...global leader in mass producing dry plates for many years. Within four years of of the commencement of research, negative paper was introduced and would be used for the next century. Film became so efficient and cheap, Eastman invented the first commercial camera called the “Kodak” which revolutionized the “point and shoot” concept as the world know its today. 1 The Kodak camera was so popular that Eastman decided to integrated Kodak into the company name. The newly founded and named Eastman Kodak Company in 1892 became so big they had to expand their facilities to New Jersey for access to new trade routes. This was the beginning of Kodak and the start of photography. Kodak’s history is mainly responsible for making the Kodak name what it is today. The initial products invented by Kodak like the camera and film opened doors and provided a foundation for innovation and success in the photography and developing industry. Furthermore, Kodak’s business model, although a failure, taught the world of business how to run a business. In today’s world, cameras range from expensive professional models to dollar store disposables. In the late 19th century there was only one kind of camera. It was called the Kodak and was marketed along side the slogan, “You press the button, We do the rest”. 1 Soon...
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...171 a 1 Question 1 - Success of the BMW Group 1. Introduction The BMW Group was founded in 1917 and today is one of the leading. automobile and motorcycle manufacturers worldwide with a workforce of more than 100,000 associates in over 100 countries (BMW Group 2012). The company possesses three of the stron gest premium brands in the car industry, BMW. MINI and Rolls-Royce, as well as holding. a strong market position within the motorcycle sector (Innovation Leaders 2011). According to Linkedln (2012) the company aims to create profitable growth and returns that are above-average by focusing on the premium segment of the automobile market internationally. 2. Approptiate Measures for Success 2.1 Revenue and Profit According to the BMW animal report (2011), the company sold 1_668.982 automobiles and the overall revenue for the compan y was e68.8 billion at the end of the 2011 financial year, with the net profit standing at 64_9 billion, Furthermore the report shows that the 2011 fiscal year was the best in the history of the company, with sales volumes, revenues and profits reaching, new highs and exceeding annual targets set by the BMW Group. This is reinforced when comparing current profits to those before the worldwide economic recession; net profit in 2007 was E3,14 billion, meaning 2011 showed a 51_7% increase in profit from that year. This is a clear indication of the recent success of the BMW Group on a financial basis, as the company is outperforming their set...
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...Week 6 Course Project B) Written below is a sample communication via the use of a memorandum George Fisher has sent out to his employees at Kodak. In this communication message it will give information about the change Kodak is making into the digital world. Memorandum To: All Staff From: Mr. George Fisher, CEO Date: January 12, 2002 Subject: Changes to come For the past ten years we have been designing a strategy to embark on a new change into the digital world, leaving behind the existence of the use of film. It is crucial that we stay above our competitors and continue to change and explore new ways of finding our way in staying competitive in this ever-changing market. That is why we are beginning our conversion from film to digital imaging in the weeks to come. We will launch the changes immediately to in order to get our production started as our estimates are growth show much potential for success. Now, we might face some obstacles along the way in executing the change. Such as the need to invest in research and “release incrementally updated products in a number of different fields” as soon as possible, but we believe this will work. Therefore, we need you on board because you are the essential factor in helping us making this change a success story, and a great moment in Kodak’s history. We might have to cut some of our losses along the way, such as factories and jobs, in order to keep up with our counterparts and competitors, but there is more information...
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...now largely passed over for hip whippersnappers such as iPhone and Android. RIM had a rapid descent, with its commanding position in U.S. market share vanishing within just a few years. In 2009, BlackBerry had 44% of the market for smartphone operating systems, vs. Apple's 24% and Android's 9%, according to the NPD Group. But as consumers flocked to the web browsing and apps supported by its competitors, BlackBerry's lead evaporated. At the end of last year, Android held 52% of the U.S. market and Apple 32%. BlackBerry's share had dwindled to less than 10% The company that invented the smartphone, mobile instant messaging, and our head-down, always-texting culture risks being irrelevant to the next generation of U.S. mobile consumers. What happened to the CrackBerry? Serious competitors, an aggressive smartphone marketing environment, the loss of key executives, product delays and marketing missteps have all played major roles. Yet the overarching problem may be plain-old inertia. It's not unknown in technology, where in a number of areas speedy newcomers have overtaken the old guard. The stalwart Kodak is in bankruptcy, and once-scrappy favorite Nokia is struggling. "Over the last decade, RIM ruled the smartphone space. They didn't have to worry about marketing," said independent tech analyst Jeff Kagan. "But in the last four years, the Apple iPhone and Google Android transformed the space. … RIM...
