...RESEARCH PAPER ON RJ REYNOLD’s AMERICAN BACKGROUND HISTORY Reynolds American, the second-largest tobacco company in the United States was formed in January 2004 and began trading publicly on the New York Stock Exchange as RAI in August 2004. Reynolds American is also known as the parent company of American Snuff Company (formerly Conwood Company, LLC), Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company, Inc., and Niconovum AB. This company has approximately 28 percent of U.S. cigarette sales. The company offers products in all segments of the market and makes many of the nation's best-selling cigarette brands, including: Camel, Pall Mall, Kool, Winston, Salem and Doral. In 1913, Reynolds Tobacco introduced Camel cigarettes, containing a blend of several different types of tobacco, a blend that would come to be called “the American blend.” Supported by a unique introductory advertising campaign, Camel became the first nationally popular cigarette in the United States. Reynolds Tobacco established virtually every packaging standard in the U.S. cigarette industry. The 20-cigarette pack was introduced by Reynolds Tobacco in 1913, and in 1915 the company introduced the one-piece, 10-pack carton. In 1931, Reynolds Tobacco became the first company to package its cigarettes with a moisture-proof, sealed cellophane outer wrap to preserve freshness. In 1918, Richard Joshua Reynolds – Reynolds Tobacco’s founder – died at the age of 68. In 1925, Brown & Williamson purchased J.G. Flynt Tobacco Co. and...
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...If you don’t have a name, identify a job title. Do not list alternatives that other people have; only list the options facing your chosen role. You are making your character's decisions and no one else's. Identify your character: Marie-Christine Berthelin Step 1 - Identify the Problem/Opportunity. Identify the major problem or opportunity from your character's perspective in one or two sentences. Hobert Reynolds spending too much money on personal entertainment while using company funds. Step 2 - Identify the Causes of the Problem/Opportunity. Internal and external environmental factors should be examined. Causes of problems or opportunities tend to be historical in nature. Consider: Why did the problem/opportunity occur? When did it begin? Where does it occur? Where doesn't it occur? What effective management practices should the organization be using? What has the organization failed to do? Mr. Reynolds feels that it by giving the employees all the extra entertainment opportunities that it will motivate them to do better at their jobs. Mr. Reynolds feels that because there has never been a problem before why is it a problem now. Step 3 - List Alternative Solutions to the Problem (or ways to take advantage of the opportunity). Proposed alternatives should be consistent with the problem(s)/opportunity(ies) and cause(s) identified. Develop at least three possible...
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...vice presidents, Nick Smith, called a meeting of product managers and other staff to plan marketing strategies. Brewster's immediate superior, the product manager, was unable to attend, so the director of marketing, Jeff Reynolds, invited Brewster to the meeting to help orient him to his new job. Because of the large number of people attending, Reynolds was rather brief in introducing Brewster to Smith, who, as vice president, was presiding over the meeting. After the meeting began, Smith—a crusty veteran with a reputation for bluntness—began asking a series of probing questions that most of the product managers were able to answer in detail. Suddenly he turned to Brewster and began to quest ion him quite closely about his group of products. Somewhat confused, Brewster confessed that he did not know the answers. It was immediately apparent to Reynolds that Smith had forgotten or had failed to understand that Brewster was new to this job and was attending the meeting more for his own orientation than to contribute to it. He was about to offer a discreet explanation when Smith, visibly annoyed with what he took to be Brewster's lack of preparation, announced, Gentlemen, you have just seen an example of sloppy staff work, and there is no excuse for it!" Reynolds had to make a quick decision. He could interrupt Smith and point out that he had judged Brewster unfairly; but that course of action might embarrass both his superior and his subordinates. Alternatively, he could wait until...
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...IT’S MY BIKE Debbie Martin was overjoyed when she was selected the new Supplier Quantity Manager for the commercial product division of Cold Air Corporation. In this role, she was responsible for monitoring the quality of component parts for twelve production lines scattered throughout the large manufacturing plant. When she started the new position, Debbie knew she would be faced with many opportunities and conflicts. Her immediate supervisor, the manager of shipping and receiving, was not known as an easy person to work for. He expected his subordinates to have a take charge attitude and to avoid bothering him with trivial issues. What Debbie had not envisioned was just how trivial and non-productive some of the conflicts in her new position would be. She certainly had not expected to be on the verge of a fistfight. Debbie was just starting her shift when she received a telephone call from Ronnie, one of her subordinates. Ronnie was a purchasing parts inspector, and was responsible for inspecting certain incoming parts for all production lines in the plant. He was complaining that the Airhandler Quality team had borrowed “the bike” for a special project and would not return it. He reminded Debbie of his current project and how covering the entire 15-acre plant on foot would only delay completion of the project. Debbie rolled her eyes as she thought about the logistics of inspecting component past’s three separate buildings. She also realized that Ronnie had a...
