...child’s first day of school marks the beginning of his/her journey into independence; it is a day of excitement, anticipation, and uncertainty. New friendships are formed, lessons are learned, and ideas are exchanged. However, on November 4th, 1960, what should have been a typical first day of primary school for young Ruby Bridges was actually a day filled with terror. Imagine instead of being greeted with a cheerful, “Good Morning!”, being met with screams from angry protestors. Imagine, instead of a teacher’s warm embrace, feeling the glare of an enraged mob. Imagine, instead of skipping into school with a new backpack and shiny shoes, being hastily escorted up the school steps by federal agents. This was the reality of Ruby Bridges’ first day of school. Since their arrival in America,...
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...Cartoonist Glenn McCoy contradicts himself. At the same time that he expresses that Betsy DeVos was put into the same situation as Ruby Bridges, he also implies that a wealthy, privileged, white woman suffered the same or even more hardship as a small black girl. A small black girl that, during the 1960s, was permitted to go to an all-white school. That girl's name is Ruby Bridges, she was just six years old, and she went against all the hate given to her for being black, the protests done by white parents to stop her from entering the school, and her fellow classmates that did not show up to school just because she was attending to that school. On the contrary, DeVos was given a position to be in charge of public education even though she...
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...The Brave Fight for Desegregation Education is an establishment with a long history in America. Throughout its history there have been numerous racial events that have helped shape our current educational system. According to, (Seperate is not equal Brown V. Board of Education, n.d.), Racism and segregation can be seen back to the 1800s. Each race would have their own school. There were colleges, such as Morehouse, that catered to black students. For the most part, the best educational opportunities were available to whites only. As a nation, we have attempted several different tactics trying to eliminate the racism that exists in our schools. Beginning in 1936, Americans began fighting for equal education to all. Finally, in 1955, through the Brown...
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...Civil Rights Movement began in the late 1940’s and extended throughout the late 60’s. Many people can recall some of the key events that took place during this time. For example, we all remember reading about Ruby Bridges, Martin Luther King Jr, Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X, and many others that played an important role in the Civil Rights movement. However, Ruby Bridges is the small 6 year old little girl that comes to mind when I think of the beginning of the Civil Rights movement. This young brave little girl was escorted on her first day to school by U.S. Marshalls, as her parents stood close by. She endured being called names and threatened and feared being poisoned if she ate anything besides a packaged bag of potato chips (Davidson, Gienapp, Heymann, Lytle & Stoff, 2006). Ruby was the only students for several weeks until white students finally began coming back to school during the first year since the segregation of the schools (Davidson, et al., 2006). Ruby’s parents had different views about her being the only black child to attend, William Frantz School, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Her father didn’t want any part of the school mixing whites and blacks. He feared that angry people, who wanted to keep blacks and whites separate, would hurt his family if Ruby went to the all-white school...
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...underestimate today: going to primary school. However, that basic demonstration by one little young girl had a vital influence in the Civil Rights Movement. Ruby Bridgets was conceived on September 8, 1954 in Tylertown, Mississippi to Abon and Lucille Bridges. After a year, her family moved to New Orleans, Louisiana alongside with two younger brothers and younger sister. Her Family moved to New Orleans like any other parents would for a better life for their family. Her Father found work at a gas station attendant and her mom received employment doing night jobs. At that time, people wanted to keep black people and white people separate because whites didn’t think that blacks were as good as them. For instance, blacks and whites had isolate water fountains, blacks needed to sit in the back of transports and blacks and whites each had their own particular separate schools. All that changed with Ruby, who was one of the primary blacks to go to an all-white school. Her father didn't want her to go to the...
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...want. During the time whites had many more rights then the colored, or anyone that wasn’t white. The “colored” people had to use separate schools, housing, bathrooms, pubs, and even drinking fountains. The white population thought that the “colored” were so different that they deserved a different drinking fountain. This wasn’t that big of a deal, except that the “colored” drinking fountains, libraries, pubs, housing, schools were made so poorly, that they looked abandoned. Throughout this time of crisis many important people were involved. People like Malcom X wanted change but would do anything to get it. While Martin Luther King Jr. wanted change but he planned on doing things peacefully. But sometimes, no matter how hard you try; It just won’t happen. In the time period 1961, a Freedom rider bus, which is a peaceful protesting group where they sit on the bus in the opposite required area, a bomb was thrown in through a window; lighting the entire bus on fire. Ruby Bridges was one of the six children who were allowed to attend white schools during the 1960’s; this, caused...
