It is the world of hospitality operation and management including service about how to achieve business excellence. Room division operation includes different departments related with care, provision and selling of the rooms which covers housekeeping, front office, reception, front house, linen and laundry, telephone operator, doorman, mail and messages, concierge, valet and butler (John and Brown, 2003). As we know accommodation includes type of services which helps for staying that consists of hotels, motels, clubs, cruise liners and hospitals with different range of facilities. It provides bedroom, suite, apartment, cabin and hospital wards for guest to enjoy and entertain. The range of accommodation service includes the different of housekeeping and maintenance. Different organisation does have different way and style and accommodation and service to fulfil guest requirement. Reception is the place within hospitality operation management which makes first interaction with guest. The roles and responsibilities of staff regarding housekeeping includes planning, providing, serving, cleaning rooms, public areas, supplying anything required, managing laundry and day cleaning, providing comfort and recreation, preparing documentation and record keeping, manage floral management, ensure health, safety and security, make everything looks good with nice furnishing and refurbishment to ensure accommodation environment encouraging occupancy by housekeeper, wardens, matron and domestic service manager (Allen, 1990). On the other hand maintenance always try to provide quality service regarding, providing adequate hot and cold water, heating, lightening, ventilation, repairing, toilet drainage, management of fitting and furniture by staffs like electrician, plumber and joiner etc. The staff related with accommodation service should play vital role to provide quality service with best welcoming environment. Likewise reception service includes the front of house and reception area of an accommodation. The front area of accommodation involves reservations, reception, uniform service, telephone, night audit assistance and business centre management and cashier. In this department the staffs helps to take reservation, monitor booking, determine rooms rates based on the selling tactics of hotels, process cancellation and modification, communicates reservations information to front desk and prepares letter of confirmation. (Devan, 1999).The staff of reception help to maintain high profile with guest prepare guest arrival, check reservation, great guest, assign suitable room, check guest methods of payment and history as well as check VIP rooms. As each and every business is driven by at, laws, rules and regulation, so the room division operation and operators should follow health and safety rules, consumer law, data protection, price tariffs, records on immigration and foreign guest with diplomatic privileges. In the hospitality industry for example in an organisation related with service sector management should provide extra offering and benefit to maximize organisation’s welfare by providing best accommodation and reception services according to development of an organisation for guest with special fulfilment of demand. (Bransow and Lennox, 1998)
Front of house area is the initial impression of guest with first sight when entering the building which includes interior design, colour schemes, patterns, feeling of luxury and warmth, standard of appearance, cleanliness, comfortable setting areas like tables, lambs, cushions, relaxing atmosphere, separate area for business work with computer while having coffee for creating business to increase customer satisfaction and expectation (Fellows, 1987). Even it includes flowers, plants, heating, lightening, ventilation and security. It shows overall impression to guest whether the organisation has effective management and business performance or not? It is important because it gives total outlook from outside which helps to find out the quality of service. It tries to give information about the service, sales, administration, rooms and overall outlook of accommodation and facilities the guest going to have in the hotel. The factors like quality service, categories of accommodation, outlook at first impression, luxury facilities and natural feeling matters at staying will help guest to feel home away from home. It is very hard to plan and manage well furnishing of front house area which cost a lot and need innovation with innovative ideas to create best possibility of showing excellence at first sight. It is very hard to find out the matching between various components in case of colours, design, luxury, appearance and mixing them to show standard outlook which will easily catch eyes of customers. Hospitality operation always related and can be measured with reliability, quality, consistency, availability and possibility of excellence service within given period of time at right place. While maintaining good outlook, the front of house area is directly related with money making by practicing of best accommodation outlet. It will directly or indirectly affect sales figures an turn over. Even it helps to cover the daily total sales made from different department and money spends to maximize the profit (Dix and Baird, 1998). For example, a sales campaign may aim to increase floor service sales from 5% of daily of taking to 7% which matters a lot. It focuses on bad debt, methods of payments, budgeting, operational reports, marketing and sales, HRM and quality to increase business functioning and operation. It is also determined by how business is going on with effective management and business performance of front office area for a given operation. (Allen, 1990).
