...Sea turtles are fascinating sea creatures that use the Earth’s magnetic field to migrate and navigate the Earth. Turtles breathe air and are classified as reptiles, they have been on Earth for millions of years. Sea turtles also classified as marine turtles have seven different sub-species they're known as Loggerhead, Olive Ridley, Flatback, Leatherback, Green turtle, Kemp’s Ridley and Flatback. Turtles live in practically every ocean all over the world, they don’t have a specific habitat where they're located. Turtles are born on beaches and make their way to the sea, they spend most of their lives at sea. The female turtles after mating at sea return to the same beach they were born on to lay her eggs. Female turtles can mate in maturity...
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...Sea turtles Introduction: Sea turtles have been around for a very long time and are one of the earth's most ancient creatures since the time of dinosaurs which goes back to many millions of years. In general, the estimate for the lifespan of sea turtles is 70-80 years. There are seven species of sea turtles in two families. The family Cheloniidae includes six hard shell turtles: flatback sea turtle (Natator depressus), green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricate), Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii), loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) and olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). The seventh species of leathery skin turtle, leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) belongs to the...
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...Snorkeling with Sea Turtles Sea Turtles, over 100 million years swimming in their oceans. Even predating many dinosaurs. “The turtle is an important symbol in the mythologies of many indigenous cultures, usually representing creation, longevity and wisdom in these belief systems. Turtles are thus truly ancient beings-both in geological and mythological terms. As integral parts of the marine ecosystems, turtles are also useful indicators of the vitality of the overall marine environment (Travel-Hawaii .com 2017).” The spectacular Green Turtle inhabits the warm salt waters off the coast of Oahu, and allowed me to visit their home reef. This majestic sea creature’s life span is relatively unknown. Sea turtles reach a peak maturity age...
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...Traditionally, humans and green sea turtles were not made to interact with each other. Both live in extremely different environments and they are not traditionally supposed to hunt each other for prey. However, humans have upset the natural balance and caused the two vastly different species to interact. Human influence has created a drastic impact on the population of Green Sea Turtles, and have played the biggest role in the endangerment of these marine creatures. The turtles are often harvested for consumption across many continents such as Asia and South/Central America, where the decade long practises have significantly diminished the population. There are many alternatives to sea turtle meat, such as meat from animals not suffering extinction,...
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...Chelonia mydas, more familiarly known as green sea turtles, are a notably endangered species of turtles that are native to the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. They are one of the most sizable species of sea turtles, weighing approximately 150 to 400 pounds and measuring up to 47 inches in length. They are also the only primarily herbivorous species of sea turtle, consisting of seagrasses and algae in their diet, with the exception of juvenile green sea turtles eating jellyfish, crabs, and sponges. The unique species is named for the greenish color of their cartilage and fat, not their shells, despite many misconceptions. Instead of being named for the color of their shells, green sea turtles are named for the green color of their fat and...
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...English 1301, 9:05 MW P. Schmidt, HLN Paper# 3 Research Paper October 22, 2014 After the oil spill in Gulf of Mexico in 2010, a research by Douglas. B. Inkley shows that scientists are still assessing the effects of the estimated 170 million gallons of oil that flooded into the Gulf after the explosion of BP's Deepwater Horizon oil rig. The effects of oil spills can have wide ranging impacts that are often portrayed by the media as long lasting environmental disasters. Such perceptions are understandable as they are often fuelled by distressing images of oiled animals and other wildlife. More than 8,000 birds, sea turtles, and marine mammals were found injured or dead in the six months after the spill. In the months following the Gulf oil disaster, wildlife managers, rescue crews, scientists and researchers saw many immediate impacts of the oil impacting wildlife. Though oil is no longer readily visible on the surface, it isn’t gone. Scientists have found significant amounts on the Gulf floor, and the oil that has already washed into wetlands and beaches will likely persist for years. We likely will not see the full extent of impacts for many years, which makes creating and implementing successful restoration plans a serious challenge. Here is a list of some animals that were affected by the oil spill: * Sick Dolphins - As part of the official investigation into impacts of the Deepwater Horizon disaster, a team of scientists did comprehensive physicals on dolphins in...
