The arrangement of his direct oration further reveals Keating’s intention to capitalise on logos and pathos in order to incite an emotional response out of his audience and invoke them to adopt a more inclusive perspective of Australia’s contemporary national identity. Keating conceded responsibility for the destruction of Aboriginal culture in the past, employing the anaphora “we took the traditional lands… we brought the diseases…we committed the murders…we took the children”. This combination of inclusive and emotive language effectively provokes the audience to think that our national identity and basic human values will remain tainted as long as Indigenous Australians remain marginalised by society. Moreover, he seeks to remind the audience