...Blocker Tag: Selective Blocking of RFID Tags for Consumer Privacy Ari Juels RSA Laboratories Ron Rivest MIT CSAIL Mike Szydlo RSA Laboratories What is a Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tag? • In terms of appearance… Chip (IC) Antenna What is an RFID tag? • You may own a few RFID tags… – Contactless physical-access cards – Automated toll payment • At present, an RFID tag simply calls out its (unique) name or static data over a short distance “Plastic #3” “74AB8” “5F8KJ3” The capabilities of basic RFID tags • No power – Receives power from reader – Range a few meters • Little memory – Static 64-to-128-bit identifier in current ultra-cheap generation (five cents / unit) – Hundreds of bits soon • Little computational power – A few thousand gates – No cryptographic functions available – Static keys for read/write permission The grand vision: RFID as next-generation barcode Barcode RFID tag Fast, automated scanning Line-of-sight Specifies object type Radio contact Uniquely specifies object Provides pointer to database entry for every object Commercial applications • Smoother inventory tracking – Military supply logistics • Gulf War I: Placement of double orders to ensure arrival • Gulf War II: RFID renders supply chain much more reliable • Product recalls • Anti-counterfeiting • Maintaining shelf stocks in retail environments – Gillette Mach3 razor blades • Parenting logistics – Water park uses RFID bracelets...
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...RFID SECURITY February 2008 © The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region The contents of this document remain the property of, and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the express permission of the Government of the HKSAR. Disclaimer: Whilst the Government endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the information in this paper, no express or implied warranty is given by the Government as to the accuracy of the information. The Government of HKSAR accepts no liability for any error or omission arising from or related to the use of the information. TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary ............................................................................................................................. 2 I. Introduction.................................................................................................................... 3 An Introduction to RFID ................................................................................................. 3 How does RFID work? ................................................................................................... 4 II. Adoption of RFID........................................................................................................... 5 Business Trends .............................................................................................................. 5 Government Use .....................................................................................
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...| ByMr Shireesh | RFID | | | | Words Count: 2,180 Tables of Content Page Tables of Content 1 Introduction 2 What is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)? 2 - 3 Purpose of RFID 3 - 6 Benefits of RFID 6 Disadvantages of RFID 6 Points of View 7 Conclusion 8 References 9 Introduction Imagine a technology that could slice the time it takes a retailer to measure inventory, one that could provide accurate information about a single tem as it moves from manufacturing through a store and then on to post-sales support. Imagine one that could finally fully automate checkout, freeing store personnel to provide increased levels of customer support. RFID - Radio Frequency Identification...
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...RFID Based ETC (Electronic Toll-collection) IT 500 Srinath Reddy Anagunta Schiller International University Dr. Russ Wright Schiller International University I. INTRODUCTION The rise in traffic volume has affected the free flow at the tollgate on the freeways for payment in cash. The best available technology to overcome this problem was automated Electronic toll collection system. The automated system is combination of several subsystems. The RFID technology, computer database, power supply, microcontroller, motor and inferred device are included. Automatized toll system has been successful in saving time and reducing the human workers intervention. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification): The RFID systems employed worldwide have various features and application, but generally when they are used in automobiles for Electronic toll-collection purposes would be an active Transponder that usually stores a serial number that is unique and linked with user’s personal account. RFID Reader: In order to read the RFID tag a reader or Scanner is placed in the E-toll lane to communicate, read the tag and to transmit to the database. When a reader transmits radio waves, all the tags in the communicating range will respond to the frequency and exchange of data takes place. Electronic Toll-collection systems: The RFID device consists of tags known and E-Zpass(or they have different names for different providers) that are fitted on the windshields...
