...The problem with my client is that he is dealing with a lot of chronic grief. Yes, he is dealing with mild depression as well, but mostly I feel that grief plays huge role in his life right now. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders 2013, Consider that in grief the predominant affect is feelings of emptiness and loss, while in Major Depressive Disorder (MDE) it is persistent depressed mood and the inability to anticipate happiness or pleasure. The dysphoria in grief is likely to decrease in intensity over days to weeks and occurs in waves, the so-called pangs of grief. These waves tend to be associated with thoughts or reminders of the deceased. The depressed mood of MDE is more persistent and not tied to specific thoughts of preoccupations. The pain of grief may be accompanied by positive emotions and humor that are uncharacteristic of the pervasive unhappiness and misery characteristics of MDE (p. 161). During my sessions with my client we are now addressing his grief that is associated with the loss of his grandmother, mother, loneliness and hopelessness. I have set goals for my client to make sure that he doesn’t wake up every day feeling lonely and hopelessness and ways to make sure that he has forgiven himself for his life choices and not being able to attend both funerals of his grandmother and mother. The goals I have set him do play a part in the micro, mezzo, and macro level. In the micro level I am helping him get over his grief and...
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...The patient is a 23 year old female who presented to the ED with a possible overdose on 5 to 6 25mg pills of Phenergan. The patient reports that she took the medication because she felt very nauseated. The patient denies suicidal ideations, homicidal ideations, and symptoms of psychosis to nursing staff. The patient denies dizziness, HA, CP, SHOB, ABD Pain, N/V/D, or Fever. Patient denies distress. During the time of the assessment , the patient was awake and alert. The patient reports that her relationship with her boyfriend was ended, and that she had been dating him for only for 3 weeks. The patient state, "The break up had no influence on my behavior." The patient reports that she felt really sick or nauseated from her menstrual cycle. The patient denies suicidal thoughts, homicidal thoughts, and symptoms of psychosis during the assessment. The patient reports she was stressed earlier because when her relationship ended, she thought there where no issues with her boyfriend before the relationship ended. The patient reports history of cutting behaviors, which her last time practicing these behaviors were earlier after relationship ended. The patient reports that it is a method she has use for a stress relief. The patient reports that she has practice these behaviors on and off since she was released from inpatient treatment in 2013. The patient had new and old lacerations marks to her abdomen and left forearm. The patient does appear guarded at times during the assessment...
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...This essay will focus on paranoid schizophrenia as a mental disorder and its various causes that include social withdrawal; cognitive dysfunction, genetics, psychological and biological considerations. It will briefly analyse the stress vulnerability model and the criteria for schizophrenic diagnosis used primarily to test the symptom of schizophrenia by physicians. During the demonstration of this topic the epidemiology, prevalence and prognosis will be discussed as well as the concepts of recovery and prevention. In addition, this essay will examine communication and professionalism together with the treatment and intervention process. The essay will discussed the use of drugs in treating or managing the condition and the effects upon the...
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...The purpose of this essay is to discuss, within a case study context, the impact of severe mental health problems on a client whose care I have been involved in and, to discuss how the condition has affected the person, their informal carers, family and supporters. This essay will aim to provide an explanation of severe mental illness as well as an overview of the chosen client’s background, diagnosis and the impact this has had on them and those involved in their care. To protect the identity of the client and to respect the principle of confidentiality, a pseudonym has been used throughout this essay (NMC, 2008). The reason for choosing John for my case study is that having worked with him for approximately 2 years now, I feel I have already developed a therapeutic relationship with him. Having this Therapeutic relationship means there is an ongoing rapport resulting in John feeling at ease in disclosing personal information.. There is no universal understanding of what a severe mental health illness is it tends to be seen differently by the person experiencing it, their family and doctors. The term can refer to an illness where psychosis occurs, e.g. Schizophrenia; it also includes mood disorders, e.g. manic depression, schizoaffective disorder and clinical depression, and often referred to severe mental illness Psychosis describes the loss of reality a person experiences. (Rethink, 2009). This case study is based around a 24-year-old man who shall be referred to as John...
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...Schizophrenia is defined as a psychotic disorder which influences the way people behave, think and act. An individual experiencing this disorder possesses feelings and thoughts that do not work together ordinarily. It is “an abnormal disintegration of mental functions” (Gleitman, Gross & Reisberg, 2011). One important point in the development and success of the treatment of schizophrenia is discovering the sole cause of the disorder. The diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia aims to solve this issue. This psychological theory “states that what is genetically inherited is a diathesis, or predisposition, to schizophrenia, but that this predisposition must be combined with environmental stress for the disorder actually to develop” (Bootzin &...
