...Porters Five Forces Analysis for Industry Attractiveness- Competitive Rivalry With-in the Industry- Though there are many local and international companies in the industry, namely IOCL, HPCL, BPCL (All Government Owned), and Essar but none of them operates at the scale and integration levels which RIL operates. IOCL is selectively downward integrated, in terms of utilizing Naptha product to other Petrochemical products like PTA, MEG, PP & LLDPE, however the product range is not so diverse as RIL has. RIL on one hand has even further downward integrated its PTA & MEG product to become largest Polyester manufacturer and on the other hand PP and LLDPE production of Reliance is among the Asia’s highest. In terms of downward integration Reliance has gone beyond IOCL in aromatic products and plans to be sole player in many new products like Phenol etc. Haldia petrochemicals and another state owned firm GAIL are present in the downstream petrochemical business, however their scale of operation is non-threatening, or are hindered by feed-stock complications. Lastly the prices of fuels in India are regulated hence Reliance does not compete in domestic market in Diesel category, however it has a presence in Petrol and Aviation Fuel, and in select cases it competes. International players do not compete with Reliance, as they cannot match Reliance’s scale of operations and thus operate in non-competing niche product categories. However in some cases international...
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...http://www.ppec.com.pk Introduction We are proud to announce that we have established a registered and authorized firm. It is not wrong to claim it unique in consultancy services organization comprising of professionals and we are offering technical/legal guidance of competent professionals to all stakeholders, who are involved in the business of import, manufacturing , storage, transportation ,supply , use and handling of petroleum product, Petro chemicals ,compress/liquefied mineral and industrial gases. Vision: To strategically transform in to dynamic player as a service provider in the field of petroleum industry. To become a nationally acclaimed company for its excellence in the service sector of petroleum, explosives, petrochemicals ,transport and allied fields. To innovate the ideas for serving our customer while towing for profile of international standards. So deliver technically superb and economically feasible services, products and solutions to our customers, while meeting the technological and engineering standards. With the fast pace of our journey towards our VISION, we shall adhere to our core values. Mission: Our mission is to service and satisfy our customers by fulfilling their legal/technical/marketing needs with our quality services. We hope and believe that this path will lead to excellence, to innovation, and, gutsy leadership that will allow our clients to realize their aspirations at least and maybe a lot more. Our profitability is achieved...
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...JAIPURIA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT PROJECT REPORT ON PETROL INDUSTRY INTRODUCTION Petroleum industry in India Petroleum Industry Research is a very important aspect related to Petroleum industry all over the world. Petrochemicals are chemical products derived from petroleum. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sources such as corn or sugar cane. The petrochemical industry in India has been one of the fastest growing industries in the country. Since the beginning, the Indian petrochemical industry has shown an enviable rate of growth. This industry also has immense importance in the growth of economy of the country and the growth and development of manufacturing industry as well. It provides the foundation for manufacturing industries like construction, packaging, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textiles etc. Its significance is increasing with the passage of time due to the following aspects:- • Petroleum is a non-renewable resource and is available under the earth's crust in limited quantity. So, research becomes essential in case of exploration of petroleum so that the supply side of it remains viable during the near future. • Petroleum Industry is generally accompanied by huge amount of pollution emission which required to be checked for social welfare. Hence, extensive Petroleum Industry...
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...Our Quality Management Our Social Commitment Performance indicators CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Corporate Governance Integrated Risk Management Board of Directors Top Management Structure of Organization of TVK Plc. Supervisory Board Report by the Supervisory Board Corporate Information GLOSSARY OF TERMS SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBLIT Y 1 16 122 125 132 133 136 142 150 152 156 158 159 161 162 165 168 169 2 tvK annual report 2008 content tvK at a glance Tisza Chemical Group Public Limited Company (TVK Plc. or TVK) operates in Tiszaújváros, as a member of the Petrochemical Division of the MOL Group, and cooperates integratedly with Slovnaft Petrochemicals, s.r.o., in Bratislava. We are supplying polymers mainly to European plastic processing companies, and our olefin sales are significant mainly towards the Hungarian chemical and oil-processing industries. Our petrochemicals business is among the top ten players in the European polyolefin market, and are supported by excellent geographic position. We produce commodity polymers in competitive quality, which are fundamental for a wide range of industrial application and for the production of a vast number of consumer goods that are essential to our everyday lives....
