...monopoly at that time.[8] The phrase herbal tea usually refers to infusions of fruit or herbs made without the tea plant, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos. These are also known as tisanes or herbal infusions to distinguish them from "tea" as it is commonly construed. The Chinese character for tea is 茶, originally written with an extra stroke as 荼 (pronounced tu, used as a word for a bitter herb), and acquired its current form during the Tang Dynasty as used in the eighth-century treatise on tea, The Classic of Tea.[9][10][11] The word is pronounced differently in the different varieties of Chinese, such as chá in Mandarin, zo and dzo in Wu Chinese, and ta and te in Min Chinese.[12] One suggestion is that the different pronunciations may have arisen from the different words for tea in ancient China, for example tu (荼) may have given rise to tê;[13] historical phonologists however argued that the cha, te and dzo all arose from the same root...
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...What was the Bretton Woods system? Outline its main pillars and discuss to what extent, if any, its architecture led to both post-war stability and prosperity in the developed world throughout capitalism’s ‘golden age’ “50 Years is Enough” In the final months of the Second world war, an architecture of stability for the international economy emerged. The United States and Britain, having already committed to each other with the signing of Mutual Aid Agreement(1941)1, vied to create a multilateral economic system to replace the international gold standard and its structural rigidity. The Bretton Woods agreement of 1944 established a dollar-gold standard of fixed, but adjustable, exchange rates of $US35 an ounce2. Which, according to Milton Friedman, “carried within it the seeds of its own destruction”3. The Institutions of neo-liberal global economic governance4, were formed; International Monetary Fund, & International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The Twin Pillars of post-war order5, an “economic super-government”6 essentially adopting both; U.S. Inflation rates.7 and US political policies8. There has been no country in history that has emerged from war into such happy economic circumstances as the United States in 19459. General Maximum Price Regulation(1942) was signed after the attack on Pearl Harbour, controlling most prices beneath a price ceiling until '46, and imposing penalties on violations. In addition to a comprehensive ration system. In order to maximise...
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...Singapore As Singapore is a founding member of ASEAN, they joined ASEAN in August 8, 1964. Singapore was located the islands between Malaysia and Indonesia in South East Asia. Furthermore, Singapore has no land boundaries with other countries. The capital city of Singapore was also Singapore as one state, one city. Nowadays, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong governs Singapore as Head of Government. However, Singapore used the Singalish as main language and they also use English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. Moreover, they used their currency as Singapore Dollar (S$). The figure of Singapore's Land and Map Source: http://www.wordtravels.com/Travelguide/Countries/Singapore/Map Land Area The total area of Singapore is 647.5 sq. km. According to research, Singapore used 12% for roads, 15% for housing and 73% for others as Singapore's Land Area Usage in 2014. The diagram of Singapore land area usage in 2014 Source: 3s1ihc1transport.wiki.hci.edu.sg Political System Singapore is a republic with a parliamentary system of government. The city-state and former British colony adopted the Westminster model after it gained independence on 9 August 1965. There are three branches of the Government of Singapore: Executive, Legislative and the Judiciary. Population The total population in Singapore was last recorded at 5.5 million people in 2014 from 1.7 million in 1960. The chart of Singapore population is as follow; Source: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/singapore/population ...
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...medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.[4][5] It is an official language of almost 60 sovereign states and the most commonly spoken language in sovereign states including the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and a number of Caribbean nations. It is the third-most-common native language in the world, after Mandarin and Spanish.[6] It is widely learned as a second language and is an official language of the European Union and of the United Nations, as well as of many world organisations. English arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England as a fusion of closely related dialects, now collectively termed Old English. These dialects had been brought to the south-eastern coast of Great Britain by Anglo-Saxons settlers by the 5th century. The word English is the modern spelling of englisc, the name used by the Angles and Saxons for their language, after the Angles' ancestral region of Angeln. The language was also influenced early on by the Old Norse language through Viking invasions in the 9th and 10th centuries. The Norman conquest of England in the 11th century gave rise to heavy borrowings from Norman French: thus a layer of elaborate vocabulary, particularly in the field of governance, and some Romance-language spelling conventions were added to what had by then become Middle English.[7] The Great Vowel Shift that began in the south of England in the 15th century is one of the events that mark the emergence of Modern English...
