...The 24th Computer Software and Applications Conference (compsac2000), Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 2000. A Practical Method for Watermarking Java Programs Akito Monden Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology akito-m@is.aist-nara.ac.jp Hajimu Iida Information Technology Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology iida@is.aist-nara.ac.jp Ken-ichi Matsumoto Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology matumoto@is.aist-nara.ac.jp Katsuro Inoue Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Osaka University inoue@ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp Koji Torii Nara Institute of Science and Technology torii@is.aist-nara.ac.jp Abstract viewers[6][22]. As shown in figure 1, class viewers expose the internals of a class file, displaying class structure (fields and methods), thus, program users may know how to use that class file without asking to the original programmer. To make matters worse, program users can obtain source codes of a class file by using Java decompilers[15], such as SourceAgain[2], Jad[14], Mocha[24], etc. In this situation, the Java program developer’s intellectual property will be infringed if a program user steals anyone else’s class file and builds it into his/her own program without the original programmer's permission. We call this copyright infringement a program theft, which is one of the reasons why many companies hesitate to use Java in the real software...
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