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...Abstract The topic of this paper is Sea turtles endangered by Global warming. It argues that global warming have a bad effect on the environment and threatens some species in the world. In the specially, sea turtles which is the oldest species in live in the world so we need to find solutions to protect this specie. There are three reasons for this argument. The first is that we need to find solutions to decrease global warming. The second is that we need to decrease the pollution due to human. Finally, protect the sea turtle of human and predators. Sea Turtles threatened with extinction A lot of species are endangered because of global warming and more specifically the Sea turtle, which is the oldest species known in the world (Velaquez-Manoff 2007); it lived during the dinosaurs. Now the change of the climate threatens these species, and if we don’t do something in a hurry, this species will disappear. The increasing temperature (more than 2 degrees these last years) have an impact directly on the turtle’s eggs (Velaquez-Manoff 2007, Brahic 2007). The problem is that more females than males are born; that means the future will be difficult for reproduction. According to WWF (2007), it’s not only the future population which is in peril, because there is also habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease because of human and marine pollution, and natural predators. As Bhattacharya (2007) said, we need to do something and we can already...
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...My proposed topic for my research paper is Poaching in Africa and how technology is helping stop and track the animals. Poaching has been around for as long as anyone can remember and has only grown worse. My argument for this paper is that if technology is used better and more efficiently, poaching can be to more of a minimum thus, minimizing the number of endangered animals. I decided to propose this topic because I feel that I can accurately research this topic and help myself and others learn. When we were first assigned this paper, I knew immediately that I wanted to do something involving animals preferably sea turtles. In the research workshop that we did in class, I searched Sea Turtles and Technology in the JSTOR database and realized that my search was entirely too broad as I gotten over 50,000 results. I narrowed it down to a specific type of turtle (a leatherback) and noticed that my search was now too narrow. I got a little frustrated and decided to wait and...
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...someone sees trash in the water do they ever wonder just how much trash is out there? Or how it is affecting marine life? You should. In 2013 Kyra Schilling, lead author of this study, was able to look at the sea floor at a depth of 365 meters, and continued to the depth of 4,000 meters. What they found was a lot of trash, one-third of the trash was plastic, of these objects half were plastic bags. Metal was the second common form of debris found, aluminum cans, steel, and tin cans were found. Other things were found as well that include rope, fishing equipment, glass bottles, paper, and cloth. Kyra made a good point, “We don’t usually think of our daily activities affecting life two miles deep in the...
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...CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY Study Site The study will be conducted in the Municipal marine water in Don Marcelino, Davao Del Sur. Don Marcelino is the 3rd class municipality in the province of Davao Del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2010 census, Don Marcelino has a population of 41,942 people in 6, 991 households. This municipality lies along latitude 6°15’5” North, and longitude 125°39’57” East and the original name is “lawa”. The fishing distance from the shoreline is estimated about 600- 800 m. Fishery Profile of Don Marcelino Davao del Sur Don Marcelino Davao del Sur has a fifteen barangays in a total land area of 40.73 (km2) according to the LGU. Out of fifteen barangays, ten are coastal barangays; Cali-an, Kinanga, Kiobog, Lanao, Lapuan, Lawa, Linadasan, North Lamidan, South Lamidan, and Talagutong. The total coastline of Don Marcelino is 46.8 km and has a total number of 8,980 fishermen in 1,821 fishing families. 15 15 Fig.1.1 Map of Don Marcelino Davao del Sur Construction of the Gear Troll line will be assembled with four rolls (#80) monocline nylon that will serve as the mainline. Mainline measures 20/25 meters in length. Branch lines will use (#40) monocline nylon. It will measure about 5 meters in length with hook at the end. Each line will have the specific hook sizes connected (#12-13, #14, #16, #18) and will be attached into the swivel. 16 16 COLOR BLUE/WHITE LURE LURE/BAIT COLOR BLUE/WHITE LURE LURE/BAIT Fig.1...
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...Bio 324 12/01/12 Plastics in the ocean Imagine the massive breadth and spread of our great state of Texas. Now imagine every milli-inch of that piled high with trash: bottle caps, cigarettes, cigarette lighters, tampon applicators, plastic nets, discarded flip flops, Frisbees, soda bottles, milk jugs, diapers, six-pack rings, busted tennis rackets, empty pens, shampoo bottles, empty squeeze bottles of jam, you name it. Now take that image, double it, and plunk into the water. That's what is floating around the eastern corner of a 10-million-square-mile oval known as the North Pacific subtropical gyre. Nicknamed the "Eastern Garbage Patch," this buoyant stew of toxic pollution-most of which is plastic-is only one of five such garbage heaps caught in the swirling high-pressure currents characteristic of gyres. The others reside in the South Pacific, the North and South Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean. And each year, perhaps unwittingly, each one of us adds to plastic to the heap. Plastic makes it into our oceans in a variety of ways. About twenty percent of it comes from goods lost from boats: i.e. accidental loss of fishing tackle and other recreational gear, massive shipping containers carrying millions of plastic items washed overboard during severe storms; litter from pleasure boats, or illegal dumping of unwanted goods. Beachgoer’s debris is also a contributor. The other eighty percent is swept in from land. Just as Nonpoint Source Pollution from fertilizers...
