...WESTERNS GOVERNERS UNIVERSITY | SARS | HAT Task 3: Competency 725.8.7: Environmental and Global Health Issues | | SUBDOMAIN 725.8 - COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING | 6/5/2014 | | A. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a severe form of pneumonia. The infection causes severe breathing difficulty and sometimes even death. SARS is caused by the coronavirus family of viruses, which is the same family that usually causes the common cold. SARS was believed to start when the virus spread from small mammals in China to humans in the 2003 epidemic. A World Health Organization physician named Dr. Carlo Urbani acknowledged SARS as a new disease in 2003. He diagnosed a 48 year old man, who had traveled from China, through Hong Kong, to Vietnam with SARS. After the doctor and the physician died from SARS, the disease was spreading fairly quickly. It spread and infected peoples in Asia, Africa, Australia, South and North America, and Europe. When someone who is infected with SARS coughs or sneezes, infected droplets fly into the air and anyone who breathes in or touches these particles can get infected by the virus and this was the viruses' mode of transmission. The virus can live on hands, tissues, and other surfaces and droplets in the air 3 hours after it has dried. At the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the global total affected was 8,422 with 916 deaths, which made up 11% of global population. All ages were effected, but women the most. Also, health care workers...
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...Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome, also known as SARS, is a respiratory illness caused by a virus called a coronavirus. Six coronaviruses can infect people. These viruses were first identified in the 1960’s. Specific to SARS is the coronavirus known as SARS-CoV. SARS was first reported in Asia in February 2003. In just a few short months, the virus spread to more than twenty-four countries, which included North America, S. America, Europe, and Asia. This became known as the SARS global outbreak of 2003. During the 2003 outbreak, 8,098 people worldwide contracted the virus. Of those 8,098 people 774 died and only eight people tested positive for the virus in the United States. Luckily, the SARS outbreak did not spread more widely in the United States. Initially the epidemic of SARS was associated with an outbreak of atypical pneumonia that originated in Guangdong Province, located in Southeast China. After virus isolation, serum testing, and molecular testing, scientists were able to discover that SARS had been circulating in Guangdong Province for a couple of months before causing a major outbreak. With further testing, specific to the SARS coronavius (CoV), it was found that the SARS CoV was the infectious agent that caused the outbreak in Guangdong. Further findings proved, through genetic analysis, that the SARS CoV found in patients in Guangdong shared the same origin with other countries and identified a genetic pathway that...
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...SARS in the Community Spencer Larsen WGU 725.8.7 SARS in the Community There have been many communicable disease outbreaks in the history of the world. Some of these outbreaks have killed large percentages of the population, while others have caused large portions of the population to become very sick, and only killing a small number of those infected. One such communicable disease outbreak was the SARS outbreak from 2003. Analysis of SARS SARS is an acronym for severe acute respiratory syndrome. It was caused by the virus SARS-CoV and was first reported in Asia in February 2003. It then spread to over 20 countries in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. It was successfully contained in 2004, and there have not been any other cases reported since then. In 2012 the National Select Agent Registry Program declared that the SARS virus is a select agent, which means that it has potential to become a serious threat to public health and safety (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). 2013). Epidemiological Indicators There are many epidemiological indicators that are associated with SARS. It is important to understand the indicators so that the virus can be correctly identified in possible future outbreaks. The indicators that will be discussed are the incubation period, period of communicability, mode and risk factors for infectious agent transmission, and the significance of animal reservoirs. The incubation period for SARS ranged anywhere between one...
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...proposal: SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome Finding new drug targets Part I: Disease History and outbreak details: SARS is a viral respiratory disease caused by a particular coronavirus first emerged on November 16 2002 in China. The coronavirus can cause a common cold in humans. The investigation of these viruses is hard, because culture in the lab is very difficult. There are a lot of various coronaviruses that affect poultry and animals, the economic effect of coronaviruses is big. A coronavirus consists of a viral spike (S) made of peplomers (grouping of glycoproteins), an envelope (E), an membrane (M) and a nucleocapsid (N). Source: Hilgenfeld, R., Peiris, J.S.M. From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses. Antiviral Res. (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.08.015. Virus discovery: It took the WHO 6 months to discover the causative agent of the disease. A quick identification of a new virus is important for prevention and control of a disease outbreak and can be accomplished by new strategys in virus discovery: New strategy for virus discovery: viruses identified in human feces in the last decades Part II: Possible procedures Receptor binding domain: The unique virus of SARS involves a receptor-binding domain on the spike (S) that play a role in the attachment of the virus to the cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Vaccines with proteins from the specific spikes are effective against SARS. The...