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...A foam cup, also referred to as a styrofoam cup is a disposable drinking cup made of plastic, expanded polystyrene (EPS) to be exact. Despite seeming like a very mundane and trivial product, it’s formulation is extensive, covering crude oil extraction, refining, chemical transformation, distribution, retail, and disposal. Both the production and disposal of foam cups also have serious environmental impacts and its widespread use has generated significant recycling issues. Raw Material Extraction The lifecycle of a foam cup begins with the extraction of crude oil by oil rigs both on-shore and from beneath the sea floor in the Gulf of Mexico. These rigs require large amounts of manpower and energy and freshwater to operate, and pose a real threat for potential spills which can damage and harm marine ecology. Refining of Material Crude oil is unusable as it comes out of the ground. It must be purified and separated into its useful components, which is where the oil refinery comes in. The US Gulf Coast has the largest concentration of refineries in the world. It is from the refinery that we get transportation fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. It is also where we get raw materials for the chemical industry. For the production of plastics we get naphtha, which are 5 to 9 carbon chains that can be used as the raw material in a plant to make ethylene and benzene. Benzene and ethylene are subsequently reacted in another plant to make styrene. Refineries...
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...This will provide a summary of the bid proposal to Dows headquarters for PBB by Vignart and Mercer, for a partially state and privately owned petro-chemical company in Bahia Blanca, Argentina. Bahia Blanca is rich in resources having access to Argentina’s largest gas basins making it an optimal location for a plant; which presents a great acquisition opportunity for Dow. The acquisition also provides Dow with exposure to the growing Ethylene and Polyethylene business in Argentina keeping them a world leader in the chemicals industry. The chemicals and plastics industry consisting of the production of ethylene and polyethylene can be very profitable. Ethylene is used to produce polyethylene; polyethylene is then used to produce plastics by manufacturers for household goods that we use every day, a few examples are the plastic gallon milk container, trash bags, and plastics for grocer foods like bread. The drivers of profitability are: size of the plant-larger plants produce more decreasing cost and impacting profits, capacity addition and reductions impact supply and demand, production cost-crackling naphtha is more expensive than cracking ethane to manufacture, global operating rate has a direct correlation with ethylene profitability. Dow has been the US leader in chemical and plastic manufacturing. Dow will have to consider prospective bidders, the quality of the manufacturing facility, uncontrollable risk like currency fluctuations and government policy impacting foreign...
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...Pioneer Petroleum Pioneer Petroleum is a multinational corporation that is in position to capitalize on investments all around the World. Within the industry Pioneer’s gasoline are among the cleanest burning fuels. They are better position than most to meet strict environmental guidelines as they currently have clean efficient running plants positioned to capitalize on less polluted products. Also Pioneer Petroleum is heavily involved in exploration and devilment. From 1924 to the present, pioneer has been able to expand both vertically and diversify horizontally. With such resources and capital, the company has to oversee so many opportunities and ventures. Presently the company is at odds over whether they should use a company wide cut off rate based on the overall weighted average cost of capital or if Pioneer should use multiple rates that reflect risk-profit characteristics of the several businesses or economic sectors. At first we must decide if the methodology used in computing the company’s overall weighted average cost of capital is just. Second, we should decide in which terms Pioneer adheres to future investments. Should they adjust discount rates for different divisions and projects and stay away from a universal cutoff rate? Third, the capital budgeting criteria must be set for different projects across Pioneer’s divisions. What distinctions among projects need to be noted and how the standards should be determined are all questions that arise...
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...2 3 4 5 6 711 8 J. International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, Vol. 3, No. 1/2, 2006 Sustaining competitive advantage in the global petrochemical industry: a Saudi Arabian perspective Salem M. Al-Ghamdi Department of Management and Marketing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 667, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia E-mail: sghamdi@kfupm.edu.sa M. Sadiq Sohail* Department of Management and Marketing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, PO Box 210, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia E-mail: ssohail@kfupm.edu.sa E-mail: sadiqsohail@hotmail.com *Corresponding author Abstract: This paper analyses the competitive advantages of Saudi Arabia in the global petrochemical industry. Porter’s model is used for this purpose. Saudi Arabia, a leading producer of oil, is also the largest worldwide producer of a number of petrochemical products. Competitiveness in the global market demands an examination of comparative advantages and is the reason why Saudi Arabia is yet to succeed in the global market. This paper is an attempt to analyse the industry and to provide strategic alternatives. Keywords: petrochemical; Porter; Saudi Arabia; strategy. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Al-Ghamdi, S.M. and Sadiq Sohail, M. (2006) ‘Sustaining competitive advantage in the global petrochemical industry: a Saudi Arabian perspective’, Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, Vol. 3, No. 1/2, pp.4–17. Biographical notes:...