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...I think that segregation was not equal and was wrong what was most important about integration was in the packet on page 26. It says that the civil rights movement was a struggle by African Americans in the mid-1950s to late 1960s to achieve civil rights equal to those of whites, including equal opportunity in employment, housing, and education, as well as the right to vote, the right of equal access to public facilities, and the right to be free of racial discrimination They were mistreated mostly at this time but they didn't give up a girl named Ruby Bridges even attended a white school. In the packet Brown v Board of Education page 29 the bus boycott was also another reason a law was passed and integrated the buses the protest segregated seating which took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956. A woman refused to give up her seat to a white man and that lead to the cops being involved and lead to the arrest of Rosa Parks which sparked protests but a lot of people had done this before the time of Rosa. But her arrest was final and people wouldn't settle no more to ride the buses if this continued....
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...He also assisted hundreds of enslaved Africans to escape from slavery. He risked his own life to help others in need.(Marlie Dresch) Marlie Dresch- 12/12 Tyler Schwahn- 10/12 Sydney Walters- 11/12 Sam McAnulty- 9/12 Helen Ha- 8/12 African Americans in the Military 5. One of the first black units to join the Union forces in the Civil War was the 54th Unit. This unit was made up of freed black slaves. They earned their fame from the battle of Battery Wagner. Buffalo Soldiers were soldiers apart of all black units. They got their name from their ability to fight like the Cheyenne Indians. They were stationed in the Southwest and Great Plains. They helped in the Spanish- American War. In 19 Civil Rights Heroes Mary Mcleod Bethune was an African American educator and life rights leader. She started a private school for African American students in Daytona Beach,...
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...focused on the relationships between blacks and whites. Being of African American decent and raising a African American son I can still see the systematic effects of segregation, discrimination and isolation. However, through the civil rights movements of the past African American have attained equal rights in the present. In this paper, I will take a journey through the historical timeline of slavery. In addition, I will discuss historical events from 1865 to present that ended segregation, discrimination and isolation to attain equal rights. Africans were shipped to North America as Slaves in the 1600's, by 1787 the writers of the United States Constitution decided that slaves will count as three fifth of a person when deciding how many representative each state will have in Congress. In 1820 the Missouri Compromise was designed to maintain the number of free and slave states. During that period there were many notable freed slave that played significant roles in the advancement of the slaves. Isabella Baumfree also know as Sojourner Truth played a significant role in equal rights for women and the fight against slavery. Sojourner fought for women rights in the early 1800's in New York and other states. She fought for desegregation of streetcars in Washington D.C.. During that time Blacks rode on the back of the buses and street cars. She was one of the early pioneers to fight for the right to ride up front with the white people. In addition, she...
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...I The second is the concern over segregation and the effect it has on society. Mr. Kozol provides his own socially conscious and very informative view of the issues facing the children and educators in this poverty ravaged neighborhood. Those forces controlling public schools, Kozol points out, are the same ones perpetuating inequity and suffering elsewhere; pedagogic styles and shapes may change, but the basic parameters and purposes remain the same: desensitization, selective information, predetermined "options," indoctrination. In theory, the decision should have meant the end of school segregation, but in fact its legacy has proven far more muddled. While the principle of affirmative action under the trendy code word ''diversity'' has brought unparalleled integration into higher education, the military and corporate America, the sort of local school districts that Brown supposedly addressed have rarely become meaningfully integrated. In some respects, the black poor are more hopelessly concentrated in failing urban schools than ever, cut off not only from whites but from the flourishing black middle class. Kozol describes schools run almost like factories or prisons in grim detail. According to Kozol, US Schools are quite quickly becoming functionally segregated. Kozol lists the demographics of a slew of public schools in the states, named after prominent civil rights activists, whose classrooms are upwards of 97% black and Hispanic — in some cases despite being in neighborhoods...
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...impact on life for African Americans in America. In the following paragraphs the details of these events will be discussed. Beginning the Civil Rights Movement were a number of court cases that created more opportunity for African Americans. Bolling v. Sharpe in 1954 was an important case in providing equal education rights for white and black students. Similar to it was one of the most monumental cases or more landmarked case, the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that was decided on within the same year. This case paved a way for African American student acceptance into all white schools that permitted segregation, overturning the court case Plessy v. Ferguson with the idea of “separate but equal”. The first states to follow through with desegregating education were the District of Columbia (DC) and Baltimore, Maryland; however, though the case was monumental, it sparked much controversy amongst the states. Later in the year, twenty-three Black students were prevented from attending all-white elementary schools which directly defied the U.S. Supreme Court ruling previously mentioned. As well as, in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, white parents began protesting to...
