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Sci/245 Comparison Worksheet

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Comparison Worksheet

Use the following table to compare extrusive and intrusive rocks. Describe and compare each type in at least 150 words.

Extrusive Rock Intrusive Rock
Extrusive rock refers to igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out to the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastic. This is different from intrusive rock formation, in which magma does not reach the surface. The main effect of extrusion is that the magma can cool much more quickly in the open air or under seawater, and there is less time for the growth of crystals. Often, some of the lava fails to crystallize at all, becoming an interstitial natural glass or obsidian. If the magma contains abundant volatile components which are released as free gas, then it may cool with large or small vesicles (bubble-shaped cavities) like those found in pumice or scoria. These rocks form many kilometers below the Earth’s surface, as molten rock called magma flows into cracks or underground chambers. There, the magma cools very slowly over thousands to millions of years. As it cools, elements combine to form common silicate minerals, the building blocks of igneous rocks; the mineral crystals can grow quite large if space allows. Rocks that form in this way are called intrusive igneous or plutonic rocks. The mineral crystals within them are large enough to see without a microscope. There are many different types of intrusive igneous rocks but granite is the most common type.

Use the following table to compare faults and folds. Describe and compare each feature in at least 150 words.

Faults Folds
Faults are areas in which rocks have fractured and been displaced. There are three major types of faults: strike-slip, normal, and reverse. The tectonic stresses caused by plate motions

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