...Opinion over Christopher Pittman’s Adult Trial Verdict Name Professor Institution Date Just to quote Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. words, “injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere”. Human beings are not entirely fit. Thus judges just like any other human being are bound to make mistakes in dispensing justice. However, Judges are obliged to be ever watchful and mindful in their endeavors of delivering justice. Every day, all over US judges dispense justice to convicted persons and defendants. However, absolute justice ideally is hardly realizable across board since its effectiveness demands human infallibility. Although it might be even harder to reap justice, justice is achievable and pursuit for justice remains a noble order. In this case, a 12 years old boy, Christopher Pittman from the state of South Carolina on February 15, 2005 shot his two grandparents using his father’s shotgun while they lay on their beds, he then set the house on fire, drove his grandparents truck and fled with cash and weapons in his possession. The petitioner, Pittman was only 12 years of age when he committed this malicious acts. He was charged with premeditated murder and put on an adult court for trial. Christopher Pittman’s defense team claimed that young Christopher Pittman remained an innocent child because he still could not differentiate what was right or wrong while under influence of Zoloft, an antidepressant. The defense urged the court to consider Pitman a child thus unable...
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...most advanced and innovative methodologies. GfK offers services in all major consumer, pharmaceutical, media and service markets (GfK, 2012a). There are two main business sectors in which Gfk provides services: Consumer Choices and Consumer Experiences (GfK, 2012a). The Consumer Choices business side focuses on providing precise and timely data based on the decisions and actions consumers have already made. For example Consumer Choices analyzes when, where and at what rate a specific product is selling at. In addition, this business side also researches how consumers interact with different media such as the Internet, television and social media (GfK, 2012d). On the other hand Consumer Experiences focuses uncovering the consumers’ opinions and their perceptions of the world around them by conducting innovative research designs. For example Consumer Experiences aims to understand people and their brand experiences (GfK, 2012d). It goes beyond the rate a product is selling at or in what region a product is the most successful and tries to explain what makes someone purchase that...
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...opportunity for parole review and is condemned to die in prison” (Citizens for Juvenile Justice, 2008). For some, the idea of having a child spend the rest of their natural lives behind bars for capital and even noncapital crimes can be daunting and unfair. For many young people, they are at the point in their young lives where they are still trying to figure out who they are and they willingly test certain boundaries. Life in prison without parole attempts to snuff out what little life they have just begun to build. However, many would also argue that if you are capable of doing adult crimes and are willing to accept the responsibility of the crime, then you are capable of serving adult time. But with the landmark Supreme Court decision of Roper v. Simmons in 2005, the sentence of death is no longer possible for juveniles under the age of 18. This decision has changed our views about the level of a juvenile’s culpability and our response to such criminal offenses. Instead of facing...
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...Most recently, Justice Scalia’s Roper dissent contended that “the basic premise of the Court’s argument—that American law should conform to the laws of the rest of the world ought to be rejected out of hand.” Arguing that the Court’s use of foreign law was inconsistent and unprincipled, as shown by the deviation between American and foreign case law on the exclusionary rule, church‐state relations, and abortion, Justice Scalia concluded that “the Court should either profess its willingness to reconsider all these matters in light of the views of foreigners, or else it should cease putting forth foreigners’ views as part of the reasoned basis of its decisions. To invoke alien law when it agrees with one’s own thinking, and ignore it otherwise, is not reasoned decision making, but...