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...world by storm (pun intended, since Blackberry Storm is one of RIM’s most profitable product), and the word “crackberry” had become synonymous with the workaholic professional. Yet, as the mobile telephony market for professionals started showing promise, RIM found itself besieged numerous competitors all over the world. RIM had a distinct first mover advantage in the market and was well known for its ultra-secure enterprise software. However, this advantage was rapidly eroding in the face of high R&D investments from RIM’s largest competitors such as Nokia, Apple, and Microsoft. This was problematic as it foreshadowed the question of whether or not RIM was well positioned to continue to meet expectations, deliver award-winning products and services and maintain its lead in the smartphone market. Oftentimes, Wall Street expectations for technology driven companies were also linked to the technology spend and RIM was clearly not ahead of the game in terms of this metric. Just to maintain status quo, it was clear to RIM’s CTO, Mr. David Yach, that he would need to hire 1,400 software engineers in 2008. Essentially, Mr. Yach faced the unenviable task of having to select the best options to deliver the growth expectations of RIM. These options included: (1) doing what they did, only more of it, (2) building on their existing and satellite R&D locations, (3) growing through acquisition or (4) going global. In this paper, we will examine the pros and cons...
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...Eastman Kodak Company 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Notice of 2011 Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K X Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the year ended December 31, 2010 or Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from Commission File Number 1-87 to EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) NEW JERSEY (State of incorporation) 343 STATE STREET, ROCHESTER, NEW YORK (Address of principal executive offices) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: __________________________ Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each Class Common Stock, $2.50 par value Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [X] No [ ] Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange 16-0417150 (IRS Employer Identification No.) 14650 (Zip Code) 585-724-4000 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding...
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...icing is managers’ biggest marketing headache. It’s where they feel the most pressure to perform and the least certain that they are doing a good job. The pressure is intensified because, for the most part, managers believe that they don’t have control over price: It is dictated by the market. Moreover, pricing is often seen as a difficult area in which to set objectives and measure results. Ask managers to define the objective for the company’s manufacturing function, and they will cite a concrete goal, such as output and cost. Ask for a measure of productivity, and they will refer to cycle times. But pricing is difficult to pin down. High unit sales and increased market share sound promising but they may in fact mean that a price is too low. And forgone profits do not appear on anyone’s scorecard. Indeed, judging pricing quality from outcomes reported on financial statements is perilous business. Yet getting closer to the “right” price can have a tremendous impact. Even slight improvements can yield significant results. For example, for a company with 8%profit margins, a 1% improvement in price realization—assuming a steady unit sales volume—would boost the company’s margin dollars by 12.5%.1 For that reason, even one step toward better pricing can be worth a lot. To improve a company’s pricing capability, managers should begin by focusing on the process, not on the outcome. The first question to ask is not, What should the price be? but rather, Have we addressed all the considerations...
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...Question 1 Outline the management control system at Xerox. What are the key elements that make the system work? Management control system prior 1980 Xerox focused more on accuracy and rigid systems rather than listening to the customer’s need and preference. For them, their business activities have to operate according to their business plan. The controllers were the numbers people and there have been never sufficient data or analysis to support management decision. Xerox also did not take care of the employees’ welfare and neglect to the good ideas from them. Therefore, some good people left the company. The corporate reporting and planning process was very long and bureaucratic, with more detail than most managers could absorb. Even worse, the reporting formats were not consistent between divisions that lead to the difficulty for the management to make decisions and analyze data. Management control system after 1980 David Kearns who was newly appointed as the chairman in 1982 was well aware of the problems faced by Xerox and hence developed a corporate revitalization plan called “Leadership through Quality” (LTQ). This plan emphasized on three major components which are; employee involvement, competitive benchmarking and the quality improvement process. Employee involvement as mentioned in LTQ is the problem solving process that uses quality circles, people empowerment, Ishikawa’s fish bone chart, and other tools. Competitive benchmarking is a standard for comparing...
