...wide root canal. This case describes the root canal treatment of a mandibular canine with two completely separate root canals in a single root. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a mandibular canine with carious lesion and pulp exposure, tender to percussion. The precise understanding of the dental endocanalicular system’s anatomy is critical in the success of the root canal management. Keywords: mandibular canine, endodontics, two canals, anatomical variations __________________________________________________________________________ 1 Department of Operative Dentistry, Bahria University Medical and...
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...of the Facial Nerve The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve; it emerges from between the medulla and the pons, and travels through a 30mm intraosseus canal in the skull until it exits via the stylomastoid foramen and the “motor root” of the facial nerve forms the parotid plexus, splitting into 5 terminal branches i.e. temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical branches and innervates the muscles of facial expression, stapedius muscle, stylohyoid muscle and the posterior belly of digastric muscle. The facial nerve also supplies branches to the oral cavity and anterior two-thirds of the tongue and functions in the transmission of taste sensations. The facial nerve also provides parasympathetic supply to the...
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...S DR. NICHOLAS BURNS, DDS w 907D07 Eleni Mitsis prepared this case under the supervision of Professor John Haywood-Farmer solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors might have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. Ivey Management Services prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal of this material without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2007, Ivey Management Services Version: (A) 2007-03-12 One Friday afternoon in September 2005, Dr. Nicholas Burns, a sole practitioner dentist from Busby, Ontario, was driving home from a continuing education course on gum disease. At the course, he had overheard two dentists discussing Waterlase®, the new dental laser that allowed dentists to perform dental treatments without anaesthesia. One of the two was purchasing this technology. Burns had seen an increasing number of journal articles about the laser in recent years. Although he had wondered whether he...
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...The Diaphragm and Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia The diaphragm is a commonly misunderstood body part. Those who sing appreciate it purely due to their ability to control the diaphragm to enhance their singing. However, its real purpose in the human body is more important than that. The diaphragm plays such a crucial role in everyday life to the extent that one cannot survive without it. In this paper we will consider the role of the diaphragm through its anatomy and physiology. We will then review a congenital birth defect known as Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) and how it changes the anatomy and physiology of the body. We will also look at current research and prognosis of the disease in an effort to gain a better understanding of this often-fatal defect. The diaphragm is located almost centrally in the body. It is a continuous sheet of muscle that spreads across the bottom of the rib cage creating a divide between the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity. As detailed in the text Gray’s Anatomy, the convex upper surface of the diaphragm faces the thorax and forms the bottom of the thoracic cavity. The concave inferior surface is pointed towards the abdomen and is mostly covered in peritoneum forming the superior part of the abdominal cavity. The right side of the diaphragm is superior to the right lobe of the liver, the right kidney, and the right adrenal gland. The left side of the diaphragm lays over the left lobe of the liver, the fundus of...
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...In this case study I will be discussing about the anatomy, injury, treatment, and return to play (RTP) protocol for sacral fracture injuries. In order, to better understand why symptoms and restrictions happen with sacral fractures it is important to know the anatomy of the sacral vertebrae’s. Once we know the anatomy, it is most probably that the injury comes with a neurological problem. This problem can be managed and treated through the right modalities and rehabilitation exercises that this injury presents. Last, follow the RTP protocol for the athlete to be back in the game as soon as possible pain free and stronger than before. Introduction The sacrum is formed by 5 fused sacral vertebrae’s and contains 4 foramens, which the sacral nerves...
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...Dr. Burns Case Study Assignment 1 Operations Management 505 Submitted to Coach Jan Wirsam From Lise Beland June 21, 2013 Word Count: Table of Contents Background …………………………………………………………………………..1 The Technology……………………………………………………………………....2 Operations Strategy………………………………………………………. ……….. 3 Cash Flow Statements…………………………………………………………………………….4 Clinical Trial Work Design Process…………………………………………………4 Final Recommendation……………………………………………………………….5 References………………………………… …………………………………………6 Background: Dr. Nicholas Burns, a sole practitioner dentist in a small town in Ontario, is considering the purchase of a new dental laser which allows dentists to perform certain dental treatments without anesthesia. He wondered if the benefits of the new dental laser would justify the expenditure. Dr. Burns knew he should consider whether the technological advantage offered by the new dental laser would improve his office's profitability and the possibility that a different technology may become the standard in the industry. Issue 1: Will Waterlase become a sought after technology? OPERATIONS STRATEGY Analysis 1: Waterlase is a proven technology that provides the patient with a revolutionary treatment. The laser has been approved by Health Canada since 1998 and it main benefits enable better clotting and healing on soft tissues. The reduced...