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...growth of 9.8% per annum. The financial epicenter has shifted towards China, and the 'far east' has clearly proved that it cannot be left 'far' behind. Although, it is argued that in the next decade China's exponential growth might slow down or even halt. This is a major change that strategists foresee. In such times, there will be a paradigm shift towards consumerism in China, and a substantial decrease in production and exports. The export-driven model will need to be restructured, give way to domestic demand. This will be an era of moderate-sustainable growth and the Chinese economy will shift focus from heavy industry to services. There will be greater investment in technology and the demand for managerial and marketing talent will rise. As a response, many Chinese multinationals are already showing an...
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...gained a boost after the colonization of North American and the consequent rise of United States to the most influential nation in the world. Since the end of the World War II, the use of English in the world has been catapulted by the increased dominance of United States and Britain in world affairs especially in the International organizations like United Nations We teach a skill, and a subject, just like any other skill and subject. we do serve as cultural informants to students as they try to get their bearings in a new country. They want to know what's going on and why, so they can make their own choices about how to fit it. This is a service, not imperialism. Knowledge of English has become a basic requirement in different fields, occupation and professions like Medicine, computing and many others (Bishop and Philips, 2006). This use of English in education and economic areas can be traced to the era of industrial revolution in Britain and the consequent industrial revolution that led to a number of inventions. As a way of spreading the technological invention to the rest of the world, English was adopted as a means of communication and henceforth it has become an important part communication in the world. Today, more than one billion people can speak English at a basic level and the language has also become one of the six official languages in the United Nations (Crystal, 1997). The rise of English has had positive impacts to the world. Most Linguisticians have...
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...almost 60 sovereign states. It is the third-most-common native language in the world, after Mandarin Chinese and Spanish.[6] It is widely learned as a second language and is an official language of the European Union, many Commonwealth countries and the United Nations, as well as in many world organisations. English arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and what is now southeast Scotland. Following the extensive influence of England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom from the 17th to mid-20th centuries through the British Empire, it has been widely propagated around the world.[7][8][9][10] Through the spread of American-dominated media and technology,[11] English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions.[12][13] Historically, English originated from the fusion of closely related dialects, now collectively termed Old English, which were brought to the eastern coast of Great Britain by Germanic settlers (Anglo-Saxons) by the 5th century; the word English is simply the modern spelling of englisc, the name of the Angles[14] and Saxons for their language, after the Angles’ ancestral region of Angeln (in what is now Schleswig-Holstein). The language was also influenced early on by the Old Norse language through Viking invasions in the 9th and 10th centuries. The Norman conquest of England in the 11th century gave rise to heavy borrowings from Norman French, and vocabulary and spelling conventions began to give...
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...the number has risen since then. There are almost 338000 students who study in school based French immersion program and almost 1.5 million students are taking core courses in other languages. Each province has increased their enrollment in immersion program by 1 to 5 percent since 2000 but eastern Canada has shown the maximum progress, British Columbia has their policy of first come served signup, which delayed their growth in bilingualism. Status of bilingualism showed a decline growth over past few years due to rise of other multicultural groups in Canada. Given the rise of different language group over the last years there is growing movement toward creating Canada as a multilingual nation. I totally support bilingualism, English and French school in Canada but I feel that there should be more options for other language as second language education. Metropolitan cities school has more options of second language courses. Courses like Spanish, Mandarin or Punjabi, for example – have been multiplying across Canada. There is an urgent need to support Canada as multilingual nation. This program is not just for immigrant to help them to keep alive their mother tongue although it is about celebrating multilingualism the way we celebrate multiculturalism in Canada officially, Studies have been done and it is concluded that large proportion of...