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...was President and CEO of Quality Metal Service Centers with the following comment: Although I am satisfied with the company's past performance, I believe that we have the ability to increase sales and profitability. Given the expansion of the market and competitive position, it is my feeling that we have missed certain opportunities to grow. I do not know if our government system has been to discourage managers to adhere to the objectives of the company, which is growing fast and being above average ROA compared with other companies in the industry. I want you to have it in mind when you are evaluating our system. proliferation Metal industry Metal Service Centers purchase from many factories (e.mills), including USX, Bethlehem, Alcoa, Reynolds and smaller companies like Crucible, Northwestern and Youngstown . These suppliers sell products in large batches. By doing this they maximize the throughput capacity of large production end collisions (e.run). Service Centers sells its consumers in smaller batches and shorter processing time. The distribution of metal industry was generally considered of mature, highly competitive and sundering industry. Still has a lot of firsts in the industry who have given Service Centers opportunity to grow. cuts in steel plant in their effort to be more competitive by increasing production capacity, most large national metal manufacturers have been withdrawn product lines by skip specialty produced in limited quantities. Also, they had to reduce...
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...Introduction In this experiment as we see from the title is energy losses due to friction of a pipe. As this experiment is one of the usual experiments because the results of such types of experiments are used in our lives. We take an example of central heating in a house, pipes is all over the house so to work properly and without more losses you expect you have to do this experiments. Our experiment it was simple of the way to get the measurements we want to study it. The objective of this experiment as the title is saying and as we said is to find the losses and the friction in a cylindrical pipe. We will change the pressure drop, the volume of the water, the diameter of the pipe to scratch the surface of the many factors due to calculate and have some results. Moreover from this experiment is two factors from friction when the flow is laminar and when is turbulence. These two factors are basic to see the difference between the generalised smoothens in the pipes. By doing this and comparing we can afford to get a conclusion for the flow rate in a pipe and how is reacting depending of the diameter of the pipes and other factors we will see in the experiment. Aim and objectives: As we said from our introduction the aim this experiment is to study the behaviour of water in the pipes find the losses and the friction in different diameter of pipes. Therefore to gain an insight into the behaviour of fluid flow in pipes the connections for estimating energy losses. We have...
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...large and become more concentrated through consolidation. And they buy in large amount and maintain relationships with more than one can supplier. In addition, there can be the threat of backward integration. But metal producers are unlikely to put the threats of forward integration => High l Bargaining power of suppliers There are three largest aluminum suppliers; Alcoa, Alcan and Reynolds Metal. Aluminum is classic oligopoly dominated by Alcan and Alcoa. Reynolds may benefit from R&D synergies. Also there is a threat of forward integration. =>High l Threat of new entrants It seems that barriers to entry are low. Product differentiation and switching cost is not that high. Capital costs for three-piece can product lines are relatively low but capital costs for a two-piece can line is $20-25 million. =>moderate l Substitute There are many substitutes for metal containers- glass, plastic paper, and paper-andplastic combinations. Switching cost is low. => High l Rivalry Industry is dominated by 5 major firms. The largest is American national can (25%), Continental can (18%), Reynolds metal (7%),...
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...I. Abstract INTRODUCTION: Air resistance (Drag) affects vehicle acceleration and its ability to handle and achieve good fuel efficiency. A car designed with better airflow has less difficulty accelerating and requires less engine power to push the car through the air. This results in better fuel consumption. There are several ways to improve the quality of the vehicle shape to reduce drag. Rounded designs and shapes on the exterior of the vehicle as well as components on the underside of the body channel the air to flow with the least possible resistance. Our purpose during this experiment was to evaluate and compare the effect of vehicle shape on the fuel efficiency. METHOD: This experiment was performed using three different car models of variable shape and size that are present in today’s industry; an SUV, a sedan and a sports car were used. Each vehicle was placed individually inside the wind tunnel and the drag force was measured at 5 different wind speeds for each respective vehicle. Measurements were also performed in increasing and decreasing order for each vehicle for a total of 10 measurements per vehicle. RESULTS: The SUV was observed to have the largest drag force over the variable wind speeds, while the Sports car was observed to have the smallest drag force compared to the other two vehicles. A linear relationship between the drag force and the wind speed is observed for the 3 different vehicles. CONCLUSION: Our data indicates that larger vehicles...