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...To: Dante Sorella, CEO, Raydar Electronics Date: 25 April 2012 Subject: RFID Tags in Caps/Visors In regards to the implementation of RFID tags in the caps and visors, its strategic and ethical concerns, and proposed solutions, we are advising that Raydar should join in KK Inc.’s interest in tagging their caps and visors. However, much attention must be given to ethics and possible government regulations. Our analysis has factored in Kool Kid Inc.’s desire for an authentic brand and superior customer experience with Raydar’s current capabilities and future goals. We understood the strategic and ethical concerns to be as followed: • Ethics. o Internal and external individuals may question the ethics of tagging children’s clothing • Government Regulation. o Possible congressional bills restricting the use of RFID in clothing and requiring full disclosure with the use of RFID may be passed. • Reputation. o Possible tarnishing of the Raydar brand as a result of consumer privacy concerns may occur. • Financial Cost. o Research and development costs. o The cost to profits if a strong competitor enters the market. Value Control Much attention must be given to the protection of the customer and his/her private information. The following areas must be addressed to help ensure the success of the RFID tagging project, they are: • The database of customer private information...
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...Wal-Mart Case Study – RFID Introduction Technology is inevitable in every sphere of life today; it has always made things easier. Wal-Mart works on the same strategy, from the above description; we can understand how diversified Wal-Mart is and the volume of cargo it needs to handle for each of its business’s. Traditionally, it had started with computerization of individual stores with small billing machines and had then led to centralized billing for record keeping. The technology has grown by leaps and bounds and has become increasingly challenging to maintain large databases of information and maintain records. Powerful computers networked with high performance clusters maintain and store this data. This gives a picture as to how technology plays a vital role in today’s’ businesses. Traditionally, technology has been upgraded in billing systems and for storage purposes. A new area where technology could be applied to, where many expenses could be saved was in inventory management and logistics. Wal-Mart being so huge, needed to keep track of men and material sent across different countries and had to maintain hundreds of warehouses across the world. Bar-codes have been initially identified as a suitable technology to meet the purpose. But due to the limitations of barcodes, a new emerging technology called RFID has been identified to meet the demands. RFID is low cost Radio Frequency Identification system which requires minimum human intervention to carry out tasks...
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...How Walmart Uses E-commerce in Its Supply Chain In 2011, Walmart’s sales amounted to $419 billion and were ranked first in Fortune 500’s list of world’s largest companies by revenue. (Walmart 2011). What contributed to Walmart’s success? With heavy investment into their supply chain management system it has enable them to reduce overall costs, minimize inventory levels, and optimize logistics and distribution thus making them more successful. Analysis will be made as to why Walmart is concentrating on supply chain projects, why some suppliers are not in compliance with mandatory RFID tags, and how e-commerce improves transaction processing. Why Walmart is Concentrating on Supply Chain Projects Walmart is investing heavily in projects to constantly improve their supply chain which will allow them to lower overall costs and increases profit margin. An illustration of this is that prior to the efforts on supply chain management in 2002, on sales of $218B, they generated a return of 3%. In 2011, their profit margin increased to 6.1% while doubling revenue. By constantly upgrading the management of product through the various distribution channels and the process in which consumers receive products, time and money can be saved by Walmart which in turn benefits the consumer. In order for Walmart to remain successful on a global level, being competitive is the key. To be competitive in the “front of the house”, they must remain competitive in the “back of the house”. ...
