...Santería (La Regla de Ocha) This syncretistic religion draws influence from Catholicism and originated in the Caribbean, circa 16th century, during the slave trade (Lefever 318). Santería (Way of the Saints) owes its roots to the Yoruba People of West Africa, who brought their religious beliefs to the “new world” when they were taken as slaves. It’s better known as La Regla de Ocha or the Lucumí Religion; these names are preferred by its practitioners. There are little to no written scripture or books in this religion. It is passed down through word of mouth (Duncan “What is Santeria?”). Due to their new lives as slaves, the Yoruba people had to find a way to secretly practice their religion as Catholicism/Christianity was being forced upon them by their captors. They did this partly by finding similarities in Christian religious symbols. They would represent their Orichas/Orishas or “head guardians” with Catholic saints. This created a sort of parallel between the religions, rather than a combination of the two. The resulting belief system would grow to become what is known as Santeria, a name given by the Spaniards. However this name is not true of its real roots (therefore I will be referring to it as La Regla de Ocha). There is no central ideology in La Regla de Ocha. It is more readily organized and understood by its practices, hierarchy, and proverbs. However, a few things are held true in La Regla de Ocha; respect for ancestry, a belief that each person is born...
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...The first example I will be giving is Santeria, a religion. Santeria originates from West Africa and the Caribbean. The Catholic Church influences it a lot because most of the saints from the Catholic Religion are the same in Santeria for example, Baby Jesus is Eleggua, Santa Barbara is Chango, Our Lady of Regla is Yemaya, and San Lazaro is Babalu Aye. As the African slaves were brought to the “New World”, as they believed it was called back then, slaves brought their practicing religion. It is now mixed into the melting pot of religions. Second example is food. If some gets asked where is Rice and Beans come from, they will quick respond Cuba! But that is not the case. Beans as we all know comes from China, we often see a lot of Chinese eating rice, beans is said to have come from the Middle East. The Spanish Colonies brought this mixture into the “New World”. Now everyone eats rice and beans, in Cuba, Puerto Rico, etc. Lastly, the third example I will be giving is Spanglish. Spanglish is a mixture of two languages, Spanish and English. This new type of mixture can be heard a lot in Miami because Miami has a high population of Hispanics. The kids of the people and come to Miami go to school and learn to speak English, but also know Spanish because their parents taught them. Now, everyone in Miami is bilingual some often speak to each other in Spanglish. For example a sentence of Spanglish would be “Sorry I was late, I was on my way cuando una goma se me poncho and I had...
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...Church of Lukumi Babalu v. City of Hialeah The Church of Lukumi Babalu, located in Hialeah, Florida, practiced the Afro-Caribbean-based religion of Santeria. They used animal sacrifice as a form of worship to their god on the celebration of birth, marriage, and death. The case of Church of Lukumi Babalu v. City of Hialeah came to court when the Church of Lukumi Babalu violated the Florida state law of no animal sacrifice or slaughter, unless with a state license. The Church of Lukumi Babalu argued that the city was violating their 1st Amendment rights by not allowing the right of freedom of religion. The City of Hialeah thought otherwise. They argued that animal sacrifice put the citizens of Hialeah's health and safety at risk. The legal...
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...Santeria is a belief system that encompasses much more than the popular Judeo-Christian religions, including herbal healing practices and music. Santeria is based on Orishas, which are a connection between people and a higher power. Ache is an all-encompassing energy, which is in almost everything in the world; animals, plants, blood, and water. “Ache is neutral: it is manifested in catastrophes as well as in exceptionally fortunate situations. It is up to us humans to channel it in a positive or negative manner.(World view Sandoval pg 83)” Olodumare is considered the Supreme being on the Religion, omnipresent, creator of everything. The religious structure doesn’t put much ritual around him. A huge part of the religion are the Orichas, they are considered the connection between the material and spiritual world. The most important orichas are Shango, Ogun, Orunmila, Eleggua. Oshun, Yemaya, Obatala, Babaluaiye, Osain, Ochosi, Oya. Shango corresponds to Saint Barbara; he is the god of fire, thunder, and lightning. He is a very masculine and flamboyant womanizer represented by the colors red and white. Shango enjoys bananas, okra, ram goat, sheep, red palm oil, amala (dumplings made of cornmeal). Ogun corresponds to saint Peter; he is the god of tools and metals, specifically iron. He is mischievous and represented by colors green and black. He enjoys...
