...Angela Jiongco Chapter2 Review questions # 1 and # 5 Exercise # Review question #1. In one or two paragraphs, describe how the internet changed form a government research project into a technology for business users. The internet began as a way for the military to control weapons systems while under attack. In the 60’s, the U.S. Department of Defense became worried about possible effects of nuclear attack on its computing facilities. The Defense Department realized that in the future they need powerful computers for coordination and control. The Defense Department funded a research at leading universities and institute with the goal of designing a worldwide network that could remain operational even the network were sabotage by the military enemy. The researchers were determined the best solution to accomplishing their goal was to create networks that do not require a central computer control network operations. However, at the time the only network existed was a single connection between sender and receiver from the leased telephone company line. There was a concerned of risk using single connection method for connecting computers, so the researchers developed a different method in communication using multiple channels. In 1969 the Department of Defense researchers in the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) use this direct connection network model to connect four computers; one each at University of California at Los Angeles, SRI International, University of...
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...Abstract National League for Democracy shocks the Myanmar’s government by winning the 1990 election, and has become the symbol of democratization hope for the people ever since. This paper will reveal what have the NLD truly accomplished during the 1990-2010 period in the term of Myanmar’s democratization, and how effective it is as an opposition side. Chapter 1: Introduction Background Democracy has become a justification for governmental systems to lead themselves into good governance. It is believed that democracy is a part of the best governmental system, which can maintained its growth and stability by positive and pro-active attitude from its people (Rosyada, Jamil. 2005:113). This led to government openness by check and balances mechanism, which open the doors into good governance. The trend has finally reached Southeast Asia region in second half of the twentieth, thanks to third world democratization wave (1974-1990) classified by Samuel Huntington. Some of the nations are having dynamics to face democratization persistence to reduce centralistic power from the authoritarian. They are, to say: Indonesia, Filipina and Thailand. While Myanmar are having the exact opposite when their civilian government being overpowered by the military. However, the development of democracy culture in Myanmar is still highly hoped by its people, shown by the 1990 election where National League for Democracy, Myanmar’s Opposition party, won. Although the result of the election was...
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...Chapter 1 Databases and Database Users Review Questions 1.1. Define the following terms: data, database, DBMS, database system, database catalog, program-data independence, user view, DBA, end user, canned transaction, deductive database system, persistent object, meta-data, and transaction-processing application. Answer: Data: Facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning Database: Collection of related data DBMS: Collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database (Software) Database system: database and DBMS software together Database catalog: structure of data files is stored Program-data independence: property that properties that DBMS access programs do not require such changes in most cases. The structure of data files is stored in the DBMS catalog separately from the access programs. User view: DBA: assisted by a staff that carries out these functions End user: the people whose jobs require access to the database for querying, updating, and generating reports; the database primarily exists for their use Canned transaction: that have been carefully programmed and tested Deductive database system: database systems provide capabilities for defining deduction rules for inferencing new information from the stored database facts Persistent object: Meta-data: The information stored in the catalog Transaction-processing application: 1.2. What four main types of actions involve databases? Briefly discuss each. Answer:...
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...|Lesson Synopsis: | This unit develops an understanding of electrostatics by the use of demonstrations, simulations, and modeling. The general theme is that the current model of matter consisting of electrically neutral atoms composed of charged particles is integral to the understanding of electrical forces. The lesson begins with traditional activities of charging objects by friction and comparing electrostatic forces to magnetostatic forces. The traditional experiments are explained in terms of the model of an atom, and the “attract and repel force rules” are explored and expanded. Devices to create, store, and measure charge are utilized in experiments. The formal theory of Coulomb’s law is introduced, and problems are assigned utilizing that theory. Elements of the historical development of electrostatics and planetary model of the atom are researched, and students have an assignment describing contributions of historically important scientists. Additional concepts of electric fields, potential difference, and properties of conductors and insulators are developed through experiment, demonstration, and discussion. TEKS: |P.5 |The student knows the nature of forces in the physical world. The student is expected to: | |P.5A |Research and describe the historical development of...