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...BANGALORE. Term paper submission on “SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AT WALL-MART” -SUBMITTED BY SUJAY C 1PB12MBA51 INDEX S.NO DESCRIPTION 1. INTRODUCTION TO SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 2. LEVELS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 3. HISTORY-WALMART 4. WAL-MART INTRODUCTION AND ITS BUSINESS PROCESSES 5. SUPPLY CHAIN MANGEMENT AT WAL-MART 6. PROCUREMENT AND DISTRIBUTION 7. LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT 8. INVENTORY MANAGEMENT 9. COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AND BUSINESS MODELS USED AT WAL-MART 10. RFID IN WAL-MART 11. EFFICENCY IN SUPPLY CHAIN WITH RFID 12. CONCLUSION Introduction to Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management is the discipline which encompasses the end to end business activities carried out in any business, independent of the manufacturing or service sectors. It is the synchronization of a network of facilities and distribution options that performs procurement of materials, processing the materials into finished products, and distribution of the products to customers. SCM is seen as involving five fundamental processes. These include planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and returning. Typical supply chain showing interrelations between all involved parties. SCM subsists in both...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON TERM PAPPER INTERNET CHALLENGES TO SECURITY AND PRIVACY SUBMITTED BY : GIFTY KARUVELIL SAM ID NUMBER: 0160011 SUBMITTED TO : PROFESSOR . JOYCE JAMES MG. 650: MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACROSS THE ENTERPRISE TABLE OF CONTENT : * INTRODUCTION * ANALYSIS OF SECURITY AND PRIVACY * CATEGORIZATION AND SESITIVITY * STATE OF RESEARCH * MAJOR PLAYERS I THE INTERNET * GLOBAL SENSOR NETWORK MIDDLEWEAR * RFID * PHYSICAL MECHANISM * CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROTOCOLS * RESEARCH FROM OTHER DOMAINS * INFORMATION ACCOUNTABIILITY * CRYPTOGRAPHIC IDENTIFIERS * KEY EXTRACTION FROM WIRELES CHANNL CHARACTERISTECS * CONCLUSION 1 1 Introduction The Internet has undergone severe changes since its first launch in the late 1960s as an outcome of the ARPANET. The initial four-node network has quickly grown into a highly interconnected and self-organized network that builds the daily basis for business, research, and economy. The number of people using this worldwide network has exponentially grown up to about 1.5 bn and hereby makes up about 20% of the world population. This sheer number of end...
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...report on the uses of RFID in the retail sector and analyzing its advantages and disadvantages and check whether RFID truly improves the Retail sector or not. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION: 2 Apparel Retail Sector: 2 RFID in Apparel Sector: 3 Challenges in using RFID in Apparel Industry: 5 Conclusion: 5 Bibliography 6 INTRODUCTION: In the present day and age identification of all the objects in the supply chain is of vital importance. This is to create an ideal world where not only humans communicate with each other but each and every object in the supply chain system communicates with the computer. This makes the system easily to run and highly efficient. It also makes the identification of resources and recognition of each and every object in the system easy. This would in turn help all stakeholders as there is continuous flow of information and there is high visibility in the entire system. RFID is an important technology that lets us achieve the above mentioned state of easy flowing communication amongst partners. It use radio frequency to locate objects that are even not in the line of sight. This automatically makes the system identify every object easily and efficiently (Sheng,Li, & Zeadally, 2008). RFID has been around for over half a century but has grown prominence in the recent years. This is because the cost of RF tags have dropped significantly in recent years while the technology that is needed to identify the tags accurately has come up...
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...[pic] [pic] Wal-Mart Case Study – RFID and Supply Chain Management FINAL PAPER By Group 2 Group Members: Angrish, Sangita Chivukula, Venkata S. DeWitt, Brendon Patel, Raxesh Shamsi, Shazeb Yellapragada, Ramachandra Date: November 30, 2005 Table of Contents Introduction 4 Why RFID over Bar-Code? 4 RFID Infrastructure 5 Introduction to Supply Chain Management 7 Wal-Mart Introduction and its Business Processes 9 Operations 9 Business Model 10 Market Strategy of Wal-Mart 10 Organizational Development 10 Competitive Advantage 11 Market Opportunity 11 Supply Chain Management at Wal-Mart 11 Procurement and Distribution 11 Logistics Management 12 Inventory Management 12 RFID in Wal-Mart 13 Efficiency in Supply Chain with RFID 14 Wal-Mart Suppliers 15 Kimberly-Clark 15 Kraft Foods 15 Gillette 15 Current Usage of RFID 16 RFID in Military 16 Successful RFID Implementation in different Industries 17 Volkswagen 17 Supermarket tries out smart tagging 17 Sun Microsystems sets up RFID test centre in Scotland 17 I.B.M. Expands Efforts to Promote Radio Tags to Track Goods 17 Texas Instruments 17 EPC global Network 18 Limitations and Challenges of RFID 18 Future of RFID 20 Future Applications 20 REFERENCES: 22 Introduction Technology is inevitable in every sphere of life today; it has always made things easier. Wal-Mart works on the same strategy, from the...