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...Santeria, which means “the way of the saints,” originated in Cuba, and is considered an Afro-Cuban religion. It is also known as La Regla Lucumi and the Rule of Osha. Santeria is a syncretic religion created by the blending of Catholicism and Lucumi religion. This religion has roots in Africa, especially the Yoruba people in southwestern Nigeria. In Santeria, the saints of Catholicism and the comparable orishas of the Yoruba religion, are the same. As the New World was the new forcible home to slaves, Africans brought their Yoruba religious traditions along. They were forced to convert into Christianity and forget their original beliefs by their owners. But the slaves persisted and discovered a way to hide their beliefs with the introduction of Catholicism in Cuba in the 16th century. They disguised their gods/godesses behind the representation of Catholic saints so it would seem that they were praying to the saints, but were actually praying to their gods. The secrecy of practicing rites, prayers, and rituals has then become essential in Santeria. The transatlantic slave trade was responsible for the forced migration of between 12 - 15 million people from Africa to the New World from the middle of the 15th century to the end of the 19th...
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...Krista Michael Mrs. Cooker ENG-101-038 2 December 2014 Santaria Sacrifice Practiced in the United States of America and abroad, ritualistic animal sacrifice is a component of the Santería religion. Santeros, practitioners of the Santería religion, accept this as a necessary part of their church. Attempted denial of religious freedom has led to the sensationalism of animalistic offerings but they are a small part of the religious observance. Aversion to bloodletting, ignorance and misinformation have led to the misrepresentation of Santeros as dangerous members of society and Santería itself as a communal danger. An Afro-Cuban religion, Santería is a Spanish word that translates as devotion to the saints. It is also known as Regla de...
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...Voodoo ~vs.~ Santeria| | | When people think of chicken bones, dolls, love potion and spells they tend to think of “Black Magic”/Witches. At least that is how it has been depicted in many movies, and TV shows for many, many years. What people don’t realize is that “black magic” also known as Voodoo and the Santeria religion, which has been around way before television was even invited and way back into slavery days. In this paper I plan to show the differences and similarities between the two religions so one may get a better understanding of this so called “black magic. ORGINS: Both Voodoo and Santeria originated from the Yoruba people of West Africa. When abducted from their homes and made slaves in the Americas and the Caribbean, without regards to their beliefs and faith. They brought their beliefs with them, but were forbidden to be practice. Being forbidden, these people were forced to keep their beliefs hidden and behind closed doors. During the days of slavery the Roman Catholic faith were forced upon those that were made slaves. But some slaves were smart and resourceful; they decided to hide their native religion of either Voodoo or Santeria in the very same Catholic religion that was being forced upon them. BELIEFS: according to Wikipedia, “Voodoo combines the elements of European and African beliefs and Roman Catholicism.” Those who believe in Voodoo “believe that spiritual forces, which can be kind or mischievous, shape daily life through and...
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...Immersion Experience with the Baptist Church CNS 6565-10 Multicultural Foundations Winter 2015 Immersion Experience with the Baptist Church Of the fifty four churches located in Hinesville, Georgia the Baptist Church has thirteen churches located throughout the town. The purpose of selecting the Baptist Church Sunday service was to examine how Sunday services differ from the Sunday services at a Catholic Mass and to increase the cultural awareness of the Baptist Services and to explore why one member of its congregation chose this particular church over the other twelve Baptist churches available. Description of Activities On 1 March, 2015, The First Calvary Missionary Baptist Church was visited for its Sunday service. The church was full with almost every seat taken. A majority of the church members were African American. There were also two Hispanic families and three Caucasian families. The order of the church was praise and worship, choir singing, devotional services, church covenant, welcome and announcements, song selection, tithes/offering/benevolent, scriptures from the bible, hymn’s of worship, the sermon delivered by the pastor, altar call, invitation to discipleship, communion and benediction. The service was three hours long. It included many songs song by the choir in between each order. The orders of welcome and announcements, sermon delivered by the pastor, communion and benediction were each approximately forty minutes long with the...