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...Sentence patterns for basic Chinese conversations: zhe4 | this | na4 | that | mei3 | each/every | na3 | which? | yi1 | one | liang3 | a couple | shi2 | ten | Can I (enter, buy)? | wǒ néng bù néng (jìn qu, mǎi) | Can you (help me, sell)? | nǐ néng bù néng (bāngmáng, mài)? | Do you have (an airplane ticket)? | <nǐ> yǒu (zhāng jīpiào) ma? | How much does (this; measure word) cost? | (zhèi {ge, tiáo, běn} ) yào duōshao qián? | I am (Indian) | wǒ shì (Yìndù rén) | I am not( American, Native American) * | wǒ bú shì (Měiguórén, Yìndì'ānrén ) | I have ( passport, 2 pieces of luggage) | wǒ yǒu (hùzhào, liǎng jiàn xíngli) | I do not have (Chinese visa, two photos) | wǒ méi yǒu (qiānzhèng, liǎng zhāng zhàopiàn) | I lost my (passport, money purse, id papers) | wǒde (hùzhào,qiánbāo, shēnfèn zhèngmíng) diū le. | I need (to see a doctor, go to the airport) | wǒ yào (kànbìng, qù jīchǎng) | I do not need (to go to the airport, a taxi) | wǒ bú yào (qù jīchǎng, chūzū qìchē) | I would like to/ think I want to (go to hotel, go to hospital) | wǒ xiǎng (qù jiǔdiàn/lǚguǎn,qù yīyuàn) | I would not like to (rest, eat food) | Wǒ bùxiǎng (xiūxí /chīfàn) * | I will stay in (Beijing) for (four days, a week) | Wǒ yào zài (Běijīng) dāi (sī tiān, Yīgè xīngqí) | Is there a (restaurant, market) closeby? | fùjìn yǒu (fànguǎn,chāoshì) ma? | Please give me ( a receipt, room keys) | qǐng gěi wǒ (fāpiào, fángjiān yàoshi) | Please help me (register, call my...
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...Since southern California is large, the coordinates are used as a general location, the point does not represent all of southern California. This place is known to have a lot of earthquakes. The earthquakes have shaped this landscape into what we see today. The quakes have given rise to many mountains, the San Andrea’s fault, and places like Death Valley. Most of Southern California’s climate is hot desert. This climate can vary slightly depending if you are near the coast, in the mountains, or inland. Since the climate is hot desert, the vegetation had to adapt to live in these conditions. Some plants, like the cactus, store their water within itself, so during the dry seasons it can live. Southern California also has vegetation that is very common like trees, flowers, and bushes that are found anywhere. Animals also live in this climate, for example, lizards, snakes, scorpions, coyotes, raccoons, eagles, blue jays, and...
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...need, how you will prepare and serve a quick, easy and delicious fruit pizza. * The first step in making the fruit pizza is to gather all the ingredients and materials needed. * To begin I make a list of the ingredients I need, I got the recipe from Pilsbury.com * The following ingredients are essential to the Fruit pizza. For the crust you will need just one ingredient 1. 1 roll of Pillsbury sugar cookie dough Then for the frosting you will need 2. 1 Package of Cream Cheese softened 3. 1/3 cup of sugar 4. ½ a teaspoon of vanilla For the toppings you can include all or just a few of the fruits, depending on your liking 1. Strawberries 2. Kiwis 3. Raspberries 4. Blueberries 5. Mandarin Oranges On Foodnetwork.com they even add chocolate chips to add as toppings to the pizza. On Allrecipes.com they have another variation you can choose to do or not. They add an apple jelly to cover the fruit. I personally do not care for the jelly. The materials you will need will be: 1. A 12 in round pizza pan 2. Non-stick spray or foil 3. Small Bowl 4. Electric Mixer After you have all the ingredients and materials rounded up now we can start the fun part! The baking. There is 10 easy steps in making this simple and delicious dessert, now for the first step, 1. Before you begin preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit, that way it will be at the desired temperature when you are...
