...significant issue in today’s society, but people are not completely sure why the war on drugs has failed. In reference to Jello Biafra, the war on drugs is a type of a prohibition, but the real question is how big of an underground has this war created that it has ultimately failed. The start of the war on drugs can officially be dated as far back as 1971 when Richard Nixon declared drug abuse as “public enemy number one”, and he increased the size and presence of federal drug control agencies (Drug Policy Alliance, 2014). Later, during Ronald Reagan’s presidency, the number of people incarcerated for drug abuse shot up sky high due to his zero tolerance policy, and the unpredicted rise of illicit drug use. When we say the war on drugs has failed, we usually consider that the use of illicit drugs could not be reduced and is on the rise. However, it is also because it is costing more and more lives every day in addition to all the resources used coming out of the taxpayers’ pockets. In short, the war on drugs has failed because the government enforced punishment instead of prevention, which led to creating a black market that increased crime and corruption, resulting in loss of resources and a worse economy. First, since the beginning of this drug war, the government has been focused on enforcing tough punishments instead of finding out ways that could prevent the distribution and use of illicit drugs. Although some people have a mindset that by bringing an offender to justice...
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...specific examples of different countries and interviews with related parties. Episode One "The Battle of Ideas," gives an overview of the battle between two major competing ideas about the world economy over the course of last century. On the one hand, the English economist Keynes believes in the ‘planned economy’ and advocates the government intervention to mitigate the risk during economic recession or depression; On the other hand, the Australian economist Hayek favors the free market mechanism and believes in minimum government intervention as market will eventually take care of itself and the prices system is at the heart of what makes a functioning economy work. The episode tracks the root of these ideas and explains how the world moved toward the government controlled economy during the 20th century in a chronological order summarized as below. The Russian Revolution in 1917 marked the beginning of communism economy, in which government is very important to allocate resources and goods. During the great depression of 1930, the Keynes’ theory began to dominate. According to Keynes, the solution to the depression was for the government to spend more money to restore the full employment. By late 1940s, ‘socialism was on the march and free market was on the retreat’ all over the world. The Keynes’ economic theory dominated for decades until...
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...Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Sociology: Corrections Minnesota State University, Mankato Mankato, Minnesota Spring 2013 Final Draft 4/20/2013 1 This Alternative Plan Paper has been examined and approved by the following members of the Examining Committee. _____________________ Dr. Leah Rogne, Advisor _____________________ Dr. William Wagner _____________________ Dr. Penny Jo Rosenthal _____________________ Dr. Nadarajan Sethuraju ________________ Date 2 Abstract This alternative plan paper examines the circumstances that have evolved as a result of the Reagan Administration’s War on Drugs and the increase of mass incarceration of the Black community. In the last thirty years, the federal government of the United States of America has engaged in campaign known as the “War on Drugs,” which has involved a variety of policies to stop the production, distribution and sale of illegal narcotics. Hundreds of billions of dollars have been spent in a war that has targeted the most vulnerable in our society, impacting its youth for generations to come. This alternative plan paper addresses the impact of the War on Drugs and the criminal justice policies that have impacted the life chances of Black youth nationwide and calls for a new social movement, introducing a 21st century Black Youth Manifesto to ask the youth of the Black community to pick up where previous social movements left off and take back their communities, their families, and...
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...I. United States of America economic history In order to successfully move forward, we need to look to the past. The country’s economic history is like all history, meaning that it examines and observes the past activities of mankind (Fite 4). The most significant periods in the United States economic history are actually the three centuries before England settled in America. There were four changes happening in Western Europe that have greatly influenced America. Those changes were economic, political, religious, and intellectual (Fite 15). So why were these changes so important? They were the reasons that England decided to explore and expand in the western part of the world. The decision to expand trade and commerce was the most important advancement in the history of economics (Fite 15). From the time that the Virginia colonies were settled in 1609 up until 1890, farming was the most important aspect of the United States economy (Fite 30). Although manufactured products were worth more than products produced on a farm for the first time in 1889, farming was how the majority of Americans made a living (Fite 30). Despite the fact that agriculture dominated in these early years and the industrialization of the colonies was well under developed, “there was a high degree of specialization in the colonial economy” (Fite 63). For example, there were tobacco crops in the southern colonies which were crops that produced money, and in the northern colonies there was international...
