary BIOS. To protect themselves from any charges of illegally copying their BIOS they used what is called a clean room. With the clean room approach there are two teams; one that studies the BIOS that they are trying to recreate and they come up with a detailed report of what it is exactly the BIOS does without using any of the...
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...“Reverse engineering is the process of extracting the knowledge or design blueprints from anything man-made. Reverse engineering is usually conducted to obtain missing knowledge, ideas, and design philosophy when such information is unavailable. In some cases, the information is owned by someone who isn't willing to share them. In other cases, the information has been lost or destroyed” (Eilam, 2005). The advantages and disadvantages of reverse engineering are as follows; Advantages * It helps in the evolving of existing computing systems. * “You can change a program's structure and thus directly affect its logical flow. Technically this activity is called patching, because it involves placing new code patches (in a seamless manner) over the original code” (Hoglund & McGraw, 2004). * As a learning tool * As a way to make new compatible products that are cheaper than what's currently on the market. (Schwartz, 2001) * For making software interoperate more effectively or to bridge different operating systems or databases. * To uncover the uncoordinated features of commercial products. Disadvantages * “Manually translated source code often retains the style and flavour of the original implementation”. (Byrne, 1991) * “The most commonly recognized problem with literal translation is summed up as: garbage in, garbage out. If the existing system is not well-structured, both in terms of its architecture and control-flow, then the resulting system will be of the same...
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...About the Tutorial Assembly language is a low-level programming language for a computer or other programmable device specific to a particular computer architecture in contrast to most high-level programming languages, which are generally portable across multiple systems. Assembly language is converted into executable machine code by a utility program referred to as an assembler like NASM, MASM, etc. Audience This tutorial has been designed for those who want to learn the basics of assembly programming from scratch. This tutorial will give you enough understanding on assembly programming from where you can take yourself to higher levels of expertise. Prerequisites Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of Computer Programming terminologies. A basic understanding of any of the programming languages will help you in understanding the Assembly programming concepts and move fast on the learning track. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt...
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...and algorithms are discussed in the sub-chapters which will develop a clear understanding of all the phases involved in implementation of the system. Phase 1 3.1 Reverse Engineering Reverse engineering is a process which involves breaking down of an object for the purpose of understanding how it works in order to duplicate and enhance the object. Reverse Engineering was originally applied only to hardware, but since its inception different techniques were invented and various tools became available in the market and now it is applied to software, databases...
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...Algorithm Work Bench * Write assignment statements that perform the following operations with the variables a, b, and c. a. Adds 2 to a and stores the result in b b. Multiplies b times 4 and stores the result in a c. Divides a by 3.14 and stores the result in b d. Subtracts 8 from b and stores the result in a Set b = 2 + a Set a = b * 4 Set b = a / 3.14 Set a = b – 8 * Assume the variables result, w, x, y, and z are all integers, and that w = 5, x = 4, y = 8, and z = 2. What value will be stored in result in each of the following statements? a. Set result = x + y b. Set result = z * 2 c. Set result = y / x d. Set result = y – z a. 12 b. 10 c. 2 d. 6 * Write a pseudocode statement that declares the variable cost so it can hold real numbers. Floating-point variable cost. * Write a pseudocode statement that declares the variable total so it can hold integers. Initialize the variable with the value 0. Declare total as integer = 0 * Write a pseudocode statement that assigns the value 27 to the variable count. count = 27 * Write a pseudocode statement that assigns the sum of 10 and 14 to the variable total. Declare total as integer = 0 set total = 10 + 14 * Write a pseudocode statement that subtracts the variable downPayment from the variable total and assigns the result to the variable due. Declare downPayment as integer Declare Total as integer Declare due as integer set due = total – downPayment * Write a pseudocode...
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...For our project we decided to disassemble and understand a Memphis 1 Channel Mono Block Amplifier. First we started by disassembling the amp down to the main circuit board. From there we assigned ourselves different components to understand what they were and how they worked inside the amp. We all researched our components and got back together to discuss and figure out the flow of power and operations of the amp worked. A general idea of what the amp does is as follows. Power comes into the inputs from the positive side of the car battery. A negative source comes from the car’s chassis to the negative terminal. The remote wire comes in from the head unit or source of sound to the remote input. When the source turns on, power runs from the remote wire to a relay inside that allows power to run through. Power then runs to various capacitors to store up power before running to the inductor that converts the power to usable power for the MOSFETs. As the power runs through the circuit, it eventually comes to resistors which slow up the current flow. Sound comes in through the inputs and to the MOSFET amplifiers. Then sound goes to the sound dampeners to clean the sound waves up before going to the sound outputs. To better understand the amp and its components we will branch off and explain each of the components and what they do. When a relay receives power, power runs through a set of coils and creates a magnetic field that actuates an arm inside and closes the circuit...
