...Revolutionary Mothers: Women in the Struggle for America’s Independence, authored by Carol Berkin. Berkin is a professor of American history at Baruch College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. Berkin is the author of several different monographs which include: A Brilliant Solution, Inventing the American Constitution, First Generations, and Jonathan Sewall. Revolutionary Mothers is a monograph presenting a manifold of angles from several women during the time period of the American Revolution. She provides distinct evidence of the roles women provided at home and on the front lines while she also shares with us an entirely different experience of the war. Two strong women in Revolutionary Mothers that really stood out among the rest were Anna Green Winslow and Martha Washington. Winslow...
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...Revolutionary Mothers Revolutionary Mothers: Women in the Struggle for America’s Independence by Carol Berkin is an educational book that teaches the story of many woman during the American Revolution. Most of the history books teach the American Revolution, but they don’t really explain the whole story. They don’t explain the importance and the change that woman made during this war. That’s why this book explains the truth that happen during the American Revolution using important information written at that time, and by people who were experiencing the American Revolution. This is a great book, comparing the life of woman from different points: lower class or higher class, race, and the difference woman made during the war. One of the points she explains is how woman’s roles where different based on lower class and higher class. Lower class woman was known as camp flowers, who helped the soldiers during the war. This woman helped the soldiers by making them food, washing their clothes, and served as nurses to help ill the injured...
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...The chapters of ‘Revolutionary Mothers’ that really did not surprise me that much but still made me feel really sad and disappointed in how women were treated during the Revolutionary War were the chapters about the Native American and Slave women. The predicament of Native American women is addressed in chapter seven, the lives of Molly Brant, a Mohawk Indian married to an Englishman; Nanyehi, a Cherokee warrior and diplomat; and Queen Esther Montour, a Munsee Delaware are examined. In Native American society, women enjoyed a much more powerful role than in white society. However, they were misunderstood by white colonists. Many tribes tried to enforce themselves with the British because they felt the British offered them the best opportunity...
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...Independiente was formed in the beginning of the twentieth century as part of the broad nationalist struggle against Spanish colonialism and American imperialism. It traces its origin from the struggle of the Filipino clergy against racial discrimination and friar domination within the Roman Church in the 19th century, which, consequently, transformed into a nationalist crusade for the absolute Filipinization of the Church in the twilight years of the 20th century. Fr. Gregorio Aglipay played an important role in the revolutionary war to overthrow Spanish rule and in the struggle for the Filipinization of the Church. In his capacity as Military Vicar of the Revolutionary Government, he gathered Filipino priests to a special meeting on October 1898 to lay down the organizational foundation of the Filipino Church. The formal institution of the Philippine Church was however prevented by the intrusion of the United States of America in the course of the revolutionary war against Spain. Iglesia Filipina Independiente, also known as the Philippine Independent Catholic Church) is a Christian Protestant denomination of the catholic tradition in the form of a national church in the Philippines. Its separation from the Catholic Church was proclaimed in 1902 by the members of the Union Obrera Democratica Filipinadue to the alleged mistreatment of Filipinos by Spanish priests in the Philippines and the government execution of nationalist Jose Rizal. Isabelo de los Reyes was one of the...
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...Suppression by government is nothing new of our generation and can be traced as far back as early governments and reigns of ancient times. The 60’s were a very revolutionary era in Mexico as the social tensions between the people and the government began to rise. The Mexican government under the reign of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and presidency of Gustavo Diaz Ordaz had been suppressing the people far too much and it was a matter of time before these tensions blew. The events that took place as a result, in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas was to protest government actions and “It was in this vacuum, that the students injected their demands, aspirations, and desires that were not exclusively of their interest, but also of interest of the campesinos, workers, intellectuals and political parties” (Carey p.29). In order to better understand what happened that day in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas I will be providing background as to what led to the protest, the ideologies, the strategies and forms of organization in the movement as well as a summary of what happened that day known as the Tlatelolco Massacre. The Tlatelolco Massacre took place on October 2, 1968 in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas in Mexico City. A student movement arose here as a reaction to violent repression and dissatisfaction with the regime of the PRI. A peaceful demonstration organized by the Consejo Nacional de Huelga (CNH) was orchestrated in which over 10,000 university and high school students...