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...* Case Studies Research Papers Analyzing Psychological Disorders Analyzing Psychological Disorders Brandie L. Coleman University of Phoenix August 29, 2010 INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disease that affects the neural basis of the brain. Discussion of the symptoms, the causes and drug therapies for schizophrenic patients will be discussed and covered. Schizophrenia is a mental illness that is yet completely understood. The areas of the brain affected in schizophrenia can not be named by one specific region of the brain. There are a number of regions of the brain that are affected by schizophrenia. Changes reported in the parahippocampal gurus may arise from abnormal neuronal development during formation of the cortex. Additionally, changes have been implicated in the basal region of the temporal lobe, the cerebellum and the mesolimbic system. There are also several regions of the brain that show altered level of function is schizophrenic patients. FMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) studies Is this essay helpful? Join OPPapers to read more and access more than 470,000 just like it! get better grades show reduced blood flow to the frontal cortex, dorsolateral pre prefrontal cortex and par limbic region, and increased blood flow to the anterior prefrontal cortex. The hippocampus shows higher than normal resting blood flow, but no increase in blood flow during cognitive tasks. The temporal, parietal and parahippocampal cortices are involved...
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...Health Condition and Diagnosis Schizophrenia is a widely recognized chronic and severe psychiatric disorder which according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, 2009) guidelines, affects one per-cent of the UK population. Schizophrenia can be classified as an overall category for the mental illness; however, diagnostic tools such as the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) reveal the variations of the psychiatric disorder. This essay will explore and focus on one specific subtype of the mental illness. Paranoid Schizophrenia. According to T.Davies and T.Craig (2009, p45), Paranoid Schizophrenia is one of the most common subtypes of the psychotic illness which affects the individuals variation of emotion, thinking and behaviour. Through extensive research, this essay will uncover the definition of paranoid schizophrenia, its manifestations and possible causes. Key issues such as symptoms, epidemiology, prevalence, co-morbidity, prognosis, treatment and interventions will also be critically reviewed and discussed. Lastly, this essay will also analyse guidelines, policies and regulations that influence interventions and the effects of paranoid schizophrenia on the individual, their families, carers and friends. There are various subtypes of schizophrenia such as undifferentiated, residual, simple, other and unspecified schizophrenia with the three most common being Paranoid...
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...* * Schizophrenia is a brain disease that 1 in 100 people are diagnosed with, and is much more common than we think. This disease affects the way people perceive the outside world and emotions. Symptoms of this disease are seeing or believing certain things exist that really does not. People who are schizophrenic believe people are out to harm them and they are always in danger or even in some cases, being watched. This disease usually starts in early teens to adult hood, and it has been shown that the earlier signs begin the more serious the disease will be. Statistics also have shown that this disease is more prevalent in men rather then women. Although this is a very severe brain disease there is treatment and therapies to help these people live somewhat normal lives. * Studies have shown that black men are four to five times more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia more than any other group. There is no links or genetics that tie this disease to another, so it has brought up many controversial issues in why exactly are black men diagnosed with this disease than any other race or sex. In the 1920’s this disease affected mostly the white race. The thought of this disease was not a scary one, and didn’t make people feel like the needed to fear this, that it can be fixed or “nurtured.” As time went on, in the sixties and seventies, advertisements with scary black men that said “Assaultive or belligerent?” and there, it became a black disease, which then...
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...vs Schizophrenia: Any Relation? Tracey A Spear Florida Institute of Technology Author Note Tracey Spear, Department of Psychology, Florida Institute of Technology. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Tracey Spear, Department of Psychology, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd. Melbourne, FL 32901, Email: tracerspear82@gmail.com Abstract Many years ago, many individuals who claimed to have spoken to “God” or seen angels and were coerced to commit certain harmful or illegal acts were considered to be possessed by demons or the devil. This was a problem that created a lot of panic within people to follow their religions and to pray that their spirit would not be consumed by the devil. Religion in most part viewed this as a spiritual aspect where in actual fact, this was a neurologic problem within these individuals. Schizophrenia has also been said to be a hereditary disease and many psychiatrists have to dig deeper into the patient’s family history for any correlation within the family. There are many aspects to take into consideration when dealing with someone who is suffering with delusions and a mixture of religious influence as it can create a lot of controversy. Many will argue this, but medical science throughout history has been solving these types of mysteries surrounding schizophrenia and their relation to exorcisms. Keywords: schizophrenia, exorcism, hallucinations, demons, religion. Exorcism vs Schizophrenia: Any...
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...Lukasz Giza Essay discussing causes of disorders for three selected case studies The case of Bess Obsessive compulsive disorder commonly referred to as OCD is an anxiety disorder; people who suffer from OCD act compulsively and have obsessive thoughts. The fear of contamination is most common type of OCD; it leads to compulsive cleaning rituals as fear of germs, or dirt is a frightening thought for OCD sufferers. OCD could be explained biologically and psychologically. Genes could be a factor that could expose one to OCD. It is thought of that OCD could be passed on genetically. Family studies are good source supporting this theory; the siblings, parents or children of OCD sufferer have 50% genes similar to the OCD sufferer. The risk of getting OCD is between 2-3%, if the percentage is bigger than 2-3% within the family members it is the suggested as an evidence for genetic influences. Close family members have 10-15% risk of developing OCD which stands as a strong evidence. Another study has concentrated on the twins both identical and fraternal. The twins that were studied where selected based on if one had definitely OCD and they looked if the other twin had it too. The results showed that the second twin had 53-87% risk of developing OCD. With the fraternal twins the risk was smaller at 23-43%. To fully understand OCD psychological factors that could trigger OCD need to be taken into consideration too. Regression to an anal stage is an example of psychodynamic explanation...