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...END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT VIRTUALLTEK FREE LICENSE (VFL) LICENSE AGREEMENT This is a legal agreement between you, the end user, and VirtuallTek. By installing and/or open the software you agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement. If you do not agree with the terms of this agreement, uninstall and/or delete the software immediately (including sub-systems to be installed for this). The software is free, so if you pay for it, contact us immediately with VirtuallTek. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION This is a unique work, created from 2008. The VirtuallTek has all rights to this work and want to keep it confidential to preserve his secret for possible commercial purposes. The VirtuallTek reserves the right to protect this work as an unpublished work in case of a deliberate or inadvertent unauthorized publication. The VirtuallTek also reserves the copyright laws for the right to protect this work as a published work. Those who have access to this work can not copy it, use it, or disclose the information contained therein without the written permission of VirtuallTek. Unauthorized use will result in legal proceedings. 1. Grant of License. The VirtuallTek grants you the right to use a sealed copy of the software in question (the SOFTWARE) on how many computers are needed. There are no limits to the application installations and instances. 2. Copyright. The SOFTWARE is owned by VirtuallTek and is protected by copyright laws of Brazil and International Treaties...
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...software and/or search agents provided by Richman or other generally available third party web browsers; •Send any unsolicited or unauthorized spam and spam comments on posts, advertising messages, promotional materials, email, junk mail, chain letters or other form of solicitation; •Send any unsolicited or unauthorized spam and spam comments on posts, advertising messages, promotional materials, email, junk mail, chain letters or other form of solicitation; •Use Richman user information to forge any TCP/IP packet header or any part of the header information in any email or newsgroup posting, or in any way use the Services to send altered, deceptive or false source-identifying information; •Attempt to decipher, decompile, disassemble or reverse engineer any of the software used to provide the Services; •Use Richman user information to forge any TCP/IP packet header or any part of the header information in any email or newsgroup posting, or in any way use the Services to send altered, deceptive or false source-identifying information; •Attempt to...
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...Exploring Reverse Engineering Reverse engineering can be viewed as the process of analyzing a system to: 1. Identify the system's components and their interrelationships 2. Create representations of the system in another form or a higher level of abstraction 3. Create the physical representation of that system. Reverse engineering is very common in such diverse fields as software engineering, entertainment, automotive, consumer products, microchips, chemicals, electronics, and mechanical designs. For example, when a new machine comes to market, competing manufacturers may buy one machine and disassemble it to learn how it was built and how it works. A chemical company may use reverse engineering to defeat a patent on a competitor's manufacturing process. In civil engineering, bridge and building designs are copied from past successes so there will be less chance of catastrophic failure. In software engineering, good source code is often a variation of other good source code. Reverse engineering enables the duplication of an existing part by capturing the component's physical dimensions, features, and material properties. Before attempting reverse engineering, a well-planned life-cycle analysis and cost/benefit analysis should be conducted to justify the reverse engineering projects. Reverse engineering is typically cost effective only if the items to be reverse engineered reflect a high investment or will be reproduced in large quantities. Reverse engineering of a part...
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...technologies are that it has the ability to grab internet servers that web services and tools such as internet apps or anything that can produce these services. One profitable feature of .NET is its ASP.net technologies that allows for the making of additional websites and net services that exist on the .NET infrastructure, (Getdotnu.com, 2004-06). Another powerful advantage of .NET technology is the ASP feature is that it creates construction sites, services and applications and does not require as much coding as the older coding in the beginning. A disadvantage of the use of .NET is its lack of support on several platforms or multiplatform to be exact. Another disadvantage is which can be very detrimental is that .NET can be reverse engineered meaning the code can be reversed and basically the code copied just rewritten. With technology in several aspects existing everywhere, mobile phones, televisions, receivers, blue tooth,...