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...POL 101 Politics: Comparative Introduction State Role in Development Hypothesis—Development covaries with state capability in complex, population-dense world. Definitions of Key Terms state— territory, population, government, international capacity state capability—delivery of essential functions; providing physical security, efficient institutions to assure rule of law, competent administration development—diversified commons with overlapping, cross-cutting allegiances, interactive networks of communication, invention, production, distribution, innovation, regeneration, sanctioned by performance-linked status quality of life—pervasive literacy, discretionary leisure, opportunities for self-improvement and life-long education, various sets of friends and associates, choice of urban or country life, privacy, with adequate prosperity and technological sophistication to make it all work Comments ● Republic of Kazakhstan: Kazakhstan’s development of immense mineral reserves and massive economic prospective (major foreign investments in oil sector) co-varies with its state capability of efficient administration, primarily from competent leaders, like President Nursultan Nazarbayev. ■ Republic of Latvia: Under the rule of successful and competent administration, Latvia has been able to restore economic growth in times of global hardship, co-varying with its efforts in establishing a status as a world educator in transferring that knowledge to member states...
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...The Russian “Trepak” vs. The Ukrainian “Hopak” The popular FOX TV show “So You Think You Can Dance” began introducing various styles of dance to bring awareness of traditions of other cultures into the mainstream television in the US. In last season’s finale, the two top male dancers, Joshua and Twitch, danced a ‘Russian “trepak”’ while wearing Ukrainian folk costumes and dancing traditional hopak moves. The hopak is the traditional dance of Ukraine. This caused some controversy, and offended those from Ukraine as well as Russia. The dance was choreographed to music from “The Nutcracker”, which raised questions as well. The fact that the composer, Tchaikovsky, who was of Ukrainian origin, used Ukrainian folk melodies in his works does not make them automatically Russian. Just to give a little history, trepak, or hopak was developed and then danced by the Ukrainian Cossacks even before Ukraine was taken over by Russia. The costumes, choreography and music had nothing to do with Russian culture, but instead were tied to Ukrainian traditions. Russians have never danced “trepak” as part of their traditional cultural dance. The fact that the dance was presented as a Russian number was not only an uncharacteristic sign of ignorance, but also insulted many Ukrainians watching everywhere! The “trepak” and hopak are distinct Ukrainian national dances that even the Soviet government never suggested were Russian in origin! Also, it was said that it was “Russian street dancing”...
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...Country Analysis: Russia MBA Fall 2015 International Management in Sport and Entertainment Table of Contents Country Analysis: Russia 1 Introduction 1 Economic Environment 1 Political and Legal Environment 2 Culture 2 Conclusion 6 Country Analysis: Russia Introduction Russia is the world’s largest nation, covering 6,5 million square miles, with a population of 143 million people recorded in 2014. Russia borders European and Asian countries as well as the Pacific and Arctic oceans. In order to make a decision, concerning the market expansion of an organization into Russia, the economic environment as well as the political and legal environment will be analyzed with a focus on the cultural aspects. Economic Environment Russia is one of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), which are projected to be the fastest growing emerging economies, with a combined GDP of $16 trillion. With a GDP of $2.6 trillion, Russia is a leading exporter of natural gas and oil and is the fifth largest economy in the world. Services are the largest sector of the economy and accounts for 58 percent of the GDP. The most important segments in services include wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods. This represents 17 percent of total GDP; public administration, health and education (12 percent); real estate (9 percent) and transport storage and communications (7 percent). Industry contributes...