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...The SARS Outbreak of 2003 Western Governors University January 15, 2013 The SARS Outbreak of 2003 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory caused by a coronavirus. Coronavirus is in the same virus family as the common cold. Most commonly spread through person to person contact and droplets when a person coughs or sneezes. It can also be spread when a person touches a surface or object contaminated with the virus then touch their nose, mouth or eyes. Characterized by high fevers, headaches, feeling of discomfort, some may have diarrhea and body aches most will present with a mild respiratory infections, which may lead to pneumonia (CDC, 2012). People that are exposed to the virus may not show symptoms until 2 to 7 days after exposure, this is the viruses average incubation period. SARS first appeared in southern China in 2002 in the Guangdong Province. The Chinese government did not make the outbreak known at this time. It wasn’t until March 2003 that SARS started gaining attention. The patients were presenting with an atypical pneumonia. It was believed that a businessman carrying the virus stayed in a Metropole Hotel in Hong Kong, at the same time a doctor from the Guangdong Providence was staying. The doctor had treated infected patients in Guangdong before going to visit Hong Kong. Shortly after the visit at the hotel, other quests and staff members started becoming ill. “ Of those were a tourist from Toronto, a flight attendant...
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...IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. 47, NO. 7, JULY 2012 1585 A 53-nW 9.1-ENOB 1-kS/s SAR ADC in 0.13- m CMOS for Medical Implant Devices Dai Zhang, Student Member, IEEE, Ameya Bhide, Student Member, IEEE, and Atila Alvandpour, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract—This paper describes an ultra-low power SAR ADC for medical implant devices. To achieve the nano-watt range power consumption, an ultra-low power design strategy has been utilized, imposing maximum simplicity on the ADC architecture, low transistor count and matched capacitive DAC with a switching scheme which results in full-range sampling without switch bootstrapping and extra reset voltage. Furthermore, a dual-supply voltage scheme allows the SAR logic to operate at 0.4 V, reducing the overall power consumption of the ADC by 15% without any loss in performance. The ADC was fabricated in 0.13- m CMOS. In dual-supply mode (1.0 V for analog and 0.4 V for digital), the ADC consumes 53 nW at a sampling rate of 1 kS/s and achieves the ENOB of 9.1 bits. The leakage power constitutes 25% of the 53-nW total power. Index Terms—ADC, analog-to-digital conversion, leakage power consumption, low-power electronics, medical implant devices, successive approximation. I. INTRODUCTION EDICAL implant devices, such as pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators, target increasingly advanced signal acquisition and signal processing systems. Such devices, which are to be implanted in the human body, require extremely low...
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...1. What line is used as a swimmer/ survivor’s tending line? 300 yards of yellow polypropylene, 800 pounds. 2. What is the SAR Manual? 3-50-1. 3. What is the Opnavinst for ORM? 3500.39. 4. When lines are used on Double bitts. Figure eights reduce the rope strength by what percent? 25%. 5. What is the breaking strength in pounds for a 5 3/8 aramid moring line? 180,000lb. 6. What holds the plate couplings together on c-shaped link? Taper pin. 7. Sail needles are numbered how? The higher the #, the smaller the needle. 8. What is the minimum number of wire rope clips required for a 1” 6x19 wire? 5 9. Which of the following aramid line size is equivalent to 8” double-braided nylon? 5 3/8. 10. What Amphib ship is the principal ship employed to support vertical assault (helicopter) ship to shore movement? LPH. 11. What is the Boat Paddle size for Boat, crafts, + Assault Vehicles?4 by 10 in. 12. How many feet should the minimum lenth of the yard whip be if you are rigging the yard boom with a double purchase?250 FT. 13. What Amphibious ship combines the abilities of other 3 amphibious ships? 14. Landing craft assembly circle when a assembly circle from PORT + STBD one each out of the 3 to wave- forming circles where is it located? How far from the ship? How far from each other? Wave forming circles are on the bow. From 50 to 200 yards from the bow of the ship. Its only 2 wave forming circles spaced a 100 yards + the circles are wider...