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...Labor Management Relations Labor management as a definitive term spans over the centuries. Despite the age and issues presented over the years, labor management and, more pointedly, unions continue to be the subject of great debate in today’s business and government environments. As workers and union representatives remain in the forefront of corporate debates over workers rights and wages, one must question how effective labor management relations are today. Unions present the opportunity for workers to have a representative voice; however, as history proves, unions also present the opportunity for union heads to fulfill self-serving agendas that offer little, if any, respite to workers. As such, this paper examines the history of labor management relations to set the stage for included discussion on current labor and union issues to determine how beneficial unions are and whether they do more harm than good in protecting workers’ rights. History Von Otter defines labor management relations as being related to “the rules and policies which govern and organize employment, how these are established and implemented, and how they affect the needs and interests of employees and employers” (np). Labor management relations involves both industry and economics and often encompasses strategic human resources. However, not all sectors of business, economic and social environments “work” well together as history has proven. The world economy experienced massive growth in the twentieth...
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...Name: Azwirah Yasin Course: Econs 001 Title: The strength of a currency reflects its credibility. Or is it the other way round Date: 11/21/2014 In this world of globalization, every country have the strong desire to move the nation forward and nurture their determination to sustain, develop and increase its power among other countries. It is indeed a known fact that we somehow have the richest country to the poorest country, each striving to attain credibility and integrity with countless ways done by their government, Congress, President and society. In short, money plays a massive role in the global economy. Back when I was a teenager, I used to follow my uncle to his work as he owns a money changer and observe blindly how the currency in my country, Malaysia changes from day to day. I would be asking myself about the reason and the aftermath for the currency change. I was told that having a strong currency is what a country would strive in the end. A strong currency means a strong nation, thus a richer country. I began to question the rightness of the fact. Does the strength of the currency really reflect the credibility of its nation? In general, according to an article on New York Times, it is said that ‘The supply of dollars to the foreign exchange market comes from Americans who want to buy goods, services or assets from abroad. The demand for dollars comes from foreigners who want to buy from the United States.’ As said, when there is a high demand, the dollar...
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...The Power of John Paul II’s “Don’t Be Afraid” John Paul II’s Support Of Solidarity And The Assassination Attempt in 1981 The answer to Stalin’s mocking question “How many [military] divisions has the pope?” began to be answered when John Paul II started his pontificate in June 1979 (The Economist, 2005). A new era started, and the Soviet Union rightfully feared the loss of control over the Eastern block, when this great man drove the fear out of all human kind, and gave them hope and strengths. Nothing ever stopped this Polish pope, not even an assassination attempt in 1981, from fighting for human rights, for the mutual acceptance of the neighbors, and from providing moral support to the Polish Solidarity, a movement that changed the world and triggered the fall of Communism in Eastern Europe. Born as Karol Wojtyla on May 18, 1920, in Wadowice, a small city 50 kilometers from Krakow, John Paul II was left on his own in 1941, when his father died (The Holy See, 2005). His mother and brother had died many years before that. After successfully finishing high school, he enrolled into Krakow's Jagiellonian University, and its school of drama. One year later, the Nazis occupied Poland and the University was closed. Karol had to give up his studies and started to work in a factory. However, Karol had already formed a strong character, capable of not being stopped by anything and, while working, in order to achieve his goal of becoming a priest, he begun following...
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...Project Report On Impact of Recession in India Submitted to: Submitted by: Mrs. Kawaljeet Kaur Harsimranjeet Kaur Regd: 625241502 In the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the BBA degree course of the Swami Satyanand College of Management & Technology. INDEX Introduction to recession Definition of recession Attributes of recession Causes & Effects of recession Stock Market & Recession Recession & Politics History of Recession Current crisis in the US Impact of recession in India Consequences of US Recession Conclusion Bibliography Acknowledgement If words are considered to be sign of gratitude then let these words convey the very same. I am highly indebted to lecturer Miss. Shveta, who has provide me with the necessary information and also for the support and her valuable suggestions and comments on bringing out this report in the best way possible. I feel great pleasure to cordial thanks to all faculty members of management department of SSCMT who sincerely supported me with the valuable insights into the completion of this project and I am thankful to that power that always inspire me to take right step in the journey of success...