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...Blood vessels nourish the cells in the hair bulb and deliver hormones to modify, hair growth and structure. Hair papilla small amount of connective tissue containing tiny blood vessels and nerves -epithelium at the base of the bulb surrounds hair papilla Hair root zone of the hair extending from the bulb to the skin surface dead cells Hair shaft third portion of the hair that extends beyond the skin surface dead cells Arrector pili muscle Attached to most hair follicles Raising the hairs of the body in response to cold and fear. Hair matrix adjacent to hair papilla in the hair bulb epithelial cells near the center of the hair matrix divide, producing new cells that are pushed toward the surface Glands composed of epithelial tissue - - Sebaceous glands epithelial tissue exocrine gland with duct and secretory portion -secretes sebum, duct portion moves it to hair follicle, then travels through hair to...
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...Case Study 9-55 CASH BUDGET 1. We began by determining how much money is being made and also how much money will be available for spending and etc., which results in $21, 360. To come up with this number look at the chart below: The calculations that were used to determine how much cash is collected:| |Average Fee ($)|Quantity|Formula used:|Equals =| Fillings|50|90|$50 x 90|$4500| Crowns|300|19|$300 x 19|$5700| Root Canals|170|8|$170 x 8|$1360| Bridges|500|7|$500 x 7|$3500| Extractions|45|30|$45 x 30|$1350| Cleaning|25|108|$25 x 108|$2700| X-Rays|15|150|$15 x 150|$2250| TOTAL $21,360| Next, this chart shows how much money is being distributed and where it’s being distributed: Salaries|$12,700| Benefits|$1,344| Building Lease|$1,500| Dental Supplies|$1,200| Janitorial|$300| Utilities|$400| Phone|$150| Office Supplies|$100| Lab Fees|$5,000| Loan Payments|$570| Interest Payments|$500| Miscellaneous |$500| TOTAL CASH SPENT|$24,264| CASH DEFICIECY |$2,094| As a result from what these charts show, Dr. Jones has a problem when it comes to balancing his money, because he is only making $21, 360 and his is spending $24, 264, which results in a cash deficiency of $2,904. 2. Because Dr. Jones has a deficiency he has to either decrease the amount of money he is putting out, or charge more for what’s being done in the office. If he decides to charge more he may also consider having longer office hours, but if he decides to decrease the money...
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...risen exponentially. Unfortunately, tooth loss, whether it is through dental extractions or other means, has long term clinical sequelae associated with it. Osteonecrosis of the jaw, bacteremia, orbital cellulitis, and other psychological and physiological clinical sequelae that impact the well-being of the patient will be discussed. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is defined as the presence of exposed bone in the mouth that fails to heal after appropriate intervention over a period of 6 to 8 weeks (Reid), and results in chronic osteomyelitis with areas of bone necrosis. Most commonly affecting the mandible (Bagan), patients with ONJ experience symptoms that range from painless exposed bone to severe jaw pain (Sambrook). The majority of cases of ONJ have been found to be initiated and associated with tooth extraction procedures as a result of the introduction of oral flora to the exposed jaw bone that prevents healing and becomes infected (Ruggiero). In addition to tooth extractions being a precipitating event to ONJ, it has been found that ONJ occurs in patients who have previously undergone chemotherapy treatment for cancer and take bisphosphonate medications to counteract the effects of osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates are used for cancer treatment and osteoporosis because of its anti-angiogenic properties and ability to inhibit osteoclast action, respectively. This in turn manages the hypercalcemia that is seen in bone...
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...Case Study on Herpes Zoster Case Study on Herpes Zoster History of Present Illness: This is a case of a 27 year old Asian female who came to the clinic complaining of pain on her right hand. She states that it feels like “pins and needles going up to my arm” She denies fever but states that she feels body malaise. She claims to have slight loss of appetite because of the pain. Pain level is about 7-8/10, occurs continuously and is temporarily relieved by Tylenol 500 mg. She noted the appearance of tiny blisters on her hand and upper arm which started about a week ago. The pain according to the patient is described as throbbing and tingling sensation. Patient otherwise has no other complaints. Past Medical History: Patient denies prior hospitalizations, surgeries, accidents. Patient does not remember immunizations but she claims that she never had chickenpox Family History: Both parents are alive. Her father is hypertensive and has coronary arterial disease. Her mother is apparently healthy. She is the only child. Social History: She lives in an apartment with her parents. She works as an employee in the casino. She does not smoke and does not drink alcoholic beverages. Review of Systems: General: Well nourished female, not in acute respiratory distress HEENT: Denies headache. No blurring of vision, hearing not impaired, no sore throat Neck: No tenderness and lymphadenopathy Cardiovascular: No chest pains and palpitations Gastrointestinal: No change in bowel habits...
