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Ruth Benedict Vs Rachels Summary

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Ruth Benedict vs James Rachels

Genevieve Apusen

Introduction to Philosophy, PHIL 100

7:30-8:55, TTH, CRN 21258

In submitting this assignment with this cover page, I am hereby stating that: (1) I have voluntarily read, understand, and agree to uphold and abide by the syllabus plagiarism policy for this class; (2) I have neither plagiarized any other author’s written material or unwritten ideas or enabled (intentionally or unwittingly) other students to plagiarize any part of this assignment; (3) I have neither shown or even discussed my assignment with any other student; and (4) I voluntarily accept the consequences stipulated in the syllabus plagiarism policy for this class should my statements in (1), (2), or (3) above prove false. …show more content…
Benedict supports Cultural Relatvism and whereas Rachels argues against this. Benedict uses her anthropological research to build her case for relativity and depends on different histories and environments of a few cultures. Rachels analyzes Cultural Relativism and justifies why it isn’t necessarily right or wrong. I have reviewed and thought about each of their arguments and have decided to side with James Rachels. The following paragraphs will be an attempt at showing why I believe both arguments seem to basically be equally strong with a slight lead by Ruth …show more content…
Benedict’s strongest argument and what puts her in the lead is the belief that the actions people make based on their culture is due to habits imbedded in the culture of a society. Benedict’s argument can be criticized because she seems to focus on fewer examples than Rachels and are more severe and on the far ends of a spectrum it would seem. Besides sharing the fact that some beliefs are viewed as immoral or moral in different societies, many of the issues brought up by Benedict don’t have much in common and aren’t shared by other cultures. I would have to agree with Rachels that universal moral codes do exist according to his claims. Rachels provides many examples supporting his argument and they are strong enough to be able to compete with Benedict’s arguments. However, it can be said that Rachels focuses on Western Culture and the way it perceives morality rather than a broader view of different cultures. In his attempt to show that the Cultural Differences Argument is wrong because it attempts to make a “substantive conclusion” on what is right and wrong just because two societies don’t have the same beliefs he makes a slight mistake. The argument on whether the earth is flat or spherical has really no correlation to morality and we have proof that the earth is round. So how can

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