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...Brand Management Assessment 1 Research object: Kiehl’s CHAPTER1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Report Objective The goal of this study was to discuss the brand development strategy of Kiehl’s in skin care industry. Methods of analysis include customer-based brand equity, brand equity and marketing mix will be combined to review and evaluate the brand development strategies of Kiehl’s. 1.2 Company background 160 years ago, Kiehl’s was founded as an old-world apothecary in New York City's East Village in 1851. Kiehl's was purchased by the L'Oréal Group in 2000 and currently has more than 250 retail stores worldwide, and over 1000 points of sale supported by sales in high-end department stores, airport locations, as well as independent stockists and agents. The vision of Kiehl’s is wherever they serve their patrons, they are committed to serving a quality product through the most outstanding service that they are able to provide. Kiehl’s is one of the top 20 the best skin care brands, rank at 19th in 2013. (Appendix 1) CHAPTER2. BRAND EQUITY MODELS There are two models are used to analyze Kiehl’s. One is customer-based brand equity by Keller (2008), the other one is brand equity models by Aaker (2010). These two models will be combined to analyze the brand development strategies of Kiehl’s. Figure 1: Keller’s Brand Equity Model “We formally define customer-based brand equity as the differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to the marketing...
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...includes isolating their children or hiding their children regardless of their physical disfigurement or being discriminated from involving in any societal issues. There are studies conducted on the effects of stigma. For example, According to Scott 2000, self-stigmatization which affects individual with leprosy disease find difficult to value them and to have positive image. Therefore this study will focus more on the effects of stigmatization on both the patients and their family member, and also the interpersonal relationship they have with other community. Although the problem should be studied carefully in order to alleviate this stigma which by the way prior researches where not touched it well. 1.3REASEARCH QUESTION The research will answer the following question in this study, 1. What are the social effects of stigmatization on the daily social interaction of patients? 2. What are the social effects of stigmatization on the daily interaction of family members? 3. How does the other community or who are not leprosy disabled individuals have interpersonal relationship between the patients and their families? 4. What are the effects of self stigmatization on the patients? 1.4OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 1.4.1 General objective To identify, assess and analyze the effects of the social stigma and discrimination on the patients around zenebwork hospital (wereda 02). 1.4.2 Specific objective 1. To explore the social effects of stigma on the day to day social interaction...
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...Table of Contents Certificate 2 Acknowledgment 3 Executive Summary 6 Chapter 1: Introduction 7 Eyewear industry in India 7 Chapter2: Literature Review 9 Objectives 12 Chapter 3: Research Methodology 14 Research Design 14 Chapter 4: Results and Analysis 15 Chapter 5: Conclusion and Suggestions 24 Conclusion 24 Suggestions 25 Limitations 26 Annexure 27 About Vision Spring 27 References 32 Questionnaire 34 List of figures Figure 1 Gender distribution of the respondents…………………………. 17 Figure 2 Age of the Respondents……….………………………….……… 18 Figure 3 Pair of eyeglasses people own………………………………..…. 19 Figure 4.Number of retailer customers shopped around…...................... 19 Figure 5 Location…………………………………………………………..…. 20 Figure 6 - The influence of the optician…..………………………………… 21 Figure 7- Influencing factors………………………………………………… 21 Figure 8- Costumers buying online……………..………………………….. 22 Figure 9- satisfaction level of online purchase…………………………….. 23 Figure 10- Reasons behind buying eyewear…………...…………………. 23 Figure 11 discounts/promotions……………………………………………. 24 Figure 12 online use of discount or promotion……………………………. 26 Figure 13 gender and influencers……………………...…………………....26 Executive Summary This project on “Study of Indian Consumers Preferences towards Eyewear” aims at studying the eyewear industry in India and the consumer preferences in this industry. VisionSpring is an eyewear company that works to ensure affordable access to eyewear...