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...intelligent man that created the basis of our pc operating systems today. The software that CP/M / Digital Research created is great and all should know about it Without it we may not have gotten as far as we have with technology today. This article plus the “gray” note on page 14 tells a story about a man who took great interest in his work. When IBM tried to sell him short or give him an offer to work for them he told them that he didn’t like the offer and he turned them down. Well this gave Microsoft a chance to come in and take the deal, but what’s funny about that is Microsoft went and reverse engineered the Digital Research tech and created a copy of it and sold it to IBM. Although at this time no one was charged for any illegal acts (maybe because it was uncommon to be able to do what Microsoft had done). I do feel two different ways about this process, see Microsoft had a genius idea to reverse engineer the software, but at a price of Dr. Kildall’s company Digital Research’s fall . The...
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...Reverse engineering involves taking something apart to see how it works. The advantages are you can learn the kind of system functions a target program is using. You can learn the files the target program accesses. You can learn the protocols the target software uses and how it communicates with other parts of the target network. The most powerful advantage to reversing is that you can change a program's structure and thus directly affect its logical flow. The disadvantages would be by enabling competitors to create competing devices, the possibility of reverse engineering might decrease the incentive for technology creators to develop new products, and reducing the manufacturer’s control over consumer uses for the product might have the same effect. One tool is REC Studio 4 - Reverse Engineering Compiler some of the features are Disassembler, Disassembler, Calling conventions, Floating-point, Windows Debugger. Short Answer 5. The variable’s name, and the variable’s data type 6. Some languages assign a default value such as 0 to uninitialized variables. In many languages, however, uninitialized variables hold unpredictable values. Algorithm workbench review 3. set b = 2+a Set a = b * 4 Set b = a / 3.14 Set a = b – 8 4. a. Set result = x + y b. Set result = z * 2 c. Set result = y / x d. Set result = y – z result = x++ - y; Answer -4 result = 4 – 8 = -4 result = ++w + y; Answer w = w + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6 result = 6 + 8 = 14 5. Declare...
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...exact opposite of the adjusting entry made in the previous period." During the first month an expense is accrued which makes it an account payable. Even though the money to pay the bill is earned the same month the actual bill is accrued, it will not be adjusted to the following month. Reversing entry is what shows that the expense which was accrued last month is paid this the following month. Reversing entries has its advantages and disadvantages. One of the disadvantages of reversing entries is that they are two part entries. It is entered a certain way the first period and is then balanced with an entry which suffices the second month. This means that it is double work. If you forget to do the reverse entry when the bill is actually paid then you will end up with an error when trying to balance. One of the many advantages of using a reversing entry is that it helps you track how much money is spent on a certain bill over a certain period. For example if you spent a certain amount of money on cool-aid for your drink company over a period of time, you can track how much money you have spent and see the effect it had on the company during that time period. A lot of company decisions can be made by being able to track how much resources are used or bills that is accumulated then decide if it worth is or not. Reversing...
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...Draft Memo Date: Preparer: Group Reviewer: Professor Subject: Qualifying Like-kind Exchange Facts: Twinbrook Corporation purchased a larger manufacturing facility for $2,100,000. Three months after Twinbrook purchased the new facility, it sold the old facility to White Flint Corporation for $2,000,000. Issue: Can Twinbrook Corporation qualify for a like-kind exchange of its manufacturing facilities? If not, under what circumstances would the transaction meet the requirements of a like-kind exchange? Authorities: IRC § 1001 (c) IRC §1031 (a)(1) IRC §1031 (a)(3) IRC Reg. § 1.1031(k)-1(b)(2)(i)) Rev. Proc. 2000-37, 2000-2 C.B. 308 Rev. Proc. 2004-51, Conclusion: Twinbrook Corporation did a transaction that does not qualify as a like-kind exchange because they obtained the new property for three months before disposing the old property. However, the exchange could qualify for the like-kind exchange if they went through an exchange facilitator. Analysis: IRC §1031 (a)(1) states that a company would not recognize a loss or gain in a qualifying like-kind exchange. In this case Twinbrook Corporation would not recognize the loss if the transaction would qualify as a like-kind exchange. Both manufacturing facilities are classified as real property; therefore, the two facilities are considered like-kind property. The problem is that the company used cash as part of the transactions and did not go through a third party intermediary; therefore, Twinbrook Corporation...
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