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...Russian Culture When talking about the culture of Russia, using the ASCOPE method is an accurate approach to get an overview of what the culture consists of and the breakdown of the important factors. ASCOPE an abbreviation for: Area, which is the geographic location or territory of the country. Structures, is a physical location and function that can hinder a military operation: schools, government buildings, mosques and cemeteries. Capabilities, which refer to limitations of key personnel and civilian organization: Health, education and social status. These can also be measured by what they produce. Organization, are categorized by the positive or negative impact of the U.S mission. People, understanding the people are the most important in Counter Insurgency Operations. Learning the people and relating to the people will benefit the country by limiting the mistakes from misunderstandings and will guarantee more accomplished missions. Lastly is Events, which are the cultures religious traditions and holidays or any specific event that is cherished amongst the people (Miles). “Know thy self, know thy enemy. A thousand battles, a thousand victories” (Sun Tzu, The Art of War). So, when looking at Russia it is important to take into consideration the aspects of ASCOPE, especially the people. Russia is located in northern Eurasia, and is considered to be the world’s largest country on the basis of territory. It spans over 17,075,200 kilometers and covers roughly one eighth of...
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...were joined with four Russian cosmonauts. The three researches were from Japan, Canada, and Austria. None of the participants spoke English as their first language, however they each communicated in English at varying levels of proficiency during their stay. The replica was no larger than the size of a train car. As part of the study, the researchers were asked to join the Russian cosmonauts for 110 days, after the four Russians had already completed almost half of their 240 days in isolation. Only one female, Judith Lapierre, was invited to participate in the experiment. She had a PhD in public health and social medicine, and had previously conducted isolation research in Antarctica. It should also be mentioned that this would be her fourth trip to Russia enabling her to learn the language. Lapierre claims that the Japanese and Austrian participants viewed her as something favorable. Lapierre created a comfortable environment by rearranging furniture, hanging posters and putting down a tablecloth on the kitchen table. Lapierre explained that the Russians only viewed their environment as something to be endured. It was during a New Year’s Eve party, when an event ensued that created tension between the participants in the study. After drinking vodka, two of the Russian cosmonauts engaged in a fistfight and had to be restrained by the other men. The two involved generally did not cope well with each other even before the incident. Soon after, the Russian commander grabbed Lapierre...
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...regional operations. Nearly all the work force will be recruited in Russia as they understand the culture and will be more capable of opening the market and helping to increase consumer confidence in the product. Another point to consider is that, while recruiting and staffing are a fairly straightforward processes for most American companies, some Russian companies have had to actively search for and recruit employees. In one case, a client seemed surprised that he should spend time and money looking for qualified employees. He assumed that prospective employees would come to him . This is not necessarily the case in Russia and is a good reason why a local person should be on ground handling most of the recruiting and staffing stages. Training and Development - Training and development plan should be outsourced to bring the best based on the business , cultural and political environment of Russia . Performance Management – Forty-four percent of Russian managers spend more than one-tenth of their time managing employees' poor performance, which is much less than in the rest of the world, unlike in Western countries, Russian manager have not established the...
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...DBQ Having lived in multi-national empires in Eastern and Southern Europe during the eighteenth century, the Slavic people began to think about having their own state. Beginning in the early nineteenth century, a movement called Pan-Slavism emerged, which was a movement pushing for just that. In 1848, the movement began to become mainstream and soon became a dominant movement. Many were opposed to Pan-Slavism, however, thus a debate arose which raised political and cultural issues. Those involved in this debate can be placed into four distinct groups: supporters of Pan-Slavic ideals, (Docs 3, 8) those against Pan-Slavism for Nationalist reasons, (Docs 4, 7, 9, 11) Supporters of Pan-Slavism for Imperial reasons, (Docs 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 13) and those against Pan-Slavism for Empirical reasons. (Docs 11, 14) A discernable change over time is that as time progressed people became more sympathetic to the Slavic people and support for Pan-Slavism increased. Those who identified themselves as Slavs in addition to those who felt that the Slavic people were being oppressed were supporters of Pan-Slavic ideals. (Docs 3, 8) Bronislaw Trentowski, a Polish philosopher, says in a lecture that if he were czar, he would create a Slavic empire and destroy the Ottoman and Austrian empires. (Doc 8) Jan Kollar, a Slovak poet and early advocate of Pan-Slavism, preaches that all Slavs should unite as one nation because that is their true identity. (Doc 3) This opinion is due to a personal bias as...
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