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...Threats on the Existing Lakes/ Water Bodies in Dhaka Ishrat Islam (PhD) Associate Professor Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology September 26, 2012 “The ‘environment’ is where we live; and development is what we all do in attempting to improve our lot within that abode. The two are inseparable.” • Our Common Future • The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) • Click to edit Master text styles – Second level • Third level – Fourth level » Fifth level CONTENT Brief Introduction to Dhaka Value of Wetlands of Dhaka Threats on Water Bodies of Dhaka Dhaka: Planning & Development Control Prospects and Constraints Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles to edit Master text styles Click Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Introduction to Dhaka 9th largest mega City with growth rate 4.2% Area :1528 sq.km The area of Dhaka expanded 17.88 times from 1951. And population had increased 25.09 folds. Climate change Impact (i) Floods/ drainage congestion (ii) Heat stress Dhaka Metro Area Click to edit Master text styles Why Water Bodies Like Lakes Flood Flow Zones Retention Areas are Valuable??? Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Total Economic Value of Wetland Use Value Direct Use Value Non-renewable/...
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...summer training project Document Transcript ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am highly indebted to my project mentors, Mr. Sanjay Bharti for their continuoussupport, supervision motivation and guidance throughout the tenure of my project in spite oftheir hectic schedule who truly remained driving spirit in my project and their experience gaveme the light in handling research project and helped me in clarifying the abstruse concepts,requiring knowledge and perception, handling critical situations and in understanding theobjective of my work. I would like to thank all the staff of PepsiCo India Holdings Pvt. Ltd for theirdedication & support, To, Mr. Vivek Johari & Mr. Anurag Saxena, Who contributed withinsights that reflects their experience in marketing from which I gain a lot. All the TDM, ADC, and CE whose off time discussions with me always encouraged andmotivated me for the project; he was the one who helped me in understanding the market in abetter and easier way. My friends and colleagues Ankit Awasthi others that surround me andmake life fun to reduce stress and tiredness. And lastly, it is only when one writes and realizes the true power of MS word 2003, fromgrammar checks to replace-alls. It is simple. And the power of Windows XP the OS where MSOffice is …. Thank you Mr. Bill Gates and Microsoft Corp! DECLARATION I Inamul Abdin declare that this project report entitled comparative analysis of marketshare Pepsi versed Coke is an original piece of work done and submitted by...
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...PLANNING Decision-making and planning is said to be having the same characteristics in process however, planning is more integrative of a complex of forces and values harmonizing a breadth of goal and sub goals that is longer in term while decision-making is composite. It incorporates a statement of problem to be treated, a formulation and evaluation of imaginable alternative responses and the selection among them. Planners strive to learn of the practical difficulties awaiting their work progress. They must persuade their clients to accept their plan. Their decision must reflect consistent consideration of benefits and penalties and that it is devoted to what is good. We have two major extreme planning models. First is the rational planning model which seeks to construct an objectively ‘best’ plan and to maximize the role of the planner as expert. Goals are defined and priorities set among the desired consequence of policy. Alternatives are analyzed and the best will be chosen, one most likely and economically attainable. The experts’ crucial role would be in acquiring and assessing technical information and in selecting alternative. While the public's function is to define the goals then the planner advises how to best reach them. Second is the advocacy model which claims that alternative policies inevitably restrict value choices, properly within the realm of politics, rather than the preserve of experts. It believes that the public should be involved throughout the planning...
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...Chapter I Background of the Study The twentieth century has witnessed tremendous advances in the understanding of infectious diseases, but many problems remain. Skin diseases are a common threat to humans that could be prevented by antibiotic treatment. Carbuncle, a skin disorder, is caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that may occur as a commensal and may affect other tissues when normal barriers have been breached. Researchers around the globe developed antibiotics, such as penicillin and glycopeptides that could kill or slow down the growth of S. aureus bacteria. By 1950, it was reported that 40% of the hospital S. aureus isolates were penicillin and glycopeptide resistant; and recently, this has risen to 80%. Microciona prolifera, or red sponge, contains substances with antibiotic capacity that could kill or slow down the growth of a strain of S. aureus bacteria suggesting possibilities for creating novel drugs to treat the infectious skin disease. This study aims to determine the most efficient antibiotic solution of ectyonin extract from Microciona prolifera against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Statement of the Problem General Problem This study aims to compare which of the different solutions of Ectyonin extract from Microciona prolifera is the most effective in inhibiting the growth of the bacteria. Specific Problem Specifically it aims to answer the following questions: 1. Which of the four solutions...
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...Studies has identified that pacifier use associated with a reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome ("Sudden Infant Death Syndrome"). De-Kun Li, a reproductive epidemiologist, conducted a study containing 185 mothers of SIDs babies and 312 mothers of control infants between 1997 and 2000. Li states that “a pacifier is a simple, easy to use and already widely used tool that can reduce SIDs (Biello),” simplifying it down to the fact that the bulky handle of the pacifier prevent the ability of the baby’s face to get bury in the bedding. However, Li and his colleagues at Kaiser Permanente Northern California emphasize that the results do not provide evidence that pacifiers prevent SIDS by themselves. Parents can simply reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome by placing the baby on their back while napping and provide support on either...
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