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...Computational Estimation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Airships ME 399 PROJECT COURSE REPORT August-November 2013 1 November 2014 Abstract The Aerodynamics of ZHIYUAN-1 Airship with fin and Gondola has been studied using Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The various aerodynamic characteristics of airship have been successfully studied using overset grids and the computed flight parameters are then compared with the experimental data and are found to be agreeing well for small angle of attacks. The static stability of the airship has also been investigated and the aerodynamic center of the airship has been located as a part of the stability analysis. 1 Introduction Recent renewed interest in airships with varied applications in the field of advertisement, cargo transport, surveillance, communication systems, extending Internet access in remote areas is the primary motivation for this study. The estimation of aerodynamic characteristics is important for the design of control and propulsion systems of the airship. Airship analysis has traditionally been done using inviscid potential flow methods coupled with boundary layer corrections based on integral momentum methods have been used to estimate the drag coefficient of airships [1-4]. However, the application of these methods is strictly restricted to non-separating flows and flows at zero or small angles of attack. In real-life applications, the airship does encounter flow separation at large...
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...Donna Dubinsky and Apple Computer Case questions 1. Why was Dubinsky initially so successful at Apple? * The organizational structure for apply and the distribution division was simply and clean * She claimed that having a good supervisor as mentor is precious, and guided her career path * With her ways of doing and managing phrased by her subordinates, Dubinsky was able to equip herself not only the position powers but also reputation and personal power * In terms of work evaluation, she maintained good relationships with all dealers, a critical factor in the industry. * Employees of distribution group took pride in their system’s efficiency and simplicity. It is very critical for the employees to agree and feel good about what they do. 2. Why did she respond the way she did to the JIT proposal? Two parts, emotional and rational * The distribution division was doing excellent, as they never caused a delay in product delivery, also maintain good relationships with dealers. All of a sudden, the top management suggested a proposal that was almost mandatory. * It is very offensive that other people step into her domain and try to break what her team has created. * The rationale behind the proposal was not in favor to apple’s good in a long term. As off the shelf business got to have inventory, and also room for faulty and returned product. 3. What do you think she should have done differently? Be specific. * Instead...
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...1. Develop a calibration curve with the voltages that were taken, in order to determine the velocity at any voltage. You must determine the velocity at each frequency of the stepper motor. If you think of the frequency as being equivalent to some number of cycles per second, then 1 cycle is equal to 1 step. The travel is equivalent to 0.00086’’ per step. Then, use the polyfit and polyval functions in MATLAB to obtain a 5th order polynomial that will fit your data. Polyfit and polyval use the least squares approach to fit the data. Remember, you calibrated the sensor for two directions of flow, so one direction must be considered to be negative velocities and the other direction should be considered positive velocities. Refer to the direction where you only calibrated from 0 to 0.8 kHz as being negative velocity. Display your left, right, and average voltage markers for each known velocity, along with the calibration curve with velocity in meters/second on the x-axis and voltage in volts on the y-axis. Table 1 – Data for calibration Direction | Frequency (kHz) | Velocity (m/s) | Voltage, left (V) | Voltage, right (V) | Average Voltage (V) | Positive | 0.8 | -0.0175 | 0.1203 | 0.1209 | 0.1206 | | 0.6 | -0.0131 | 0.1323 | 0.1299 | 0.1311 | | 0.4 | -0.00874 | 0.1328 | 0.1365 | 0.1346 | | 0.2 | -0.00437 | 0.1407 | 0.1411 | 0.1409 | | 0 | 0 | 0.1441 | 0.1413 | 0.1427 | Negative | 0 | 0 | 0.1400 | 0.1423 | 0.1411 | | 0.2 | 0.00437 | 0.1413 | 0.1436 | 0.1424 | ...