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...lucrative deal to outfit consumer goods with RFID tags,a technology executive wonders: Would he be providing a valuable custonner service? Or committing a heinous invasion of privacy? None of Our Business? by Roberta A. Fusaro E S W THEM the moment he came A out of the parking garage. Across the street, about two dozen protesters crowded close to the main entrance of the exposition center, heckling conference goers as they streamed inside. Fired up with anger and caffeine (almost all clutched steaming cups of coffee-it was still early on a Friday morning), they shouted through bullhorns and waved placards with messages like "Get Off My Frequency!" and "Mind Your Own Business!"When two women in charcoal-gray suits walked out the center's doors, a protester broke away and followed them down the sidewalk, trying to press pamphlets into their hands. A police officer ordered the crowd to stay behind the barricades, but his commands were inaudible beneath the sounds of traffic and civil insurrection. Dante Sorelia shook his head. "How the hell did we reach this point?" he thought as the walk light beckoned him forward. As CEO of a technology firm, Dante was an old hand at privacy debates. Such intense, public hostility, however, was a fairly recent development. His Manhattan-based company, Raydar Electronics, was among the top five makers and integrators of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and readers in the United States. The company...
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...better shopping experiences * Increase profit from sales. * To expand the business and become the biggest retail store in Australia organizational business model: where to find customers? find potential customers(both on physical store and online store) what the special and experience can the business provide ?provide the most convenient and generalized shopping experience with the lowest price for customers how can business provide such serve for customers? by cutting down the product cost and selling cost RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification): Introduction:is the wireless use of electromagnetic fields to transfer data, for the purposes of automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects. How does RFID work? the tags contain electronically stored information. Some tags are powered by electromagnetic induction from magnetic fields produced near the reader. Some types collect energy from the interrogating radio waves and act as a passive transponder. Other types have a local power source such as a battery and may operate at hundreds of meters from the reader.Unlike a barcode, the tag does not necessarily need to be within line of sight of the reader and may be embedded in the tracked object. Recycling the RFID chips we give the each customers a coles card like memberships card, everytime the customer bring a chip, we give them a point...
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...------------------------------------------------------------------------7 REFERENCING -----------------------------------------------------------------------8 Introduction This report shows how RFID works in daily basis I will be discussing some of any existing technologies and important features of the technology and discuss possible uses of the technology and the feature impact of the technology KNOWLEDGE Radio Frequency identification RFID is a non contact system which radio waves reads the information stored in a transponder. This technology makes it possible to transmit data via radio waves without physical or visual contact and RFID commutation includes at least one transponder, transmitter devices and background acting of IT system which means you need make some coding to make RFID to work. RFID is already used in daily bases e.g. in car immobilizers, toll systems, tags, car tracking, passports, payments, warehouses and many more The first exploration of RFID technology approached in world war II when the British army used RFID technology to act as aircraft identification to make sure whether airplanes were friendly or enemies so the development of RFID have continued since from late 1960 (Jeremy Gragg, 2003). Then later on RFID was also used for anti-theft systems on doors then in the 1970s and 1980s first RFID created for Keyless access control system some of these system allow the...
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...Liu Ziying Chen SBS stockholm university ------------------------------------------------- RFID at METRO GROUP Seminar 1 Shan Huang Yanqing Liu Ziying Chen SBS stockholm university ------------------------------------------------- RFID at METRO GROUP Seminar 1 In the recent years, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been developed. Along with such development, the implementation of RFID systems in retail supply chains can be realized and improved. In early 2004, METRO Group (Metro) announced that RFID technology would promote to 250 stores and 10 warehouses together with 100 suppliers. In 2005, after expanding rollout RFID in Metro, the benefits and problems of using RFID both emerged. In this article, the decision on whether Metro should implement RFID in its supply chain and which level (pallet and case level) is more suitable for Metro have been proposed after identifying, analyzing and evaluation of RFID implemented at Metro, the implementation process and action plans for further development of using RFID are also illustrated. RFID is the wireless use of electromagnetic fields to transfer data, for the purposes of automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects [1]. Since 1999, with the reduction of cost of RFID tags, RFID technology is used to track products in retail supply chains. Some big retailers have announcements of RFID technology rollout at their supply chains. The METRO Group is the world’s third-largest retailer...
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