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...Summary Tita De La Garza, the youngest daughter in a family living in Mexico was born inside the kitchen and in a very unique way. Tita fell in love with the kitchen since Nacha, their family cook, practically raised her inside the walls of the kitchen. She grew up serving delicious foods for the family and for feasts that their family prepare. In one of the feast she met a guy named Pedro Muzquiz with one look they fell deeply in love with each other. Pedro comes to the family's ranch to ask for Tita's hand in marriage. Because Tita is the youngest daughter she is forbidden by a family tradition upheld by her tyrannical mother, Mama Elena, to marry. Pedro marries Tita's older sister, Rosaura, instead, but declares to his father that he has only married Rosaura to remain close to Tita. Rosaura and Pedro live on the family ranch, offering Pedro contact with Tita. When Tita cooks a special meal with the petals of a rose given to her by Pedro, the still-fiery force of their love (transmitted through the food) has an intense effect on Mama Elena's oldest daughter, Gertrudis, who is whipped into a lustful state and flees the ranch in the arms of a revolutionary soldier. Meanwhile, Rosaura gives birth to a son, who is delivered by Tita. Tita treats her nephew, Roberto, as if he were her own child, to the point that she is able to produce breast milk to feed him while her sister is dry. Sensing that Roberto is drawing Pedro and Tita closer together, Mama Elena arranges for Rosaura's...
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...Book Summary of Abigail Adams A Revolutionary American Woman, By Charles W. Akers By phillir The life story of Abigail Adams by Charles W. Akers, records the history about a woman who was an advocate for the rights of women throughout the American Revolution and the big part she played in the career of her husband that helped to persuade our society. The author opens up the story with giving readers information about two former United States Presidents, who both had family ties to Abigail. She was the biological mother to one of these powerful men and the spouse and helpmeet to the other. Readers find out that although she was known by her connection to these two authoritative males, this was a woman who was just as worthy to be known as the man she vowed a martial union with, and the one she brought into this world as her son. The writer then rewinds to ten years earlier before Abigail was born. It is here that we are introduced to Abigail’s parents. William Smith and Elizabeth Quincy who were united in Holy matrimony, and three daughters and one son were born to this union. Abigail was born on November 11, 1744 in Weymouth, Massachusetts. Although Abigail did not go to school, she was taught at home with the help of closely related family members. During this time, the main role of women was to care for their home, husband, and children and not to get involved in the business matters pertaining to men such as, war, commerce, politics and other issues. Not much importance...
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...Naturalizer Shoes Business History Naturalizer shoes are a shoe brand that is part of a larger shoe company, brown shoes. The Brown shoe company is a multi-national company with branches in Canada, China and The United States of America. In Canada, it operates under Naturalizer shoes. Naturalizer dates back to 1927. At that time, there was the revolutionary idea of coming up with stylish and comfortable shoes for women. They also aimed at providing a brand of shoes that would remain comfortable from the start of the day to the end of the day. These have remained the main goals of the Naturalizer shoe company. The headquarters of Brown Shoe Company are in Missouri, Clayton in the USA. The Naturalizer shoe brand has over 196 stores in both US and Canada. Though the Naturalizer brand dates to only 1927, its mother, the brown shoe company can be dated back to 1875. The company underwent significant changes and growth, acquiring brands such as Naturalizer, LifeStride, Via Spiga and Sam Edelman. The Naturalizer shoes now owns e-commerce sites which signify that the company has developed in terms of technology and marketing strategies.(Burstein L) The current CEO of Brown shoes and Naturalizer shoes is Diane Sullivan. She is also the Chairman and president of the company. Production The main product that Naturalizer shoes offers is the perfect fitting shoes that the company sells. The Naturalizer.com websites are tied to the retail stores. (indeed.com) This means that from the website...