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...Hispanic Communities in the United States One of the largest ethnic groups in America is the Hispanic America community with a population of 45,476,938 people out of total United States population of 301,461,533 (American Fact Finder, 2010). Three of the biggest groups that make up the Hispanic or Latino community in the United States are: Mexican-Americans, Cuban-Americans & Puerto Rican-Americans. These three communities share a common language heritage but have major differences in important areas such as: political, economic and social life. Mexican Americans are the largest Hispanic group in America with an estimated population of 29,333,047 (American Fact Finder, 2010). The settlement pattern of Mexican Americans is mostly in big cities. 90% of them live in cities or towns with the highest concentration in the Los Angeles, California, area (Engelkirk & Marin, 2011). The pattern of living in close-knit ethnic communities encourages the use the Spanish language. Some Mexican Americans living in Colorado and northern New Mexico can trace their heritage back 10 generations and are considered “charter members” of the United States, pre-dating the first Anglo-American settlers (Engelkirk & Marin, 2011). Their language and culture are very strong in the area. The politics of Mexican Americans has been traditionally Democratic. According to a 2002 Latino National Political Survey, 60% of Latinos describe themselves as Democrats, 16% Republican, and 24% as...
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...Nontraditional health care practices are becoming more and more popular in many different cultures. There will be several different cultures that will be will discussed concerning their diverse health care practices and how these practices influence their culture regarding their health and what they do to avoid health problems. Furthermore, I will investigate different nontraditional health care choices that are existing in my region, along with the number of people choosing to use those choices over traditional medical practices. Hmong Hmongs believe in both traditional health care practices and non-traditional health care practices. However they fear American medicines because of their serious side effects (Purnell, 2013). Hmong’s use many herbs to heal themselves. Usually when children are sick they will give the herbs and plants. Sometimes they will add these herbs to their children’s food which consist of only chicken and rice and no vegetables (Carteret, M. 2011). Most Hmong families try herbal remedies before doing anything else. They fear that if surgery is done that good spirits will leave the body and that bad spirits will enter (Purnell, 2013). Korean Koreans believe in many options for healing most of these options are non-traditional. Herbal medicine which is used for creating harmony between oneself and the larger cosmology (Purnell 2013). Koreans believe that having harmony will allow the body and soul to heal. Koreans like to use Acupuncture, herbal medicines...
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...ACADEMY OF ECONOMIC STUDIES FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SUBJECT: INTERNATIONAL MARKETING STUDENTS: ICHIMOAEI VICTOR-DRAGOS MIHAI MINODORA-ELENA GROUP 133, SERIES A PROJECT THEME: CUBA TABLE OF CONTENT: 1. HISTORY 2. GOVERNMENT 3. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 3.1. LOCATION 3.2. CLIMATE 3.3. RESOURCES 4. RELIGION AND LAW 5. PERSONAL COMMUNICATION 6. CULTURE 6.1. MUSIC 6.2. SPORTS 7. ECONOMY AND MARKETING ENVIRONMENT 8. CURRENCY 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. HISTORY Cuba was discovered in the 15th century by Christopher Columbus and his conquistadors on the journey to discover a new route to East Asia through the west. He coasted in Santiago de Cuba and the city became the capital of the colony and remained such till the capital was relocated to Havana. On 2 December 1956 a party of 82 people on the yacht Granma landed in Cuba. They landed a week later, off course and under attack from Batista's forces, who had been anticipating their arrival. Fewer than 20 of the men on the ship survived. Batista's men claimed to have killed Castro yet could not produce a body. Months later New York Times reporter Herbert Matthews would publish the first in a series of articles that proved Castro was very much alive and made him a legend: "Fidel Castro, the rebel leader of Cuba's youth, is alive and fighting hard and successfully in the rugged, almost impenetrable fastness of the Sierra...