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...PAGE 1 Philosophical Aspects of Culture SG- 3 C1 Native American Experience SG- 4 C2 White American Experience SG- 23 C3 Arab American Experience SG- 43 C4 Hispanic American Experience SG- 53 C5 Black American Experience SG- 76 C6 Asian American Experience SG-109 C7 Jewish American Experience SG-126 C8 Women in the Military SG-150 C9 Extremist Organizations/Gangs SG-167 STUDENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR BEING FAMILIARIZED WITH ALL CLASS MATERIAL PRIOR TO CLASS. INFORMATION PAPER ON THE PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCE Developed by Edwin J. Nichols, Ph.D. |Ethnic Groups/ |Axiology |Epistemology |Logic |Process | |World Views | | | | | |European |Member-Object |Cognitive |Dichotomous |Technology | |Euro-American |The highest value lies in the object |One knows through counting |Either/Or |All sets are repeatable and| | |or the acquisition of the object |and measuring ...
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...BAY AREA SOCIAL SERVICES CONSORTIUM Understanding Poverty From Multiple Social Science Perspectives A Learning Resource for Staff Development In Social Service Agencies Michael J. Austin, PhD, Editor BASSC Staff Director Mack Professor of Nonprofit Management School of Social Welfare University of California, Berkeley 510-642-7066 mjaustin@berkeley.edu August 2006 1 Table of Contents Introduction – Michael J. Austin, Guest Editor Part I Multiple Social Science Perspectives of Poverty Theories of Poverty: Findings from Textbooks on Human Behavior and the Social Environment Amanda J. Lehning, Catherine M. Vu, & Indira Pintak Economic Theories of Poverty Sun Young Jung & Richard Smith Sociological Theories of Poverty in Urban America Jennifer Price Wolf Psychological Theories of Poverty Kelly Turner & Amanda Lehning An Anthropological View of Poverty Kristine Frerer & Catherine Vu Political Science Perspectives on Poverty Amanda Lehning Theories of Global Poverty in the Developed and Developing World Jennifer Morazes & Indira Pintak Part II Theory Integration and Practitioner Perspectives Social Capital and Neighborhood Poverty: Toward an Ecologically-Grounded Model of Neighborhood Effects Kathy Lemon Osterling Social Work Students’ Perceptions of Poverty Sherrill Clark The Explosive Nature of the Culture of Poverty: A Teaching Case Based on An Agency-based Training Program Catherine Vu & Michael J. Austin 2 ...
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...Barack Obama Dreams from My Father “For we are strangers before them, and sojourners, as were all our fathers. 1 CHRONICLES 29:15 PREFACE TO THE 2004 EDITION A LMOST A DECADE HAS passed since this book was first published. As I mention in the original introduction, the opportunity to write the book came while I was in law school, the result of my election as the first African-American president of the Harvard Law Review. In the wake of some modest publicity, I received an advance from a publisher and went to work with the belief that the story of my family, and my efforts to understand that story, might speak in some way to the fissures of race that have characterized the American experience, as well as the fluid state of identitythe leaps through time, the collision of cultures-that mark our modern life. Like most first-time authors, I was filled with hope and despair upon the book’s publication-hope that the book might succeed beyond my youthful dreams, despair that I had failed to say anything worth saying. The reality fell somewhere in between. The reviews were mildly favorable. People actually showed up at the readings my publisher arranged. The sales were underwhelming. And, after a few months, I went on with the business of my life, certain that my career as an author would be short-lived, but glad to have survived the process with my dignity more or less intact. I had little time for reflection over the next ten years. I ran a voter registration project in...
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...FREAKONOMICS A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything Revised and Expanded Edition Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner CONTENTS AN EXPLANATORY NOTE In which the origins of this book are clarified. vii PREFACE TO THE REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION xi 1 INTRODUCTION: The Hidden Side of Everything In which the book’s central idea is set forth: namely, if morality represents how people would like the world to work, then economics shows how it actually does work. Why the conventional wisdom is so often wrong . . . How “experts”— from criminologists to real-estate agents to political scientists—bend the facts . . . Why knowing what to measure, and how to measure it, is the key to understanding modern life . . . What is “freakonomics,” anyway? 1. What Do Schoolteachers and Sumo Wrestlers Have in Common? 15 In which we explore the beauty of incentives, as well as their dark side—cheating. Contents Who cheats? Just about everyone . . . How cheaters cheat, and how to catch them . . . Stories from an Israeli day-care center . . . The sudden disappearance of seven million American children . . . Cheating schoolteachers in Chicago . . . Why cheating to lose is worse than cheating to win . . . Could sumo wrestling, the national sport of Japan, be corrupt? . . . What the Bagel Man saw: mankind may be more honest than we think. 2. How Is the Ku Klux Klan Like a Group of Real-Estate Agents? 49 In which it is argued that nothing is more powerful than information,...
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