...Scoliosis is a disorder that has plagued a large portion of the human population for the greater part of human history. Many have wondered how this haunting disease can come about, what can be done to prevent its onset and what can be done to cure it. This paper will examine believed causes of scoliosis and their types. It will explore the various types of scoliosis and their causes. Lastly, it will analyze methods of diagnosis and treatment, along with general recovery time. Scoliosis is a disease of the spine that is recognized as a 10 degrees of greater side to side curvature of the spinal cord. (E) Doctors all around the world have not yet found a medication to treat scoliosis, nor have they found a way the onset of the disease can be...
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...Scoliosis is being diagnosed to more than three million patients per year in the United States. Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine. Whoever suffers from scoliosis has their backbone curve to the side. The angle of the curve may be small, large or somewhere in between. It can form a “c” or a “s” into someone's back. The curve that forms a “c” or a “s” may not directly look at the spine but one way is to notice the way someone is standing. The way someone is standing is very important because it will let you know whether they have scoliosis. There are three different type of scoliosis. The first one is called nonstructural scoliosis which is when your spine works normally but looks curved. This happens because such one legs being...
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...Rett Syndrome Joseph Lee 4th Period Rett Syndrome is a disorder which affects the nervous system and is found almost exclusively in girls. One in 10,000-20,000 newborn babies are born with Rett Syndrome, making this disorder very rare. Rett Syndrome is often described as autism, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s, epilepsy, and various anxiety disorders wrapped into one. In this paper, I will discuss what exactly Rett Syndrome is, who discovered it, how he discovered it, what its causes are, what the symptoms are, the disorder’s course, and possible treatments for the disorder. Said Dr. Rett at a conference regarding the disorder which bears his name: These three words summarize best our task: To live, to love, and to learn. We are aware of the fact that many mysteries of this syndrome still remain undisclosed, and therefore, for the time being, we have no option but to live with it. However, the children with their very special ways give us enough impulse to share their lives. It is a further mystery of this syndrome that the affected children render it easy for us to love them. A dominating factor in the care of such children is that they understand us and we understand them. Their appearance and the sparkle in their eyes make it easy to love them. Daily care for them and working with them gives us grownups strength, enabling us to learn the special treatment required, thus furthering our own development. To...
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...Ehlers Danlos Syndrome Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare genetic inherited syndrome. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome affects the connective tissues, which provide support to the skin, bones, blood vessels, and other organs of the body. There are six types of EDS hyper mobility, classical, vascular, kyphoscoliosis, arthrochalasia, and dermatosparaxis. Some types are so severe that people can’t participate in any sport activities or any physical activity. The two major types of EDS are Classical EDS and Hyper mobile EDS. These two types make up 90% of all EDS cases. Eduard Ehlers, a Danish physician, and Henri-Alexandre Danlos, a French physician, first described EDS. I chose Ehlers Danlos syndrome because I have it and wanted to learn a little bit more about it. I also wanted to see if there are any nutritional things I can do to improve my condition. I was diagnosed with EDS when I was 15. I kept dislocating my shoulder and was in a lot of pain, so I went and got an MRI. It turned out I didn’t have a tear, the doctor sent me to get tests done to see if I had EDS. I went through the physical tests and blood samples and found out I had Hyper mobility EDS. The symptoms of hyper mobility EDS are: chronic dislocations, easily bruised, stretchy skin, joint pain. Another symptom of this type of EDS is subject to frequent injury, week bones and chronic fractures. After hearing all of this it made sense since I have all of those symptoms. Ehlers Danlos Syndrome is a new disease that...
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...So, it raises the question of whether naturopathic doctors and medical doctors have the same obligations. Should they have the same obligations? Should their fundamentals and principles be the same? The purpose of this paper is to determine if naturopathic doctors should be bound to the same ethics as medical doctors and to what extent through the principles of autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. I believe that naturopaths should behave in a way that corresponds with medical ethics in the general sense, but the extent to which and the way to which will be...
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...Leopard Syndrome The disease discussed in this paper is characterized by an acronym of associated symptoms that are experienced by diagnosed patients. Leopard Syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease that is caused by a missense mutation in the PTTPN11 gene, which encodes for a key protein involved in the RAS/MAPK pathway for cells when they mature, proliferate, or even apoptose; this pathway is essential for these cellular actions. If interfered with, an array of symptoms, including lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction defects, abnormal genitalia, pulmonary stenosis, abnormal genitalia, growth retardation, and deafness, may be observed. Although Leopard Syndrome is a rare disease that is not commonly found in everyday life, more...