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...The Power of the Cultural Globalization: Taiwanese Pop Music in China In recent years, much of the most popular music and artists in China and throughout the Chinese-speaking world (Singapore, Hong Kong, overseas Chinese, and, to a certain extent, Malaysia) have come from Taiwan. Even in non-Chinese-speaking countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region (such as Japan, Korea, and Indonesia), Taiwanese pop culture is becoming increasingly trendy and fashionable. This has happened despite significant challenges that Taiwan faces due to its unique political situation and is a testament that the pillar of cultural globalization has to the power to transcend national boundaries. In fact, Taiwan’s success in media and entertainment is bringing Taiwan and China far closer together than political and economic means have over the past six decades. Since China began opening up to the world in the 1980s, mainland Chinese have been more receptive to music from other parts of the Chinese-speaking world, in spite of cultural and political differences. Nowhere is this more obvious than the vociferous consumption of Taiwanese pop culture, particularly its music. According to Baidu, China’s top search engine, 12 of the Top 25 singles in China in December 2007 were from Taiwan, including seven songs in the Top 10. Another seven were by artists from Hong Kong and Singapore. Only eight songs on the list were from mainland artists. One potential reason for this success is Taiwan’s relative...
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...Q:Define term economic integration.Also discuss its economic effects in long run. Ans:Definition:Economic integration is the unification of economic policies between different states through the partial or full abolition of tariff and non-tariff restrictions on trade taking place among them prior to their integration.In economics, the word integration was first employed in industrial organisation to refer to combinations of business firms through economic agreements, cartels, concerns, trusts, and mergers—horizontal integration referring to combinations of competitors, vertical integration to combinations of suppliers with customers. Objectives: There are economic and well as political reasons why nations peruse economic integration. · Offering products or services at lower prices with the goal of increasing the combined economic productivity of the states. · economic integration has been thought of as the "second best" option for global trade where barriers to full free trade exist · Increase in trade between members states of economic unions that it is meant to lead to higher productivity. · It gives comparative advantage to countries. Comparative advantage refers to the ability of a person or a country to produce a particular good or service at a lower marginal and opportunity cost over another. · To achieve economies of scale. Economies of scale refer to the cost advantages that an enterprise obtains due to expansion. · Political reasons · increased efficiency and...
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...Intern. Mkt 4410 Export Plan Grieve case- Export Plan 1) Product: Laboratory and Industrial ovens and furnaces Tariff Number: 8417.80.00 2) Target Market: Singapore [pic] [pic] Singapore is located in Southeast Asia in between Malaysia and Indonesia. With a population of about 5.3 million, the people of Singapore are divided ethnically but mostly, about 75%, are Chinese. The next two ethnic groups are Malaysian and Indian. Mandarin and English are the two prime languages spoken in Singapore. The economy they have adopted is the free market economy, they have an open and corruption free environment, and have a GDP that ranks 7th in the world at approximately $62,000. With their stable prices and high levels of exports, Singapore is on its way to be one of the most established countries in Southeast Asia. 3) Market Entry Requirement: The Singapore market is easier to enter for Grieve because of the Free Trade Agreement that Singapore and the U.S. created in 2004. This agreement has been mutually beneficial for both countries, increasing their trade by 54% and making the U.S. the 3rd largest supplier of goods to Singapore. The agreement states that there are zero tariffs between the two, and there can not be an increase of any duties on U.S. products. Due to the open relationship, Grieve should be able to jump into the equation and utilize the free trade laws that in place to his advantage. It is the ideal location for market penetration due to...
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...ELECTRONIC ASSIGNMENT COVERSHEET | | Student Number | 31963763 | Surname | Dendup | Given name | Tenzin | Email | Dendup.tenzin3@gmail.com | | | Unit Code | POL161 | Unit name | Asia Pacific in the Global System | Enrolment mode | Internal / external | Date | 13/05/2013 | Assignment number | 2 | Assignment name | Rise of China and Its Security Risk to Australia | Tutor | Kreisti Nillus | Student’s Declaration: * Except where indicated, the work I am submitting in this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted for assessment in another unit. * This submission complies with Murdoch University's academic integrity commitments. I am aware that information about plagiarism and associated penalties can be found at http://www.murdoch.edu.au/teach/plagiarism/. If I have any doubts or queries about this, I am further aware that I can contact my Unit Coordinator prior to submitting the assignment. * I acknowledge that the assessor of this assignment may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment: * reproduce this assignment and provide a copy to another academic staff member; and/or * submit a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism-checking service. This web-based service may retain a copy of this work for the sole purpose of subsequent plagiarism checking, but has a legal agreement with the University that it will not share or reproduce it in any form. * I have retained a copy of this assignment. * I will...
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