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...Introduction Business SegmentsFedEx ExpressFedEx GroundFedEx FreightFedEx ServicesCorporate Strategy“Compete Collectively, Manage Collaboratively” • 3. Brand Planning AssessmentThe FedEx PositionWho is the target market?“anyone who needs to send something anywhere in the world. Whether it’s the one and only package you'll ever ship in your life or you have 1000 packages to ship every day.” • 4. Brand Planning AssessmentThe FedEx PositionWho are the main competitors?UPS • 5. Brand Planning AssessmentThe FedEx PositionWhat are the points of parity?-Both companies ship packagesBoth online services allow you to track packages, order supplies and pay bills.What are the points of difference?-FedEx has 3 times as many planes-Print and ship from anywhere services-FedEx has been known to update technology more frequently than UPS • 6. Brand Planning AssessmentThe FedEx PositionFast Forward MovingPrecise • 7. Brand Planning AssessmentKey Marketing ActivitiesAlliances with NFL, NBA, FedEx cup, FedEx racing, the FedEx orange bowl, and the FedEx field Senior Vice President of International Marketing, Rajesh Subramaniam, said, “FedEx sponsors and associates with several sports that share its attributes of speed, reliability, precision, teamwork and flawless execution.” • 8. Brand Valuation Assessment Building EquityFavorability & Awareness Through Six ElementsMEMORABLEMEANINGFULLIKEABLETRANSFERABLEADAPTABLEPROTECTABLE • 9. Brand Valuation...
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...4/20/2013 1 This Alternative Plan Paper has been examined and approved by the following members of the Examining Committee. _____________________ Dr. Leah Rogne, Advisor _____________________ Dr. William Wagner _____________________ Dr. Penny Jo Rosenthal _____________________ Dr. Nadarajan Sethuraju ________________ Date 2 A bstract This alternative plan paper examines the circumstances that have evolved as a incarceration of the Black community. In the last thirty years, the federal government of the United States of America has engaged in camp which has involved a variety of policies to stop the production, distribution and sale of illegal narcotics. Hundreds of billions of dollars have been spent in a war that has targeted the most vulnerable in our society, impacting its youth for generations to come. This alternative plan paper addresses the impact of the War on Drugs and the criminal justice policies that have impacted the life chances of Black youth nationwide and calls for a new social movement, introducing a 21st century Black Youth Manifesto to ask the youth of the Black community to pick up where previous social movements left off and take back their communities, their families, and reclaim their hope for...
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...LAFFER ASSOCIATES Supply-Side Investment Research 10-yr T-Note: 4.27% DJIA: 10,538.66 NASDAQ: 2,057.37 CIC Securities January 6, 2004 S&P 500: 1,123.67 S&P 500 Undervalued: 56.7% THE LAFFER CURVE: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE1 By Arthur B. Laffer The story of how the Laffer Curve got its name isn’t one of the Just So Stories by Rudyard Kipling. It began with a 1978 article published by Jude Wanniski in The Public Interest entitled, “Taxes, Revenues, and the ‘Laffer Curve.’” As recounted by Wanniski (associate editor of the Wall Street Journal at the time), in December of 1974 he had been invited to have dinner with me (then professor at the University of Chicago), Don Rumsfeld (chief of staff to President Gerald Ford) and Dick Cheney (Rumsfeld’s deputy and my former classmate at Yale) at the Two Continents Restaurant at the Washington Hotel in Washington, D.C. (just across the street from the Treasury). While discussing President Ford’s “WIN” (Whip Inflation Now) proposal for tax increases, I supposedly grabbed my napkin and a pen and sketched a curve on the napkin illustrating the trade off between tax rates and tax revenues. Wanniski named the trade off “The Laffer Curve.” I personally don’t remember the details of that evening we all spent together, but Wanniski’s version could well be true. I used the so-called Laffer Curve all the time in my classes and to anyone else who would listen to illustrate the trade off between tax rates and tax revenues. My only question...