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...Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of the Study: Advertising is one of the most important marketing activities in the modern world. Globalization has increased its importance. Advertising is the impersonal method of communicating messages to prospective buyers. It is also the art of persuasion of human minds through a range of communication media. It aims to create positive impressions about a brand, an organization, or an idea. The American Marketing Association defines advertising as ‘any paid form of non-personal presentation of goods, services or ideas for action, openly paid by an identified sponsor’. The advertising is salesmanship in print, voice and visual. The field of advertising is made up of a system of interacting institutions that play their role in creating and executing the advertising process. This study has been carried out study the benefits of using colour identified by a company. In order to study he stated topic Ncell has been chosen. Ncell private limited stands as a privately owned GSM services in telecommunication sector of Nepal with the brand name ‘Mero Mobile’, which was re-branded as Ncell in 12 March 2010. Ncell with a new brand identity including a new brand symbol in the shape of a hitek stone in rich purple colour replaced the brand Mero Mobile with its red and yellow colouring. The stone symbolizes connectivity and connection between people. The purple colour is energizing and inspiring, it reflects the creativity passion and reliability...
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...Market related challenges faced by marketiers BY S #. | Name | Reg #. | 1 | Tahir Karamat | 13896 | 2 | Saad Fancy | 19105 | 3 | Rais ur Rehman | 19349 | 4 | Asghar Ali | 18504 | 5 | Fahad Ghulam Nabi | 15975 | A Project Report Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Course of Writing Research Reports to Mr. Irfan Hameed At the Iqra University, Main Campus Karachi, Pakistan. MAY 18, 2013 ACKNOWLEDGMENT This research report is dedicated to my family, friends, and professors for their unwavering support and encouragement throughout my life and academic pursuits. First, I would like to thank Mr. Irfan Hameed for being a fantastic thesis supervisory. It means a lot to me that he stepped up when I needed him the most and took on the responsibility of guiding me in the right direction. Furthermore, he pushed me to think outside the box and challenged me to look beyond what is right in front of me. Without him I would not have been able to complete this thesis. For these reasons and many more, I will be forever grateful. Lastly, I would like to thank my family and friends who have always supported me, even when I may not have been aware of it. I would like to thank my Parents my Mother and father, who always provided me with motivation and for their continued support of me throughout my life, financially and emotionally, and for instilling in me their morals and values. ABSTRACT This report presents a framework for “Market...
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...The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Its Effect on the Accounting Profession Robin M. Holdgate BA-507 Advanced Business Law and Ethics Upper Iowa University Richard Healy, A.B., J.D. October 14, 2012 Abstract Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was hailed as “the most far-reaching reforms since the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt” by President George W. Bush when he signed it into law. The act contains 11 titles, or sections, ranging from additional corporate board responsibilities to criminal penalties, and requires the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to implement rulings on requirements to comply with the law. The act also covers issues such as auditor independence, corporate governance, internal control assessment, and enhanced financial disclosure. The bill was enacted as a reaction to a number of major corporate and accounting scandals including those affecting Enron, Tyco, WorldCom and Arthur Andersen LLP. These scandals cost investors billions of dollars when the share prices of affected companies collapsed and shook public confidence in the nation's securities markets. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Its Effect on the Accounting Profession Enron, World Com and Arthur Andersen LLP, three names that have long become synonymous with deceptive accounting practices and lack of transparency, were but a few of the catalysts to the hastily enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. More commonly known as SOX, it was enacted on July 29, 2002 and signed into...