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...The African Diaspora has had numerous global impacts, many of which are still apparent today. Impacts upon religion, music, and even language can all be seen today. For example, the text above says that, “Throughout the diaspora, we find religious cults of African origin:candomblé in Brazil, shango in Trinidad, Santeria in Cuba, vodou in Haiti, gnawa in Morocco, bori in Tunisia, andzar in Istanbul and southern Iran, all of them involving spirit possession and the use of music.” This shows that the spirit possession and a heavy musical influence, both derived from African culture, show up in religions all around the world. As for its impact on music, the text reads, “African musical traditions are also prevalent throughout the diaspora: the...
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...5 Further reading ------------------------------------------------- Christianity[edit] The majority of Latin Americans are Christians (90%),[1] mostly Roman Catholics.[2] Membership in Protestant denominations is increasing, particularly in Brazil, Chile, Guatemala,El Salvador and Puerto Rico.[3] Brazil has an active quasi-socialist Roman Catholic movement known as Liberation Theology.[citation needed] Anglicanism also has a long and growing presence in Latin America ------------------------------------------------- Indigenous creeds[edit] Indigenous creeds and rituals are still practiced in countries with large percentages of Amerindians, such as Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru. Various Afro-Latin American traditions such as Santería, Candomblé, Umbanda, Macumba, and tribal-voodoo religions are also practiced, mainly in Cuba, Brazil, and Haiti. ------------------------------------------------- Other world religions[edit] The Mosque of Omar Ibn Al-Khattab in Maicao, Colombia. Argentina hosts the largest communities of both Jews[4][5][6] and Muslims[7][8][9] in Latin America. Brazil is the country with more practitioners in the world of Allan Kardec's Spiritism. Practitioners of the Judaism, Mormonism, Jehovah's Witness, Buddhist, Islamic, Hinduism, Bahá'í Faith, andShinto denominations and religions also exercise in Latin America.[ South America Climate is predominantly wet and hot. However the large size of the continent makes the climate of South America varied...
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...Amanda Morris Consumer Behavior 10 December 2012 Higher Education in Puerto Rico Amanda Morris Consumer Behavior 10 December 2012 Higher Education in Puerto Rico Puerto Rico is an interesting country when looking in comparison with the United States. They have been largely influenced by the US in culture, economics, and education. Because they have had aspirations of becoming the 51st state, they have historically tried to mainstream their culture in tandem with cultural trends in the mainland US. The interesting thing about that is that Puerto Rican people are fiercely proud of their cultural identity, and their heritage. They refer to themselves as Puerto Rican, even when they are second and third generation United States’ citizens. They have fought to keep Spanish in their schools instead of strict English. They hold themselves to even higher standards of education in many aspects. This leads to some interesting nuances in Puerto Rican education and the choices people make when it comes to choosing a college. This paper seeks to briefly examine how consumer behavior relates to higher education in Puerto Rico. Economics play a large factor, as well as strong involvement from the government, and US cultural influences in how and why secondary education choices are made for the people of Puerto Rico. To being with, when thinking about Puerto Rico, one must first look to what makes the country unique. A good starting place would be its basic facts...
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...the Cauto is important. The climate is semitropical and generally uniform, and like most other Caribbean nations Cuba is subject to hurricanes. Cuba has three mountain regions: the wild and rugged Sierra Maestra in the east, rising to 6,560 ft (2,000 m) in the Pico Turquino; a lower range, the scenic Sierra de los Órganos, in the west; and the Sierra de Trinidad, a picturesque mass of hills amid the plains and rolling country of central Cuba, a region of vast sugar plantations. The rest of the island is level or rolling. The origins of the population include Spanish (over 35%), African (over 10%), and mixed Spanish-African (over 50%). Spanish is spoken and Roman Catholicism, the dominant religion, is tolerated by the Marxist government. Santería, an African-derived faith, is also practiced, and there are a growing number of Protestant evangelical...
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