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...used illicit drug worldwide despite evidence suggesting a number of harmful effects (Caspi, 2005). It has attracted copious amounts of media attention regarding the possible long-term effects of smoking cannabis, as it has been suggested it can mediate a number of mental health issues, ranging from psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations (visual and auditory) and to the chronic clinical disorder, Schizophrenia. There has been great discrepancy about the harmful effects of cannabis use, reflected in the constant debate about whether it should be classified as a class B or class C in the 1971 Misuse of Drugs Act (Mcleod, 2010) whereas some even believe it should be legalized. Legalizing cannabis has caused uproar within in social and even scientific settings because some believe its use provokes Schizophrenia, however, there a large number of users who never develop this psychotic illness. Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness characterised by delusions (loss of contact with reality) and hallucinations (visual and auditory) i.e. perceiving stimuli which aren’t present. Schizophrenia has a global prevalence of 1.5%, although, it is unclear what percentage of this is caused by cannabis use. It is huge financial public health issue in both human and material aspects (Murray, 2003) and although it has been reported for many years, ts aetiology is still poorly understood This article aims to evaluate recent evidence concerning this issue to establish whether it should be classified...
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...and contrast psychological and biological explanations of schizophrenia. Jessica F Smith University Of Sussex Schizophrenia has been termed a heterogeneous group of disorders with varied etiologies (Walker, Kestler, Bollini, & Hochman, 2004) which includes biological, social, cognitive and psychodynamic perspectives. To progress knowledge of schizophrenia, this essay focuses on how the biological and psychological explanations are independent and interdependent and how they may differentiate from one another. This includes: how our biological predisposition, neuro transmitter dysfunction and genetic inheritance, affects how people with schizophrenia respond to social environments, the importance of socio-economic factors and their ability to shape psychotic symptoms, and how people with schizophrenia have faulty cognitions, which arguably develop from social influence and upbringing. The overruling theory, that is important in explanations of schizophrenia, is known as the Diathesis Stress Model (Davey, 2011), which identifies that psychotic symptoms arise from a combination of both biological predisposition and environmental stress. Servan-Schreiber, Bruno, Carter, & Cohen, (1998) alleviate that dopamine is an important neurotransmitter with a function in regulating movement and guiding attention. The dopamine hypothesis suggests that the dysfunction of movement and attention in those with schizophrenia may be a result of excess dopamine due to an increase of...
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...Assessment Task 2: Case Study Analysis. Scott Maxwell Miller Student ID: 12219053 Central Queensland University NURS20157: Mental Health Nursing Assessment and Formulation. Word Count: 2735. Submitted: 29/02/2024 Note: I have written this essay prior to changes made to the case study and task description. I have done my best to adjust and edit my essay to suit the new criteria. Section 1: Case Study in Brief. Juho is a 45 year old male living with paranoid schizophrenia. He was born in Finland but moved to Australia as a child, and speaks both English and Finnish. He was stable on a fortnightly Risperdal Consta depot injection but continues to experience distressing auditory hallucinations. Juho currently struggles with self-care,...
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...BIO483 Exam #4 Review Comprehensive and/or early Weeks Know all conditions that cause splenomegaly All associated diseases with EBV Week 1 Mechanisms of Cellular Adaptation Types of necrosis and pathology where most likely found. Apply the definitions of Atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, hypoplasia, dysplasia, and metaplasia. Week 2 Pain Throughout Organ Systems General anatomy of kidneys, appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, male and female reproductive organs. Costochondritis vs Angina Pectoris vs Myocardial Infarctions. Rheumatoid arthritis Gout lab findings Week 3 Fluid Balance and Edema Electrolyte imbalances of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Intra and Extra cellular concentrations of sodium and potassium as related to osmotic balance. Know the physical signs/symptoms of electrolyte imbalances including hyper and hypo natremia, kalemia, and calcemia. SIADH lab and imaging findings Diabetes insipidus lab and imaging findings Week 4 Topic 4 Acidosis and Alkalosis Know your acid-bases! Week 5 Topic 5 Cardiovascular Causes of Fatigue Cor-pulmonale, cardiomyopathies Week 6 Topic 6 Thyroid, Adrenal, Liver Fatigue Hashimoto’s thyroiditis vs. DeQuervain vs. nodular goiter vs. secondary hypothyroidism Cirrhosis, Addison disease lab tests and hormone responsible. Is it high or low? Week 7 Topic 7 Bleeding as Indicator of Disease Pathophysiology of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Pathophysiology of Hemophilia Ulcers ...
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