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...Abstract: The purpose of this lab will be to investigate air resistance and determine the exponent for a falling coffee filter. Therefore, we measured the mass of the coffee filters to determine their weight, so that we will be able to use the values to determine the amount of air resistance encountered by the coffee filters. The results of the trials are shown in the table analysis that will be attached. There will also be graphs attached that will correspond to the data collected. Introduction: As any type of object falls, they increase their speed due to the downward pull of gravity. Air resistance counteracts gravity's pull by resisting the downward motion of the object. Even the coffee filters have shown an increase of speed with their downward pull of gravity. The amount of air resistance depends upon a variety of factors, most noticeably, the object's speed. As objects move faster, they encounter more air resistance which was shown in this lab experiment. That is, when the amount of upward air resistance force is equal to the downward gravity force, the object will have a balance of forces and is said to have reached a terminal velocity. The terminal velocity value is the final, constant velocity number reached by the falling object. Methods: For this lab we used coffee filters and the science building atrium which we will be using to drop the coffee filters from the third floor. A computer in order to compute the information into excel for...
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...[pic] “Did the development of a middle-class ‘public sphere’ significantly alter artistic practice during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?” In The Structural transformation of the Public Sphere[1], Jürgen Habermas describes how this area in social life, both separated from the “private sphere” and the “sphere of public authority”, where people can get together and freely discuss and identify societal problems and trough that even influence political action, has not always existed. Its creation was part of a long process that had its peak at the turn of the eighteenth century. He also explains how, although this phenomenon concerns the whole of the European society, the British case stands out. The genesis of the public sphere is first of all associated to an economical factor. As a result from the modernization of the economy, based upon a systematic use of public credit and the free circulation of goods and capital, it is especially the city of London that expanded at a remarkable speed with the sudden and fast development of merchant banking and insurance, as well as warehousing and trading. This new horizon of possibilities on terms of wealth and independence unfolds simultaneously to important shifts in the political arena. After years of blood spill trough civil war, which ended with the execution of King Charles I, a constitutional monarchy was finally established. The idea of a freer, more horizontal conception of social relations started...
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...English assignment: Tell the Women We’re Going summary The short story, “Tell the Women We’re Going” is about two men, Bill and Jerry. Bill and Jerry are best friends and have been so since childhood. Both men now have wives and families but they still take the time to visit each other and catch up frequently. The main part of the story takes place in the present. It is a normal Sunday and the two friends are gathered at Jerry’s place. Ben senses that Jerry has a lot on his mind so the two men decide to go for a drive. The two men set off towards a pub, with Jerry behind the wheel and Bill on the passenger seat. At the pub the two men enjoy themselves by playing some pool, drinking beer and catching up with their old friend, Riley, the bar manager, but Bill and Jerry seem disappointed with the fact that there are no girls there to amuse them. On the way home Bill and Jerry catch sight of two girls on their bicycles but although they are interested they just drive by. After almost a mile Jerry pulls over and suggests that they drive back and try talking to the girls. Bill agrees but asks Jerry to do the talking since he feels a bit “rusty” in approaching girls. The two men follow the girls for a while intending to have sex with them. The two girls reject Bill and Jerry and drive by just glancing back at them. The rejection makes the two men even more eager and they start following the girls by foot. In the end Bill and Jerry catch up with the girls and Jerry begins...
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...Name: Harmony Ojehomon Topic: Wind blade Aerodynamic Content 1. Introduction 2. Calculation of the blade angle 3. Reynolds number 4. Testing the blade rotor in the wind turbine 5. Conclusion Introduction Wind power is one of the renewable technologies the world is counting on to provide sustainable and non-polluting power. The purpose report discusses how a prototype wind blade is designed, built and tested. The aim is to build a wind blade is built in terms of power extracted from the wind. Method F (resultant) D (drag) L (lift) Rw U The diagram above shows an aerofoil-section blade in a free air stream velocity U. Due to rotation of the turbine the blade velocity (at radius) is Rw. The angle of the aerofoil to the plane is θ. The air velocity relative to the blade is W, at an angle α to the blade: is called the angle of incidence. To ensure a good value of the lift coefficient Cl, α should be in the range 5o -12o. Calculation of the blade angle Take tip ratio λ=6.3 I choose 6.3 as the tip ratio because I am designing for 2 blade rotor. It needs a low drag coefficient on the blade to oppose the motion of the blade and so to detract from the wind turbine performance. Wind speed u= 9ms-1 The blade velocity Rw=54 The blade angle θ =? Tan θ = (u/Rw) θ =9.460 (approximate to whole number) =100 The angle of aerofoil θ=100. Since we already know the angle θ we need to calculate w which is a constant and since...
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