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...The biggest landfill on the earth: Great Pacific Garbage Patch Can you imagine the amount of trash approximately fourteen times bigger than whole Slovakia? No? Then it is about time to make you familiar with Great Pacific Garbage Patch. This large floating landfill is the biggest one in the world. According to Charles Moore, discoverer of Great Pacific Garbage Patch (in 1977), "The ocean is downhill from everything" (as cited in Blomberg, 2011). Considering the fact that high percentage of all trash is produced on the land, it is very surprising then the biggest junk yard is actually in the water and not on the land. Even though, recently many people and companies started to care more about amount of trash in oceans, there is a lack of information about Great Pacific Garbage Patch and related issues among large number of population. First of all, Great Pacific Garbage Patch consists of two parts, Western and Eastern Pacific Garbage Patch as mentioned in article written by Jacob Silverman (n.d.). Some sources refer to Eastern one as Great Pacific Garbage Patch and do not talk about the other one (Boudreau et al., n.d.), even though they do not deny the existence of Western Pacific Garbage Patch it can cause some misunderstanding with names. In this essay, there will be used distinction of Eastern and Western Pacific Garbage Patch as well as collective name Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Eastern one is situated between Hawaii and California, the Western...
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...Marine Mycology: An Overview of Pathogens, and Secondary Metabolites Introduction and History The golden age of marine mycology occurred from 1960-1990 with the research and discovery of most of the roughly 500 species of obligate marine fungi. Much of said research was conducted from 1980-2000; this 30 year period saw the report of nearly half of the marine fungal species currently known (Jones et al. 2009; Jones, 2011). That being said, marine fungi are vastly understudied and under rated in comparison to marine plants, animals, and other microorganisms; frequently they are omitted or only briefly referenced in marine biodiversity and ecology text books (Jones and Pang, 2012). The cladistics of marine fungi is currently in a state of flux, with new taxa being discovered as molecular techniques such as DNA and RNA analysis via polymerase chain reactions, and gel electrophoresis are implemented (Ald et al 2005). Even though fungus-like organisms such as oomycetes are not fungi, marine mycologists often study them as they perform similar functions, and until recently most had been classified as fungi based on their morphological similarities (Jones, 2011). These fungus-like organisms are eukaryotic, heterotrophic, zoospores, have chitin containing cell walls, and similar life cycles to fungi (Neuhauser et al. 2012). Conventionally terrestrial or freshwater species are also included in the marine fungal group as facultative species; this is due to their active ecological...
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...Biodiversity Paper Bio/280 What is it that we think of when the words conservation biology is spoken? The meaning of this relates to the study of nature through scientific research and data. This is a part of science that relates to the status of earths biodiversities and the protection of ecosystems, species, and habitats. With protection being a key word that relates to keeping species from extinction. A human interaction that is put in place to help solve issues that arise in a scientific value of species and nature. Biodiversity is the number of species in a certain region, habitat, ecosystem, that includes plant life also. The overall data of organisms that are still within our regional ecosystems. A species it a group organism that thrives and lives in an ecosystem. Threaten species is a group of organisms that is a step below endangered, a species that is close to endangered. Such as the polar bears, as the global warming issue has implemented reasons to believe as part of the cause of this species for being on the threatened list (Jaymi Heimbuch, 2011). Judges have passed a provision to keep these animals on this list to see if humans can reduce and turn around the global warming affect in the ecosystem that polar bears reside. Endangered species are ones that are on the brink of extinction. The marine sea turtles have been on endangered species list due to the years it takes many of the new born turtles to mature. Many die off in the first year of life...
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...The Effects of Plastic Bags on Environmentt * | * The effects of plastic bags on the environment are really quite devastating. While there are many objections to the banning of plastic bags based solely on their convenience, the damage to the environment needs to be controlled. * There is no way to strictly limit the effects of plastic bags on the environment because there is no disposal method that will really help eliminate the problem. While reusing them is the first step, most people either don't or can't based on store policies. They are not durable enough to stand up to numerous trips to the store so often the best that citizens can do is reuse them when following pooper scooper laws. * The biggest problem with this is that once they have been soiled the end up in the trash, which then ends up in the landfill or burned. Either solution is very poor for the environment. Burning emits toxic gases that harm the atmosphere and increase the level of VOCs in the air while landfills hold them indefinitely as part of the plastic waste problem throughout the globe. * Plastic Bag Litter * Even when citizens try to manage their plastic bag disposal wind plays a role in carrying them away as litter. This litter is not biodegradable and thus where it lands it tends to stay for long period of time. A bag that is eventually ripped to shreds from high winds or other factors doesn't disappear but instead is spread in smaller amounts throughout the area. This can cause...
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