Accommodation service functions directly or indirectly provide contribution for effective management and business performance. It is affected by organisation’s culture, outlook, behaviours of staffs, quality of service, responsibility, comfort, size, type, location, respect, giving a feeling of confidence and secure, solve the problem easily, set up welcoming atmosphere and politeness, reliable service, maintain high standard of cleanliness, good supervision, highly trusted working environment, knowing rules of safety and security and so on. Properly interiors and design help significantly for effective management as it explains about decoration and furnishing of premises (Abbott and Lewry, 2002). For example, putting marble floor all around the hotel, it helps for well furnishing and add value to business with comfort setting by using cushions, curtains, loose covers, bedspreads, quilts, pattern, colour and textures. All these factors help for comfort, warmth and find out requirement what is missing to show good look with minimum budget use. Hospitality operation should be well managed and performed to provide quality service to gain trust of customers. The critical aspects of planning and management of accommodation service functioning might be determined by the organisation’s capacity, reliability and culture for providing good lodging and food with service orientation. It directly focuses on the quality of service the organisation will provide as per time. The operation issue related with business operation of accommodation for service might be the gain made from by providing care and protection of an environment with best use of equipment and cleaning materials which will prevent further damage for example, biodegradable agent. The hotels should have to work on behalf of environment by maintaining consumerism and environmentalism. (Braham, 1993)
Yield management try to give the maximum profit by using cost cutting technique with maximum use of resources. This technique helps to find out the actual sells made within certain period of time. The final sale calculation and revenue on will be calculated by sales department’s managers. The staff of organisation should have good skill to sale and motivate guest for achieving high yield. It is related with marketing and selling for generating new business. For example, room for group tours, functions and for conventions. The yield management do have cost cutting technique like offering of seasonal package, aware of sales activities of competitors, promotion of sales, publicity, co ordination of reservation and determination of target customers (Bransow and Lennox, 1998).The range of sales technique might be low to high and high to low. It depends upon the types of rooms the hotel has as like deluxe, high deluxe, top bath, single as well as double. Even the price will be different according to room service and facilities. To find out actual sales, the organisation can use daily recording of transactions by using daily trading report. It tries to find out daily total sales of each department with showing amount spent and major activities. Even financial activities will be recorded in the guest ledger and city ledger. The various reports on financial information might be known by cashiers report for each shift by adding different days sales with the help of computer. The purpose of forecasting statistical data will help to maximize room sales in the future as how the business is going today and the scenario in future. It tells which area is strong or weak to cover the making wider sales earning (Allen, 1990).
Room division operation includes different departments which are interlinked and interdependent to provide excellent service and hospitality to the targeted customer where good accommodation with different availabilities of reliable service matter a lot as well as the positive attitudes of staffs at workplace influence and adds value to the business for the upgrading and promoting hospitality management.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Branson J. and Lennox M. (1998) ‘Hotel, Hostel and Hospital Housekeeping’ (5th Edition), Hodder and Stoughton Publication
2. Fellows J. (1987), ‘Housekeeping Supervision’ (1st Edition), Pitman
3. Hatfield D. and Winter C. (1990) ‘Professional Housekeeping’, Stanley Thorne
4. Baker, S., Bradley, P. and Huyton, J. (2000), ‘Principles of Hotel Front Office Operations’, Continuum, London
5. Braham, B. (1993) ‘Hotel Front Office’, (2nd Edition), Stanley Thornes (Publishers) Ltd. Cheltenham
6. Dix, C., and Baird, C., (1998), ‘Front Office Operations’ (4th Edition), Longman, Harlow, Essex
7. Abbott, P. and Lewry, S. (2002), ‘Front Office Procedures, Social Skills, Yield and Management’, (2nd Edition), Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
8. John, M and Brown, D (2003), Introduction of Hospitality Management (3rd Edition), Prentice Hall.
9. Devon, S and Sons, C (1999), Hospitality Management and Practices (2nd Edition), Prentice Hall.
10. Allen D, (1990), ‘Accommodation and Cleaning Services: Operations- Volume 1 and Management –Volume 2 (Nelson Thornes, 1990)
11. Baker S, Topping S and Cullen S, ‘Rooms Division Operations’ (Hodder Arnold, 1995)

INTERNET
1. Caterer and Hotelkeeper (www.caterer.com)
2. Green Hotelier (www.greenhotelier.com)
3. British Hospitality Association (www.bha-online.org.uk)
4. British Cleaning Council (www.britishcleaningcouncil.org)

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