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...The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School The Mary Jane and Frank P. Smeal College of Business ESSAYS IN POLITICAL MARKETING A Dissertation in Business Administration by David LeBaron 2008 David N. LeBaron Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2008 The thesis of David N. LeBaron was reviewed and approved* by the following: William T. Ross, Jr. Professor of Marketing Dissertation Co-Advisor Co-Chair of Committee John C. Liechty Associate Professor of Marketing Dissertation Co-Advisor Co-Chair of Committee Peter Ebbes Assistant Professor of Marketing David J. Huff Clinical Assistant Professor of Supply Chain and Information Systems Johannes Baumgartner Professor of Marketing Head of the Department of Marketing *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT Political marketing sits at the nexus of two disciplines, political science and marketing, but is not entirely accepted by either. The present research looks at the origin, development, and evolution of political marketing and examines how the adoption of a political marketing orientation is impacting the practice of political campaigns. The role of political marketing in actually changing voters’ preferences is also examined, showing that grassroots marketing efforts seem to have the greatest effect, especially with undecided voters. Finally, voter segments are derived...
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...EVOLUTION AND SELF-INTEREST Richard Dawkins argues that at its most fundamental level, the genetic level, life is self-interested.1 Genes do only one thing; they replicate themselves. These replicators reside in and are carried around by biological vehicles (trees, animals, humans, fungus, etc.). The resources that support these biological vehicles are finite, so the process of life has become a competition among genes to create vehicles that can successfully compete for limited resources and survive to pass on their genetic code. Dawkins coined the term ‘selfish gene’ to emphasize the single, focused object of a gene’s existence. What he means is that the sole purpose of a gene is to make copies of itself using the Darwinian selection process; very selfishly ignoring the consequences this pursuit may have on other living entities. Self-interest is a requirement for survival. This does not mean, of course, that animals and humans cannot be altruistic sometimes, in certain activities.2 It does mean that no living entity can survive for long if it is only purely altruistic. On the other hand, survival is not necessarily jeopardized when an organism is purely self-interested. Altruism, in the absence of self-interest, is not evolutionarily stable in the biological world; it leads to extinction. It is for this reason that all extant life forms must be selfish. Humans, like all creatures, are self-interested; not because it is good to be selfish but because we would not be here if...
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...Contents Title Page Dedication Prologue CHAPTER ONE: Republicans and Democrats CHAPTER TWO: Values CHAPTER THREE: Our Constitution CHAPTER FOUR: Politics CHAPTER FIVE: Opportunity CHAPTER SIX: Faith CHAPTER SEVEN: Race CHAPTER EIGHT: The World Beyond Our Borders CHAPTER NINE: Family Epilogue Acknowledgments About the Author Also by Barack Obama Copyright Prologue IT’S BEEN ALMOST ten years since I first ran for political office. I was thirty-five at the time, four years out of law school, recently married, and generally impatient with life. A seat in the Illinois legislature had opened up, and several friends suggested that I run, thinking that my work as a civil rights lawyer, and contacts from my days as a community organizer, would make me a viable candidate. After discussing it with my wife, I entered the race and proceeded to do what every first-time candidate does: I talked to anyone who would listen. I went to block club meetings and church socials, beauty shops and barbershops. If two guys were standing on a corner, I would cross the street to hand them campaign literature. And everywhere I went, I’d get some version of the same two questions. “Where’d you get that funny name?” And then: “You seem like a nice enough guy. Why do you want to go into something dirty and nasty like politics?” I was familiar with the question, a variant on the questions asked of me years earlier, when I’d first arrived in Chicago to work in low-income neighborhoods. It signaled a cynicism...
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...reporter. It updates several previous editions that had been issued by the U.S. Information Agency beginning in 1981. How the U.S. Economy Works The U.S. Economy: A Brief History Small Business and the Corporation Stocks, Commodities, and Markets The Role of the Government in the Economy Monetary and Fiscal Policy American Agriculture: Its Changing Significance (Posted February 2001) Labor in America: The Worker's Role Other Language Versions: Foreign Trade and Global Economic Policies Afterword: Beyond Economics Glossary Executive Editor: George Clack | Editor: Kathleen E. Hug | Art Director: Barbara Long Illustrations: Lisa Manning | Internet Editor: Barbara Long This site is produced and maintained by the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of International Information Programs. Links to other internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views contained therein. Home | About USINFO | Site Index | Webmaster | Privacy Topics | Regions | Resource Tools | Products | | Continuity and Change How the U.S. Economy Works The U.S. Economy: A Brief History Small Business and the Corporation Stocks, Commodities, and Markets The Role of the Government in the Economy Monetary and Fiscal Policy American Agriculture: Its Changing Significance Labor in America: The Worker's Role Foreign Trade and Global Economic Policies Afterword: Beyond Economics Glossary CHAPTER 1 Continuity and Change The United...
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