Historically, artillery from the French word artillerie, would refer to any engine and or machine used for the discharge of colossal projectiles throughout war, served by a crew of men. The term collectively describes ground-based troops with the first perform of manning such weapons. Artillery is typically referred to and called The King of Battle. This term includes coastal artillery that historically defended coastal areas against mobile attack and controlled the passage of ships, exploitation their ability to deny access through the threat of coastal fireplace. It conjointly includes land-based artillery.

Throughout the history of seacoast defense has been a major component in every country, especially when all had harbors and trading docks to defend against …show more content…
If we take a look at the United States seacoast defense was a major component from its independence until World War ll, where the invention of the aircraft came into the picture. Before airplanes, the enemies of the United States could only reach the nation by sea, therefore making coastal forts an economical alternative to standing armies or a large navy where the cost of equipment for all these components would have been disastrous. Although coastal artillery was robust for a certain period it eventually became evident that fixed fortifications were obsolete and ineffective against aircraft and missiles. When Pearl Harbor was attacked by the Japanese the Coast Artillery showed and proved that despite the inclusion of the anti-aircraft mission, Coastal Artillery was ineffective against a mass air attack(para 7).The pre-war anti- aircraft planning had been very incompetent, and with so few weapons serviceable for that that cause the coast defense weapons had become very irrelevant. Coastal Artillery was mainly positioned to keep enemy ships out of a friendly harbor, but that was really all that could be accomplished. When the Japanese invaded the Philippines a little time after they had