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...Problem A pesticide is defined as “a chemical preparation for destroying plant, fungal, or animal pests” (Random House Dictionary). Pesticides have been used for thousands of years, but only recently has it been used in vast amounts to ‘protect’ plants in order to feed the ever-growing population of the world. in order to identify the effects of industrial amounts of pesticides on surrounding inhabitants including but not limited to humans, cattle, domestic pets, etc,. The EPA is responsible for the safety of humans and the environment by creating laws and regulations. Discussion Pesticide use is regulated by the EPA, whose sole purpose is to “...ensure that all Americans are protected from significant risks to human health and the environment where they live, learn and work...” (Environmental Protection Agency). Pesticide use has plenty of benefits such as less crop loss due to pests and/or disease, and because less crops are lost, more money is saved, even though pesticides are purchased, they are relatively cheap and do not negate the total savings. On the other hand, there is a plethora of reasons that pesticide use is heinous, and harmful to all those involved from the person whose job it is is to administer the chemicals to the cat that ate the poisoned mouse. Many different problems have been associated with pesticide use. Scientists have executed tests on various food goods, water, and environments throughout the United States and have identified multiple chemicals...
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...behavior and experience, and it has both contributed to and been enriched by many other disciplines. Psychoanalysis seeks to explain the complex relationship between the body and the mind and furthers the understanding of the role of emotions in medical illness and health. In addition, psychoanalysis is the basis of many other approaches to therapy. Many insights revealed by psychoanalytic treatment have formed the basis for other treatment programs in child psychiatry, family therapy, and general psychiatric practice (Farrell, 1981, p. 202). Sigmund Freud was the first psychoanalyst and a true pioneer in the recognition of the importance of unconscious mental activity. His theories on the inner workings of the human mind, which seemed so revolutionary at the turn of the century, are now widely accepted by most schools of psychological thought. In 1896, Freud coined the term "psychoanalysis," and for the next forty years of his life, he worked on thoroughly developing its main principles, objectives, techniques, and methodology. Freud (1949) defines the qualities of the psychical process as being conscious, preconscious, or unconscious (p. 31). Ideas considered to be conscious are those of which we are aware, yet they remain conscious only briefly. Preconscious ideas are defined as those that are capable of becoming conscious. In contrast, unconscious ideas are defined as those that are not easily accessible but can be inferred, recognized, and explained through analysis (Freud, 1949...
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...profound expression of his own beliefs on equality and natural rights, as well as a concise articulation of the revolutionary impulses of an emerging nation. Long revered as one of America's founding fathers, Jefferson remains the subject of intense scholarly debate in the twenty-first century. Of particular interest to current critics and historians are his views on the separation of church and state, and the inconsistency between his well-documented belief in individual liberty and his status as a slave owner. His views on Native Americans, African-Americans, and women are considered at odds with the principle of universal equality he claimed in the Declaration to be “self-evident.” Biographical Information Jefferson was born at Shadwell, in Goochland (now Albemarle) County, Virginia. His father was a self-made man and an early settler of the Virginia wilderness, and his mother was a member of a prominent Colonial family, the Randolphs. Jefferson attended private schools and the College of William and Mary, where he studied law, science, literature, and philosophy. He was admitted to the bar in 1767 and practiced law for two years. In 1769 he was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses. During that same year he designed and began building Monticello, his famous family home, in the Blue Ridge Mountains. While a member of the House of Burgesses, Jefferson penned A Summary View of the Rights of British America (1774), the philosophical antecedent to the Declaration of Independence...
