Chapter 10

Molecular Biology of the Gene

PowerPoint Lectures for

Biology: Concepts & Connections, Sixth Edition
Campbell, Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

You will be able to
1. Compare and contrast the structures of DNA and RNA 2. Describe how DNA replicates 3. Explain how a protein is produced 4. Distinguish between the functions of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in translation 5. Determine DNA, RNA, and protein sequences when given any complementary sequence
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

You will be able to
6. Distinguish between exons and introns and describe the steps in RNA processing that lead to a mature mRNA Explain the relationship between DNA genotype and the action of proteins in influencing phenotype Distinguish between the effects of base substitution and insertion or deletion mutations

7.

8.

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

You will be able to
9. Distinguish between lytic and lysogenic viral reproductive cycles and describe how RNA viruses are duplicated within a host cell

10. Explain how an emerging virus can become a threat to human health 11. Identify three methods of transfer for bacterial genes 12. Distinguish between viroids and prions 13. Describe the effects of transferring plasmids from donor to recipient cells
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

Transcription

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

10.10 Eukaryotic RNA is processed before leaving the nucleus
 Messenger RNA (mRNA) contains codons for protein sequences  Eukaryotic mRNA has interrupting sequences called introns, separating the coding regions called exons  Eukaryotic mRNA undergoes processing before leaving the nucleus
– Cap added to 5’ end: single guanine nucleotide – Tail added to 3’ end: Poly-A tail of 50–250 adenines – RNA splicing: removal of introns and joining