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...Cost Accounting Review Questions Chapter1 1.在大学里谁是会计信息的使用者?不同的使用者需要信息的目的是什么?他们使用的方式和私人企业使用会计信息的方式有所不同嘛? 使用者: 学生: 决定是否要去这所学校 其他学校: 如何竞争 雇员: 是否要继续在该学校任职 政府机关: 评估 当地机构: 决定是否允许该学校继续扩张活动 供应商: 是否继续供应 资金提供者: 是否继续提供资金 校董事会:评估学校运营的质量,是否需要改进 根本上学校和私营企业的对信息的使用是类似的。 2.管理会计被定义为管理的视觉和听觉。谈谈这句话的引申 大多数的公司运营对管理者来说都很庞大复杂从而没办法很直观的观测和估计运营的状况是否按照既定的计划进行。管理者需要各方面信息来帮助管理控制。管理会计的报告提供了这样的信息。这些报告使得公司的状况可以被看见和听见,所以叫管理者的耳目。 3.如果你是一个正要发布一个新服务的经理,什么养的财务信息是你所需要来帮助你做出决定的呢? * 这项服务的成本以及利润率 * 所需要投入的资本 * 这项服务所能给公司带来的财务增加 4.有人说,会计信息应该要容易被理解,一些经理的会计很差,所以我们要给他们提供尽可能简化了的信息,你觉得它说的对么 不可否认要让报告容易理解是一个会计师的职责所在,会计和非会计人员的沟通也是会计是的重要使命,这点不应该被忽视。但同时,会计信息不可能永远显得易于理解,可以让没有会计知识的人一目了然。对于非会计的经理人员来说学习一些会计只是也是他们的职责所在。 Chapter2 1. 关于某一个决定的成本信息必须有两个特点,他们是? 他们是1,他们必须于决策以及决策的目的相关联,很多情况下公司只关注影响收入的信息,导致与收入无关的信息都成为不相干的信息,但是其实收入并不是唯一的目的。2,他们必须与其他正在被考虑的选择不同,也就是说一个其他的决策所产生的成果是于这个决策不相干的。(这句翻不清楚) 2. 请区分沉没成本和机会成本 沉没成本是一个过去的成本,也就是说是一个已经发生了的与现在要做的决策不相关的成本。举个栗子,一个在库存中已经购入的物品的成本就是一个沉默成本,因为不论做出怎么样的决策,都不能改变这个成本依然存在的既定事实。 机会成本是一个在考虑做出决定后其次优决定所带来的收益。再举个栗子,使用一小时工人的时间做A工作,而其实它如果不做A工作也可用着一个小时做B工作,B工作的收益就是A工作的机会成本。 3. 定义“成本”在管理成本中的意思 The amount of resources, usually measured in monetary terms, sacrificed to achieve a particular objective. 4. “committed cost”是什么意思?它是怎么出现的? 承诺成本就是一个过去的不可撤销的决策里在现在发生的成本。这可能是因为捆绑合同造成的。栗子是,比如租借了一个为期两年的住处。所以这其实是一个过去的成本即使支付是在现在或者未来发生的。而且承诺成本不应该是一个相关成本。 Chapter3 1.定义固定成本和可变成本,解释如何使用 这个再不懂也就别看下去了,洗洗睡吧 2.什么事BEP,怎么算?为什么要算BEP 好吧其实这个不懂也不用看下去,但还是简单讲一下吧。 就是盈亏平衡...
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...Professor: Daniel Goldsmith, DBA Email: Daniel.Goldsmith@strayer.edu Phone: 202-744-3467 COURSE DESCRIPTION This course provides an introduction and overview of government contracting and its unique nature, demonstrating the differences between commercial and government contracting, with a concentration on the federal system. Based on online resources, students cover the organization of the Federal Acquisition Regulation and how to interpret relevant subject coverage. Current reforms in the acquisition field will be incorporated into the course and emerging controversies will be highlighted to provide students with an up-to-date view of the profession. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Required Resources Compton, P. B. (2010). Federal acquisition: Key issues and guidance. Vienna, VA: Management Concepts, Inc. Feldman, S. W., & Keyes, W. N. (2011). Government contracts in a nutshell (5th ed.). St. Paul, MN: Thomson Reuters. Supplemental Resources Brown, T. L., Potoski, M., & Van Slyke, D. M. (2009). The challenge of contracting for large complex projects: A case study of the coast guard’s Deepwater program. IBM Center for the Business of Government. Retrieved from http://www.businessofgovernment.org/sites/default/files/deepwater_magazine_0.pdf Rendon, R. G. Critical success factors in government contract management. Retrieved from http://www.ippa.org/IPPC4/Proceedings/19Others/Paper19-2.pdf Schwartz, M. (2009). Defense Acquisitions: How DOD Acquires Weapon...