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...Although it has already been ten years since the outbreak of SARS, people still cannot forget the disasters. Certainly, Hong Kong government has taken a good lesson and should be well-prepared after the disaster of SARS. It is necessary to improve medical treatment internally within Hong Kong, but the prevention of spreading diseases from other countries is also important in maintaining a good public health. From the piece of news, I noticed that Hong Kong still has some loopholes in carrying out the prevention policies. The expansion of the Individual Visit Scheme especially gained my attention because measures taken by the Hong Kong government would be meaningless when the diseases are spread from other countries. We cannot help tackle the hygiene problems in the mainland China, but Hong Kong government should also pay attention in spreading of diseases from tourists and immigrants. Hong Kong government should also keep an eye of the poor sanitation in subdivided flats because the living condition is poorer that we expected, it is sure that if people living in the subdivided flats would easily be infected becase of the poor hygiene. In my opinion, Hong Kong government should set up Infrared Thermometer in the immigration centre, so that the temperature of every tourits and immigrants can be seen. Once the temperature is out of range, he/she should receive a medical check so that we can ensure no infected patient are entering Hong Kong causing the spreading of infectious diseases...
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...Digby Company Simulation Analysis Report Brandon LoPresti Bll5204@psu.edu BA 411 Section 007 I, Brandon LoPresti, affirm that I have not and will not give or receive unauthorized aid on this deliverable and I will complete this work honestly and according to the instructor’s guidelines. Executive Summary As the Chief Executive Officer of Digby Company, I am proud to present a report on the status of our company to the Board of Directors. Here at the Digby Company, our strategy strives to provide our customers with the best products to increase our overall revenue growth and stock to satisfy our shareholders. Throughout eight years, Digby has used an aggressive strategy of investing heavily into R&D, production, and marketing. Because of our strategic decisions, we were able to take control of 40.36% of the market share, completely dominating our competitors in every segment. Our stock price has increased over 1000%, and our sales revenue has increased by 268%. We as a company have increased our S&P from CCC in our first year to AAA in year seven. Our finance, R&D, and production departments have been the major factors in the success of our company. We must also give credit to the hard-working employees that have devoted so much time and effort into building Digby into what it is today. Without their dedication, our company’s strategy would have been unsuccessful. As Digby moves forward as a company, we will continue to follow our strategy of investment and...
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...[pic] ביה"ס לניהול וכלכלה – התוכנית לניהול מערכות מידע 1 . פרטי הקורס |שם הקורס בעברית |היערכות לחירום והמשכיות עסקית BCLE1500 | |שם הקורס באנגלית |BCLE1500 | |שנה |סמסטר |תואר ראשון/שני |שם מקוצר באנגלית | | | | |עד 8 אותיות | |תשע"ג |א' | |BCLE1500 | 2 . סגל הקורס מרצה |שם פרטי בעברית |שם משפחה בעברית |שם פרטי באנגלית |שם משפחה באנגלית | |שלום |דוד |SHALOM |DAVID | |טלפון לפרסום (לא חובה) |דוא"ל |שעת קבלה | | |0504916155 |Shalom.david.cyber@gmail.com |בהמשך לשיעור שיקבע | | מתרגל – זהה למרצה |שם פרטי בעברית ...
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...SARS is a severe acute respiratory syndrome is considered a global threat as of March 2003, most cases occurred among folks the ages of 18 to 64 who were health care workers, patients, and visitors. Canada, other than Asia, was the hardest country hit by SARS, in 2003 there had been 438 probable cases and 44 deaths due to SARS. Majority of these deaths came from the GTA. In 2003 the Ontario Medical Association release guidelines for family doctors regarding SARS patients. The guidelines include keeping out potential SARS patient of doctors’ offices, safely treat SARS patients that did enter offices and protect physicians and staff from infections. Precautions were also taken in hospitals such as wearing protective equipment during all patient...