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...I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FreeRiders, Inc. is one of the leading specialty mountain bike design and manufacturing firms in the world, and caters to professional cyclists, primarily in the mountain bike/extreme sport sub-category. Despite its reputation as a leader in competitive cycling, FreeRiders receives the majority of its revenue through high-end mountain bike sales. Each FreeRiders bicycle is hand-made in the US in FreeRiders’ machine shop in Everett, Massachusetts, consistent with the FreeRiders mission to “produce high-quality custom, one of a kind bicycles in the USA… designed and manufactured by and for the professional road and extreme sport rider.” As a small company with fewer than twenty full-time employees and a host of freelance and part-time help, FreeRiders, Inc. is faced with strong competition in the category from larger bike manufacturers who, in recent years, have increased their advertising and PR budgets by an estimated seventy-five percent, and offset their costs by pushing production overseas. Economic pressures due to inflated production costs and competitors’ increased market share have lead FreeRiders to re-assess its goals for the future. This new strategic plan will unfold in several phases and include a 9-month-to-market new product line extension, a five year plan to increase revenue to between two and five million, and a long term plan to ensure the company’s viability ten years and beyond. II. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS FreeRiders, Inc...
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...University Of Texas at Dallas : BPS 6310 - MBC | Strategic Control & Organizational Design – Second Operating System | Bolting in a Hurdles Race | | | Executive Summary Every organization has a structure in place that defines the hierarchy and workflow in it. The organizational structure for a company is usually defined keeping business environment and vision in focus. The challenge arises when a company makes a transition to a new business model keeping in view the long term sustainability. The paper explains that there are primarily five major categories of organizational structures, out of which almost all the time one is adopted by a company. We cannot ignore the fact that traditional organizational structures manage the daily activities of running a company well. But with the business getting more and more dynamic, the challenge for a company lies in being flexible and innovative with these conventional structures in place. In this paper we drew inspiration from the award-winning article “Accelerate!” in Harvard Business Review, from global leadership expert John Kotter and came to the conclusion that the existing structures and processed that form the organizations - ” Operating System” need additional elements to overcome the challenges produced by mounting complexity. The solution lies in the implementing a second Operating System with a focus on continuous redefinition of strategy to keep up with market changes. The approach to have second structure...
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...17. Disruptive Innovation by Clayton M. Christensen. How to cite in your report. A disruptive technology or disruptive innovation is an innovation that helps create a new market and value network, and eventually goes on to disrupt an existing market and value network. The term is used in business and technology literature to describe innovations that improve a product or service in ways that the market does not expect. Although the term disruptive technology is widely used, disruptive innovation seems a more appropriate term in many contexts since few technologies are intrinsically disruptive; rather, it is the business model that the technology enables that creates the disruptive impact. Chapter Table of Contents 17Disruptive Innovation 17.1 Introduction 17.2 The Disruptive Innovation Model 17.2.1 Disruption at Work: How Minimills Upended Integrated Steel Companies 17.2.2 The Role of Sustaining Innovation in Generating Growth 17.2.3 Disruption Is a Relative Term 17.2.4 A Disruptive Business Model Is a Valuable Corporate Asset 17.3 Two Types of Disruption 17.3.1 New-Market Disruptions 17.3.2 Low-End Disruptions 17.4 Shaping Ideas to Become Disruptive: Three Litmus Tests 17.4.1 Could Xerox Disrupt Hewlett-Packard? 17.4.2 Conditions for Growth in Air Conditioners 17.5 Afterword 17.6 Acknowledgements 17.7 Appendix: A Brief Description of the Disruptive Strategies of the Firms in Figure 4 17.8 Commentary by Donald A. Norman 17.8.1 The theory is easy to...