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...Chapter1 Marketing - the process by which companies create value for customers and build strong customer relationships in order to capture value from customers in return. Needs – state of felt deprivation. A. Physical needs- foods, clothing, warmth and safety B. Social needs- belonging and affection C. Individual needs- knowledge and self-expression Wants- The form human needs take as they are shaped by culture and individual personality. Demands- human that are backed by buying power. Market Offerings- some combination of product, services, information, or experiences offered to a market to satisfy a need or want. Market myopia- the mistakes of paying more attention to the specific products a company offers than to the benefits and experiences produced by these products. Exchange- the act of obtaining a desired object from someone by offering something in return. Market- the set of all actual and potential buyers of a product or service. Marketing management – the art and science of choosing target markets and building profitable relationships with them. Market Concept Production Concept- the idea that consumers will favor products that are available and highly affordable and that the organization should therefore focus on improving production and distribution efficiency. Product Concept- holds that consumers will favour products that offer the most in quality, performance, and innovative features. Selling Concept- the idea that consumers will not...
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...Courses Erach Bharucha Textbook for Environmental Studies For Undergraduate Courses of all Branches of Higher Education Erach Bharucha for University Grants Commission Natural Resources i Preliminary Pages.p65 1 4/9/2004, 5:06 PM Credits Principal author and editor – Erach Bharucha Unit 1 – Erach Bharucha Unit 2 – Erach Bharucha, Behafrid Patel Unit 3 – Erach Bharucha Unit 4 – Erach Bharucha Unit 5 – Shamita Kumar Unit 6 – Erach Bharucha, Shalini Nair, Behafrid Patel Unit 7 – Erach Bharucha, Shalini Nair, Behafrid Patel Unit 8 – Erach Bharucha, Shambhvi Joshi Case Studies – Prasanna Kolte Co-ordination and compilation – Behafrid Patel Textbook Design – Narendra Kulkarni (Mudra), Sushma Durve Manuscript review and editing – Chinmaya Dunster, Behafrid Patel Artists – Sushma Durve and Anagha Deshpande CD ROM – Jaya Rai and Prasanna Kolte © Copyright Text – Erach Bharucha/ UGC, 2004. Photographs – Erach Bharucha Drawings – Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Environment Education and Research All rights reserved. Distributed by University Grants Commission, New Delhi. 2004. ii Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses Preliminary Pages.p65 2 4/9/2004, 5:06 PM Vision The importance of Environmental Studies cannot be disputed. The need for sustainable development is a key to the future of mankind. The degradation of our environment is linked to continuing problems of pollution, loss of forest, solid waste disposal, issues related...
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...11 Issues Chapter of Reporting, Disclosure and Financial Analysis Questions for Review and Discussion 1. The two main adjustment are likely to be the addition of capital assets and longterm obligations. 2. The main adjustments are likely to be: the addition of depreciation expense and gains or losses from the sale of capital assets and the deletion of amounts spent to acquire capital assets and the proceeds from the sale of capital assets the deletion of long-term debt proceeds and amounts spent to repay long-term debts and the addition of any gain or loss on the retirement of debt and the amortization of any debt premium or discount. 3. The key criterion is financial accountability the primary government either appoints a voting majority of the units governing body or a majority of the units governing body is composed of primary government officials and the primary government is able to impose its will upon the potential component unit or there is the potential for the organization to provide specific financial benefits to, or impose specific financial burdens on, the primary government. 4. Discrete presentation is when one or more component units are reported in separate columns, in addition to those pertaining to the primary government. Blending is when the component units transactions and balances are reported as if they were part of the primary government that is, the component units funds are accounted for just as they were funds of the primary government. Blending is...
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