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...Ivy Hackett Water For Chocolate Summary Water for Chocolate is written by Laura Esquivel's which tells the deep and personal story of Tita De La Garza. This book is organized by showing how to prepare a recipe while telling an exciting and romantic story of Tita's life. Tita's family is living in Mexico in the time of the revolution. She is forbidden to marry because of the families’ tradition of the youngest child to take care of the mother in her old age. This tradition has a profound effect on Tita’s life throughout the story. In January her recipes are Christmas rolls and sausages she says that preparing sausage is a family tradition for them so everyone has a role one day while they were preparing the sausages she tells her mother that Pedro Muzquiz would like to ask for her hand in marriage. Mama Elena tells Tita that it is useless for Pedro to ask for her hand in marriage because Tita, being the youngest, is obligated by family tradition to care for her mother until death. Pedro and his father show up at the ranch to ask for Tita's hand in marriage, and Mama Elena refuses and offers Rosaura her sister to him instead. Pedro takes her sisters hand in marriage because he claims he is doing it to get closer to Tita. In February the recipe is for a Chabela Wedding Cake. This is the wedding cake that she is going to use for her sisters weeding. She was mad at her sister for marring Pedro so she missed the engagement party because of a "headache". Mama Elena punished...
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...Introduction “For the only great men among the unfree and the oppressed are those who struggle to destroy the oppressor” (The Grounding With My Brothers, pg. 131). Walter A. Rodney otherwise known as 'Brother Wally' was a charismatic Caribbean intellectual. Rodney’s humanity poured out of his personality with a profound sense of the personal. He was articulate and well-spoken, well-educated and informed, a personable listener and one who was in tune with the 'grassroots'. He was able to fuse his knowledge of history, especially African history, with liberation politics. Many of his talks can be found in his book "The Groundings with My Brothers," however a brief portrait does no justice to the heritage he left. Walter A. Rodney was a revolutionary and scholar that combined his scholarship with activism and became a voice for the under-represented and disenfranchised and this of course distinguished him from his academic colleagues. Rodney’s duality as an intellectual and an activist, caused him to challenge the prevailing assumptions about African history and put forth his own ideas and models for analyzing the history of oppressed peoples. Influenced by the Black Power Movement...
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...Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………...……………………………………….…1 Beginning of Life……………………………………………………..…………………....1 Number of Deaths Attributed to Abortion…………………………........................1-2 Abortion Methods…………………………………………....………………...………..2-3 Conclusion…………………...……………………………………………………………..3 Works Cited………………………………………………………………………………....4 War on the Unborn When does life begin for human beings? Is it upon conception or once we are birthed into the world from the mother's womb? Abortion has been a very controversial subject since the early twentieth century. It is not about whether it is legal or illegal; it is about morality and the right to live regardless of the situation. Many people base their opinions about abortion on feeling and religion but there are many scientific facts that abortion is the killing of a human life; therefore, abortion is immoral and unethical. It has been proven that life begins upon conception. According to Stephanie Watson's article "How Pregnancy Works", "The sperm and egg merge to form a little single-celled organism called a zygote, which consists of the 23 chromosomes for the man's sperm and the 23 chromosomes from the female's egg. These chromosomes will determine the baby's hair color, eye color and whether the baby will be a boy or girl." An American Life League article titled "Abortion" goes on to explain that by the first week "implantation into his mother's uterus begins and all the while...
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...the Romanian Revolution of December 1989 (IRRD) was founded in Bucharest, headed by then President Ion Iliescu whose term in office was soon to expire. The Institute’s publications have resisted a plurality of interpretations about the revolution as well as the blind peer-review process. Some analysts of the 1989 “events” question whether these constituted a proper revolution since many people who rose to power after Ceauşescu’s fall were not new faces but had been high-ranking communists. The handful of dissident revolutionaries, such as the poets Mircea Dinescu and Ana Blandiana, Reformed pastor Lászlo Tőkés, and professor Doina Cornea, quickly grew suspicious of the National Salvation Front (NSF), resigned their positions in it, and accused the Front of betraying the popular revolution. Some analysts and critics of the NSF claim that the NSF staged a civil war, in which people were shot at and died, in the days after December 22 in order to justify the summary execution of the first couple on December 25, and to permit the new political leaders to appear as true saviors of the nation after a heroic armed struggle. Others have claimed that the KGB, or the CIA, or both were involved in the change of regime in 1989. Debates have also revolved around responsibility for the violence in December 1989, and around the identity of the “terrorists” who shot at civilians in Bucharest and elsewhere. Andrew Hall, a CIA analyst, has argued that the Special Unit for Anti-terrorist Warfare...
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