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...moreover transfer laws have worsened the implications they intend to address. Juvenile justice system was essentially established because many teenagers were subjected to awful violations in adult jails and prisons hence resulting to the society as more hardened criminals. Placing young offenders in adult prisons heightens criminal behaviors after release according to the findings. There is well founded fear that several number of young offenders slated to be placed in adult jails are more likely to be assaulted ,commit suicide and raped. Juveniles are driven to desperation and abused regularly in adult prisons because they are not specific measures to protect the young offenders from the adult prisoners. My completes work Case summary Issue Roper v. Simmons’ main issue is whether the application of Death penalty on a person who committed murder at age 17 amounts to “Cruel and Unusual” sentence and thereby barred by the 8th and 14th Amendments (Dinkes, et al 2009) Facts The Supreme Court of the United States initiated a review of the case against Christopher Simmons to determine whether death penalty was allowed by constitution for persons under the age of 18 at the time of crime commission. The case concerned Christopher Simmons arrested at the age of 17 for Shirley Crook’s murder. Simmons had been found of a first-degree murder and had subsequently been...
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...4.0 Aims and Objectives 3 5.0 Initial Literature Review 4 6.0 Research Methodology 8 7.0 Data Analysis and Presentation 8 8.0 Chapter Headings 9 9.0 Time Schedules 10 INTERIM REPORT: 1. Working Title An analysis of the relationship between corporate social performance and corporate reputation. The case of Tesco and its child education policies. 2. Background information: I chose to research in this area as I am interested in the PR area of business and the importance of reputation building to a company. I find it interesting that supermarkets are beginning to target children through their PR strategies and would like to find out their motives. 3. Nature of submitted work: Report. 4. Aims and objectives: AIM: To examine the impact of child education-based PR strategies carried out by British supermarkets. OBJECTIVES: - To investigate current issues surrounding PR strategies of UK supermarkets aimed towards child education. - To uncover opinions of the use of child education policies from the supermarkets, the schools and the general public. - To discover the extent to which Tesco’s reputation is based on its child education policies. 5. Initial literature review: Text Books: - Chun, R., Vinhas Da Silva, R., Roper, S. (2002) Corporate Reputation and Competitiveness. London: Routledge. This book gives a review of how reputation is...
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...4.0 Aims and Objectives 3 5.0 Initial Literature Review 4 6.0 Research Methodology 8 7.0 Data Analysis and Presentation 8 8.0 Chapter Headings 9 9.0 Time Schedules 10 INTERIM REPORT: 1. Working Title An analysis of the relationship between corporate social performance and corporate reputation. The case of Tesco and its child education policies. 2. Background information: I chose to research in this area as I am interested in the PR area of business and the importance of reputation building to a company. I find it interesting that supermarkets are beginning to target children through their PR strategies and would like to find out their motives. 3. Nature of submitted work: Report. 4. Aims and objectives: AIM: To examine the impact of child education-based PR strategies carried out by British supermarkets. OBJECTIVES: - To investigate current issues surrounding PR strategies of UK supermarkets aimed towards child education. - To uncover opinions of the use of child education policies from the supermarkets, the schools and the general public. - To discover the extent to which Tesco’s reputation is based on its child education policies. 5. Initial literature review: Text Books: - Chun, R., Vinhas Da Silva, R., Roper, S. (2002) Corporate Reputation and Competitiveness. London: Routledge. This book gives a review of how reputation is...
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...Laurie Mosley Ethics Mrs. Kauffman May 30, 2015 Juvenile Capital Punishment The youngest offender ever executed in the United States was James Arcene, a ten year old Cherokee, who was hanged in Arkansas in 1885 for participating in a robbery and murder (James Austin, 2000). Juvenile capital punishment has always been a highly controversial and publicized matter. As a society we recognize that children, those under eighteen years old, cannot and do not function as adults. Because children do not function as adults, the law takes special steps to protect children from the consequences of their actions and often gives them a second chance. The law prohibits people under eighteen years old from voting, serving in the military, and serving on juries. Majority of the criminals are male offenders over twenty years old, but this is changing rapidly. Not only are adults committing capital offenses, but children who are under eighteen years old are committing such heinous offenses. A child that commits a heinous crime is not mentally capable of comprehending the crime he or she commits. The system of values in the age under eighteen is not built yet, other people can easily influence children, and the psychiatric processes are not yet stable. Under these conditions a child should never be sentenced to death or a life in prison because their mind is not fully developed. Children still have a chance to change and be rehabilitated. ...