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...Persuasive Research Paper Is Cloning Unethical in Today’s Society? "Public hostility to human reproductive cloning may be based on an illogical and transient fear of a new technology." BioNews quoting the British Medical Association The 20th Century saw the most remarkable advancements in the field of science, with the likes of Albert Einstein and Louis Pasteur bestowing mankind with their extraordinary discoveries and inventions. But the concept of cloning, even though very contemporary, has left the world more surprised than it ever was. Cloning is a recent breakthrough in medical science, which has completely revolutionalized the whole concept of biotechnology. The story starts when a group of British scientists cloned Dolly (the most famous sheep in the history of the world), in 1997. In so doing those scientists set off a spark as well, one that has traveled around the globe setting off fierce debates about the possibilities and pitfalls inherent in this brave new world, a world where it is now suddenly and surprisingly possible for scientists to create exact genetic copies of large mammals -- perhaps including, someday, humans. The Adverse Affects of Human Cloning Cloning like any other field of knowledge has its pros and cons. It is basically a man's perpetual ambition to gain power to rule the world and its creatures; be they men or animals. With the cloning technology there is a fear of beginning of this mad race. Therefore, knowledge gained for useful purpose...
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...experience some sort of stress in their everyday lives, whether in the form of eustress or distress. The stressors that people try to grapple with can have various affects on physiological, emotional, and cognitive health. Daily hassles have a more significant impact on health than high stress situations. In this paper, I will discuss the most common stressors I encountered over the course of two weeks, my physiological, emotional, and cognitive reactions, and coping strategies I used and could implement in the future. Physiological Stress Themes: Focusing on my physiological reactions during this 14-day period, I realized that I struggled with severe tension headaches due to the numerous stressors I faced on a daily basis. I felt this dull pain on all sides of my head, neck, and shoulders; these headaches would last almost the entire day usually unless I took ibuprofen, which would only help mildly....
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...Comfort: Concept Analysis Concept analysis deals with the careful job of guiding clearness to the meaning of concepts used in science, according to McEwen, M., & Wills, E. (2010) in Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice. This paper will analyze the concept of comfort which comes from Katarine Kolcaba’s Comfort theory. Comfort is the state that is experienced automatically by receivers of comfort interventions. It involves the holistic experience of being strengthened through having comfort needs addressed as defined by McEwen and Wills (2010). Comfort is a key concept and central value of nursing. As stated by Tutton, E., & Seers, K. (2003), An exploration of the concept of comfort, comfort is defined as a state, linked to outcomes such as ease, well-being and satisfaction. The steps used to perform this concept analysis on comfort come from the Walker and Avant’s steps of concept analysis. These steps are as follows: 1) select a concept; 2) determine the purposes of the analysis; 3) identify all uses of the concept; 4) define attributes; 5) identify a model case of the concept; 6) identify consequences of the concept; and 7) define empirical references of the concept (Walker & Avant, 2010). Each one of these steps will be discussed throughout this paper along with providing why comfort is necessary to providing comfort in different ways. Purpose of Concept Analysis Comfort is a meaningful need during a person’s life span that should be seen as an essential part of holistic...
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...Anatomy and Physiology 2, SCI 136 Research project # 40904000 Muscular Dystrophy Definition Muscular dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of more than 30 genetic diseases that cause progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles used during voluntary movement. The word dystrophy is derived from the Greek dys, which means "difficult" or "faulty," and troph, or "nourish." These disorders vary in age of onset, severity, and pattern of affected muscles. All forms of MD grow worse as muscles progressively degenerate and weaken. Many patients eventually lose the ability to walk (“National Institute,” 2011). Some types of MD also affect the heart, gastrointestinal system, endocrine glands, spine, eyes, brain, and other organs. Respiratory and cardiac diseases may occur, and some patients may develop a swallowing disorder. MD is not contagious and cannot be brought on by injury or activity (“National Institute,” 2011). Method(s) of diagnosis Muscular dystrophies are diagnosed through both the patient’s medical history and a complete family history to determine if the muscle disease is secondary to a disease affecting other tissues or organs or is an inherited condition. It is also important to rule out any muscle weakness resulting from prior surgery, exposure to toxins, current medications that may affect the patient's functional status, and any acquired muscle diseases. Thorough clinical and neurological exams can rule out disorders of the central and/or...
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...SPINE Volume 25, Number 22, pp 2940 –2953 ©2000, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. The Oswestry Disability Index Jeremy C. T. Fairbank, MD, FRCS,* and Paul B. Pynsent, PhD† tried. The questionnaire had been published in 198038 and widely disseminated from the 1981 meeting of the International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine (ISSLS) in Paris. The objects of this article are: To present the various versions of the ODI instrument for comparison ● To review the various efforts that have been made to validate this questionnaire ● To compare the scores obtained in studies of different patient population both before and after treatment ● To review the methodology of outcome measurement ● To consider what is actually measured by this and similar instruments ● Study Design. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) has become one of the principal condition-specific outcome measures used in the management of spinal disorders. This review is based on publications using the ODI identified from the authors’ personal databases, the Science Citation Index, and hand searches of Spine and current textbooks of spinal disorders. Objectives. To review the versions of this instrument, document methods by which it has been validated, collate data from scores found in normal and back pain populations, provide curves for power calculations in studies using the ODI, and maintain the ODI as a gold standard outcome measure. Summary of Background Data. It has now been 20 years since its original...
