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Rinal Physiology

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Name the part of the nephron associated with each step of urine formations (3 points)

Filtration: in the glomerulus__________________________

Reabsorption: in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and in the loop of Henly__________________________

Secretion: In the proximal convoluted tubules, distal convoluted tubules, and collecting duct____________________________

Activity 2: Understanding Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors that Affect Filtration Rate (GFR)

1. Explain how the macula densa influences GFR? (2 points)

Macula densa senses fluid flow in the nephron. If there is an increase in blood flow, the macula densa senses that and vasoconstrictor substances are released that lead to vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole, which will lead to decrease in the GFR and glomerular capillary pressure. And if there is a low blood flow we will have a vasodilation.

2. What happens to GFR if the diameter of the afferent arteriole is increased? Why? (2 points)
We will have an increase of pressure in the glomerulus, more blood can get in there than can get out, so if there is an increase of volume there will be increase of pressure and increase of GFR.

3. What happens to GFR when blood pressure is increased? (1 point)
If arterial pressure increases, the renal blood flow would increase, leading to increase in GFR and an increase of urine output.

4. What happens to GFR when the diameter of the efferent arteriole is increased? (1 point)
The GFR will decrease. Because pressure will decrease, more blood can exit than enter, so we will have less volume and pressure.

Activity 3: Understanding Tubular Reabsorption and things that affect it.

1. Define Tubular reabsorption (1 point)
Tubular reabsorption is the movement of solutes and water from the lumen of the renal tubules back into the plasma. Without reabsorption, we would

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