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...Intelligence Testing Article Analysis PSY/450, 2014 Intelligence Testing Article Analysis Mapping out the definition of intelligence is not a simple task, it is an ambiguous term that has a variety of definitions. When defining intelligence there appears to be common ground in phrases such as one’s ability to acquire knowledge, ‘he ability to solve problems, or the ability to understand and follow instructions. There are many more phrases and terms that one associates with intelligence, and this may be in part because, the differences of defining intelligence may lie in the fact that questions for evaluating intelligence may not have the same connotation in differing cultures. Shiraev and Levy state that intelligence is the necessary factor that allows an organism to adapt to its surroundings, a way of understanding one’s world (Shiraev, 2010). Along with understanding one’s world, intelligence allows one to make and complete goals, and overcome obstacles that may come into one’s life. This understanding of intelligence sets a good basis for understanding and defining intelligence, however, a do develop a greater understanding it is necessary to study the different theoretical testing of intelligence. This review will also examine the effectiveness of these various theories. Multiple Intelligence Theory In the late 1980’s Howard Gardner introduces a different viewpoint to the traditional theories of intelligence. He did this by including, language, logical-math, spatial...
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...3000 word essay on patient with left sided stroke with one identified health need/problem: Dysphagia Student Name: Dashante` Burgess Green Cohort- Group 1 Module: NIP 1000 Word count: 3,010 A stroke is a life changing disease and sudden attack of weakness to one side of the body resulting from a interruption to the flow of blood going to the brain that can be a minor attack and resolved in a few days or major attack leaving the person with physical disabilities and cognitive deficit (McFerran 2008). Therefore, stroke can affect the quality of life of an individual from the lack of communication, mobility and independence and intern can cause one to become depressed. This essay is concerning the case of Mr. Alfred Smith who was admitted to hospital with muscle and facial weakness with asymmetry and no movement to the left side of his body. He was eventually diagnosed with left-sided stroke resulting in right-sided hemiplegia affecting his balance and mobility. With the many health problems associated with stroke this essay will focus more on the problem of dysphagia and the patient’s needs related to this particular problem. Dysphagia is a condition in which the action of swallowing is either difficult or where the swallowed material seems to be held in its passage (McFerren 2008). The assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation (A.P.I.E) of the patient on admission and discharge will be discussed in further and more precise detail throughout the essay while maintaining...
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...SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF THE STAFF NURSE IN THE CONTEXT OF INTER-PROESSIONAL WORKING. The aim of this assignment is to discuss the role of the nurse in the context of the inter-professional team. Discharge planning will be discussed and analysed incorporating relevant knowledge such as teamwork and role enhancement. Relevant social, economic and health policies such as clinical governance will be discussed. Perspectives of each of the principle professional groups including myself as a third year student nurse, will be incorporated and collaborative team working addressed. The Department of health (2002) describes discharge planning as a pathway used to decide patient needs, for a smooth move from one level of care to another (Hunt 1996) and is the process through which patient’s needs are identified and plans are written, facilitating continuity of health care (Jackson 1994). According to the department of health (2000) discharge planning illustrates well, the role of the nurse within the inter-professional team the balance between goals set, care delivered and evaluation of care from a nurse and team perspective. Nurse involvement is considered integral and, aims to provide effective discharge plans (Department of Health 2000). The Royal College of Nursing (RCN 2002) supports the concept of nurses taking the lead and recommends the development of nurse led protocols in discharge planning. However the NMC (2004) highlights the importance of nurses being able...