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...Mawer HAT1 Task 3 A1. Outbreak SARS stands for severe acute respiratory syndrome. This syndrome is a viral respiratory infection caused by a member of the coronavirus family (PubMed Health.gov, 2011). This virus belongs to the same family of viruses that cause the common cold. Linked to being a serious form of pneumonia, it presents symptoms like difficulty breathing, fevers, cough, chills and shaking, and muscle aches. The outbreak of SARS originated in the Guangdong Province, in southern China, in November 2002. It is suspected that SARS started in small mammals in China and spread to humans who handled these mammals (PubMed Health.gov, 2011). Another source states contaminated sewage was found to be responsible for the outbreak in a housing estate in Hong Kong affecting over 300 residents (Chan-Yeung, M., 2003). On February 21, Liu Jianlun, a 64-year-old Chinese physician from traveled to Hong Kong to attend a family wedding despite the fact that he had a fever. Epidemiologists determined that Mr. Jianlun passed on the SARS virus to other guests at the Metropole Hotel where he stayed—including an American businessman en route to Hanoi, Vietnam by the name of Jonny Chen (SARS, 2012). Mr. Chen grew ill in a Vietnam Hospital. Dr. Carlo Urbani, who was a member of the World Health Organization, contracted the SARS virus after caring for Mr. Chen. Dr. Urbani was the first to formally identify SARS as a unique disease. Unfortunately, both Mr. Chen and Dr...
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...CLASS PROJECT GM 520: BUSINESS REGULATIONS: SARBANES-OXLEY August 14, 2006 Need a Sarbanes Oxley Compliance Plan? The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, sponsored by US Senator Paul Sarbanes and US Representative Michael Oxley, represents the biggest change to federal securities laws in decades. Effective in 2006, all publicly-traded companies are required to submit an annual report of the effectiveness of their internal accounting controls to the SEC. It came as a result of the large corporate financial scandals involving Enron, WorldCom, Global Crossing and Arthur Andersen. Provisions of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) detail criminal and civil penalties for noncompliance, certification of internal auditing, and increased financial disclosure. It affects public U.S. companies and non-U.S. companies with a U.S. presence. SOX is all about corporate governance and financial disclosure. High-profile business failures culminating in a media fixation on Enron called into question the effectiveness of business’ self-regulatory process as well as the effectiveness of the audit to uphold public trust in capital markets. Legislation to address shortcomings in financial reporting was slowly progressing in Congress. The sudden collapse of WorldCom guaranteed swift congressional action. President Bush signed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in to Law on July 22, 2002. The most significant legislation affecting the accounting profession since 1933. Developing...
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...The SARS virus outbreak occurred back in 2002-2003. SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is a virus of the family coronaviridae. Coronaviridae is given the name because of the crown like projections of the peplomers as shown below in the following illustration 1.1. As shown below, the peplomers surround the virus all the way around just like a crown does from the top. When SARS first broke out in 2002, it was a newly discovered virus of the coronaviridae never before seen or heard of. The SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) is what it was named. Previous known human coronaviruses are known to be the cause of common colds and other upper respiratory tract infections (just mild diseases) [2]. SARS-CoV is different due to the fact that...
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...The SARS Epidemic in 2003 Relevant Economics Variables in China SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) was a new infectious disease which was first recognized in late February 2003 and has put the world on alert. This is a respiratory disease in humans which is caused by the SARS corona virus. The virus appears to be highly contagious and fatal. World Health Organization reported that the SARS between November 2002 and July 2003 cause 8,096 known infected cases and 774 deaths (a mortality rate of 9.6%) worldwide on April 21, 2004. Many countries have successfully contained the SARS outbreaks and local transmission, but the SARS still had a great influence in economy of these countries. The purpose of this assignment is to provide an assessment of the China economic impacts during the SARS Epidemic in 2003. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Actually, the SARS Epidemic in 2003 did not have great influence on China’s GDP. China's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2003 hit 11.694 trillion Yuan (US$1.414 trillion), up 9.1 per cent over the previous year. The National Bureau of Statistics said that in terms of different quarters in 2003, GDP in the first quarter was up 9.9 percent, the second 6.7 percent, the third 9.6 percent and the fourth 9.9 percent respectively and the per capita GDP reached a record US$1,090. As you can see, during the SARS time the GDP just dropped a bit. A group of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences economic experts delivered an analysis on China‘s...
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