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...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Starbucks Reward Program has found a new way to connect with other customers such as creating an internet site where they can gather information about their rewards and points. Therefore; we will conduct more research about the rewards program that they have, and what will be the good benefits of it for their customers. We will show the kinds of rewards they have and its backgrounds. Thus, this can be a preference for the other Starbucks Patronisers if they still don’t know what other reward programs they can have and what will be the advantages and disadvantages of it. However, these rewards have some misfires that you will know. This study will only occur from August to October 2014. We will only gather first information from the questionnaires and interviews that we will conduct to provide the most accurate information and to prevent false information. Background of the Study Starbucks Reward Program encourages their customers to buy their products because of rewards. Reward programs of Starbucks were created to test the loyalty of their customers. There have been changes about their rewards to test the loyalty of the few. Starbucks Rewards Program also has the capability of giving their customers satisfaction by giving them back the gratitude for buying their products. The purpose of the study is to identify the credibility of the reward program of Starbucks Coffee. Rewards Program of Starbucks also allows customers to access or to track their...
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...[pic] ICAK-USA Research The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers of the International College of Applied Kinesiology for the year 2005-2006 -- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C. Functional Systems Approach to Central Nervous System Evaluation Richard Belli, D.C., D.A.C.N.B. ABSTRACT Objective: This study investigates the clinical utility of testing functional systems within the central nervous system, compared to testing individual motor nerves with manual muscle testing. Design: Private practice. Study Subjects: Patients were examined by the treating chiropractor from his existing patient pool. Methods: Chiropractic management was decided on by the treating chiropractor. A series of twelve tests were designed to discover disorders of functional systems within the CNS. The tests described were to evaluate the function of 12 systems: 1) spinal cord, 2) myelencephalon/reticular formation, 3) vagal system, 4) trigeminal motor system-muscles of mastication, 5) vestibulospinal system, and bulbo reticular area, 6) reticular formation, 7) diencephalons and gait locomotion system, 8) mesencephalon, 9) cardiac sympathetic autonomic system, 10) pyramidal system, 11) limbic system, 12) sensory system. Results: This chiropractic approach tests the nervous system after provocation of functional systems...
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...Market Overview 1.1. Company Market 1.2. Competition 1.3. Robotic Surgery Systems Industry 1.4. Regulation 1.5. SWOT 4. Financial Analysis 1.1.1. Financial Statements Summary 1.1.2. Revenue 1.1.3. Operating Expenses 1.1.4. Balance Sheet 1.1.5. Finance Expenses 1.1.7. Cash 5. Enterprise Value 1.1.5. Methodology 1.1.6. General Valuation Assumptions 1.1.7. WAAC 1.1.8. Evaluation Chart 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 Net 12 13 13 13 14 DCF 14 2 1. Executive Summary We have been engaged to estimate the fair market value of the business enterprise known as Mazor Robotics, Ltd. (below “Business Enterprise”) as of September 30, 2014 for the purpose of learning and exploring the valuation of the subject as a part of the semester paper. This estimate of value analysis is based on the use of fair market value as the standard of value. For the point at the matter of this analysis, fair market value is defined as the expected price at which the business would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller1, based on its future evaluation income, neither being under a constraint to close the deal and both having full conversance of all the relevant facts. This is nearly similar to the market value basis definition as it is stated under the International Valuation Standards2. The report was conducted under the basis of value in on-going activity as a going concern business company. We have based our analysis on the business financial statements, which were available...
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...NCLEX-RN® DETAILED TEST PLAN 2010 NCLEX-RN Detailed Test Plan ® Effective | April 2010 Item Writer/Item Reviewer/Nurse Educator Version Mission Statement The National Council of State Boards of Nursing, composed of member boards, provides leadership to advance regulatory excellence for public protection. Purpose and Functions The purpose of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN ) is to provide an organization through which boards of nursing act and counsel together on matters of common interest and concern affecting the public health, safety and welfare, including the development of licensing examinations in nursing. ® The major functions of NCSBN include developing the NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN examinations, performing policy analysis and promoting uniformity in relationship to the regulation of nursing practice, disseminating data related to NCSBN’s purpose and serving as a forum for information exchange for NCSBN members. ® ® Copyright© 2010 National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. (NCSBN) All rights reserved. NCSBN , NCLEX , NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN are registered trademarks of NCSBN and this document may not be used, reproduced or disseminated to any third party without written permission from NCSBN. ® ® ® ® Permission is granted to boards of nursing to use or reproduce all or parts of this document for licensure related purposes only. Nonprofit education programs have permission to use or reproduce all or parts of this document...
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