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...it was resistant to changes, inconsistent with the laws and ignores the ethical side (Freeman 2008). The issue of Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR has been the subject of debate among researchers for the past twenty years (Chen & Winai, 2011). There have been many arguments if businesses should engage CSR initiatives in their operations. CSR or corporate citizenship is defined as the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large (Moir 2001). The essay will discuss on the literature review of the different perspectives of CSR, arguments against it and the analysis if CSR represent corporations’ genuine desire to contribute towards the society. Literature Review Arguments for CSR There are three reasons why corporate engage in CSR activities. They are pragmatic reason, ethical reason and strategic reason (Trevino & Nelson 2011). CSR and Pragmatism Pragmatism is ‘a philosophical movement or system having various forms, but generally stressing on practical consequences as constituting the essential criterion in determining value’ (dictionary.com). A business must...
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...PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE: LEGALITY AND MORALITY Wednesday - May 8th, 2002 By Martin Levin, 107 Irving Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (617)-497-6828 mlevin@levinlaw.com On Sunday, June 21, 1992, Jennifer Cowart, age thirty-two, and her brother George Kowalski, age twenty-eight, traveled to Pensacola Beach, Florida, for a day of relaxation. At the end of the day, Jennifer and George were heading back to their vehicle when Jennifer noticed a go-kart track. The two entered the track, bought tickets, and began riding. Within one minute, Jennifer’s go-kart bumped into one of the side guardrails, flipped on its side, and burst into flames. Jennifer was seat-belted in the go-kart and could not get out. George tried to run into the fire to save his sister, but the flames were too intense. Bystanders attempted to use a fire extinguisher, but it did little to lessen the inferno. Jennifer was trapped in the burning go-kart for two minutes when her seat-belt finally burned through and she fell to the ground. George grabbed his sister and pulled her away from the fire. Jennifer was alive. She was lying on the asphalt alert, oriented, and coherent. She had suffered 3rd and 4th degree burns covering ninety-five percent of her body. She was suffering the worst pain imaginable. At the scene, Jennifer begged the rescue personnel to “let me die.” Instead, Jennifer was flown to a burn center in Mobile, Alabama, where she remained for one year until she was overcome by an infection...
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...‘external relations’ of one’s own law with the law of other peoples in other lands, now it is a view of transnational legal patterns and of the cultural complexities of law at home. We live in conditions where the law of the nation-state must respond to a great plurality of demands from different population groups within its jurisdiction. At the same time, it must respond to powerful external pressures. Legal thought in national contexts is being fragmented from within in a new ‘jurisprudence of difference’…and globalized from without in demands for transnational harmonization or uniformity. (“Culture, Comparison, Community” by Roger Cotterrell) Kindly react to this statement, supporting your personal views and conclusions with research, analysis, examples and well-reasoned argumentation. I. Introduction 1 The phenomenon of ‘globalisation’, exemplified by the growing interconnectedness between nations, leads to inevitable interactions between legal systems. Roger Cotterell’s statement illuminates the myriad of overlapping concepts in comparative law that facilitates our understanding of these interactions. 2 In response to his statement, this paper seeks to...
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...Public Relations Review 34 (2008) 399–402 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Public Relations Review Short communication Issues management and inoculation: Tylenol’s responsible dosing advertising Shari R. Veil ∗ , Michael L. Kent 1 Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Oklahoma, 395 West Lindsey, Norman, OK 73019, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Issues management developed as a long-term process interested in the continued health and success of organizations. This essay presents a contemporary issues management case that uses inoculation and a priori solutions as issues management tactics. The case study involving Johnson & Johnson’s responsible dosing campaign demonstrates that organizations perceived to have a high standard of corporate social responsibility are not above using deceptive tactics to protect their brand. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 29 April 2008 Received in revised form 11 July 2008 Accepted 28 August 2008 Keywords: Issues management Corporate social responsibility Inoculation Crisis communication Public relations practitioners increasingly need to serve as ethical counselors to the dominant coalition (Health, 1994) and as the ethical conscience of the organization (Ryan & Martinson, 1983; Wright, 1996). Despite the role of issues management in guiding ethical decision making (Bowen, 2005), some communication campaigns have suspended...
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