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...Strategic Management Patricia Murtagh The University of Sunderland © 2014 The University of Sunderland First published January 2014, revised February 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without permission of the copyright owner. While every effort has been made to ensure that references to websites are correct at time of going to press, the world wide web is a constantly changing environment and the University of Sunderland cannot accept any responsibility for any changes to addresses. The University of Sunderland acknowledges product, service and company names referred to in this publication, many of which are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks. All materials internally quality assessed by the University of Sunderland and reviewed by academics external to the University. Instructional design and publishing project management by Wordhouse Ltd, Reading, UK Copyright © 2014 University of Sunderland ii Contents vi Introduction Unit 1 1 2 5 7 Concepts, models and theories 20 Introduction 2.1 A comparison of concepts, models and theories relating to competitive advantage 2.2 An evaluation of concepts, models and theories relating to strategic choice Case Study: Ciba Vision 2.3 Concepts, models and theories relating to strategic evaluation Case Study: The University of Exeter...
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...S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II www.ibscdc.org 1 Transformation Corporate Transformation Korean Air: Chairman/CEO Yang-Ho Cho’s Radical Transformation A series of fatal accidents, coupled with operational inefficiencies snowballed Korean Air into troubled times. Then, at the beginning of the 21st century, its CEO/ Chairman, Yang-Ho Cho undertook various transformation initiatives - for instance, improving service quality and safety standards, technology integration, upgrading pilot training, better business focus; putting in place a professional management team, improving corporate image through sponsorship marketing, etc. He gave a new corporate direction in the form of '10,10,10' goal. However, Korean Air is held up by a slew of challenges. Among which are inefficiencies of - Chaebol system of management, possible clash of its cargo business with its own shipping company, limited focus on the domestic market and growing competition from LCCs. How would Korean Air manage growth as a family-owned conglomerate? The case offers enriching scope for analysing a family business’s turnaround strategies, with all the legacy costs involved. Pedagogical Objectives • To discuss the (operational) dynamics of Korean Chaebols - their influence/ effects on the country’s industrial sector and the economy as a whole • To analyse how family-owned businesses manage the transition phase - from a supplier-driven...
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...AN ANALYSIS: HTC, THE INDUSTRY AND TAIWAN GROUP PROJECT JAPAN & THE FOUR ASIAN TIGERS SMARTPHONE TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 3 1 Taiwan's Economic History ............................................................ 4 2 Impact of Globalization on Taiwan .................................................. 5 3 PESTEL- Analysis of Taiwan .......................................................... 6 3.1 Political Aspect ............................................................................... 6 3.2 Economic Aspect ............................................................................. 6 3.3 Social Aspect .................................................................................. 6 3.4 Technological Aspects ...................................................................... 7 3.5 Environmental Aspects ..................................................................... 7 3.6 Legal Aspects ................................................................................. 8 4 Financial Markets of Taiwan .......................................................... 8 4.1 Taiwan Stock Exchange .................................................................... 8 4.2 The Bonds Market ........................................................................... 9 4.3 The Inflation Rate in Taiwan .............................................................. 9 5 The Smartphone...
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...Nintendo Co., Ltd. (???????, Nintendo Kabushiki gaisha?) is a multinational corporation located in Kyoto, Japan. Founded on September 23, 1889[2] by Fusajiro Yamauchi, it produced handmade hanafuda cards.[6] By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as a cab company and a love hotel.[7]}} Nintendo developed into a video game company, becoming what is arguably the most influential in the industry, and Japan's third most valuable listed company, with a market value of over US$85 billion.[8] Also, Nintendo of America is the majority owner of the Seattle Mariners Major League Baseball team.[9] The name Nintendo can be roughly translated from Japanese to English as "leave luck to heaven".[10] As of October 18, 2010, Nintendo has sold over 565 million hardware units and 3.4 billion software units.[11] Contents * 1 History o 1.1 As a card company (1889–1956) o 1.2 New ventures (1956–1974) o 1.3 Electronic era (since 1974) + 1.3.1 Handheld console history * 2 Infrastructure o 2.1 Key Executives o 2.2 Offices and locations * 3 Software development studios o 3.1 First-party studios o 3.2 Second-party studios o 3.3 Former affiliates * 4 Policy o 4.1 Emulation o 4.2 Content guidelines o 4.3 License guidelines o 4.4 Seal of Quality + 4.4.1 NTSC regions + 4...
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