...Hassan 1 Hussein Hassan Mr. Horn AP Seminar February 2 2015 The Perfect Human: The Flaws in Modern Eugenics With global technologies rapidly advancing, specifically those based in the field of genetics, one might wonder where humanity is headed in terms of their offspring. The answer? Modern eugenics. Francis Galton's eugenics, centered around forced sterilization and selective breeding to eliminate undesirable traits and foster the spread of more advantageous ones (Galton), is dead. However, the idea of focusing on one’s inherited genes to eliminate passed down diseases is alive and well, albeit in a more “modern” fashion. Is modern eugenics the right way of the future for humanity? To what extent should modern eugenics be viable? Before ambitious genetic projects had begun, such as the Human Genome Project which mapped out the entirety of the human genome (Genome.gov), the only way to tamper with an individual’s genes was through their parents. Gregor Mendel earned the moniker “The Father of Genetics” because of his experiments involving the breeding of plants in the mid 19th century (Biography.com). However, modern eugenics focuses on the genes of child more than the parents through abortions and the genetic altering of the embryo to achieve the desired results. This can be achieved through a process called genetic screening, which observes an embryo’s chromosomes for any lapses or breaks (Galloway a). Embryo’s that show signs of a genetic disorders...
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...As human civilization has evolved over the centuries, the ways we produce our food has changed and grown right along beside it. There are many terms for describing this process such as food biotechnology or genetic engineering, but the most common one is genetically modified organisms or GMO. GMO can be used for other things besides crops, though this particular area is the one this paper will be focusing on. There have been many opinions and misconceptions about this subject but in reality it has been used in one form or another since humans began farming and will continue into the future, not only out of curiosity but of necessity. Humans began using the abilities of altering their food since nearly ten thousand years ago when we began to domesticate animals and kept plants...
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...Katrina Henes Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice Research Paper on Article 17 12/16/13 Police dogs have become a vital part of the police force. They are well trained, obedient dogs that, unlike humans, do not fear the daily challenges that are put upon them while on the job. Police units throughout the world use K-9 units. They are employed by many different police forces and by many different governmental agencies through out the world. Police dogs can search 400 to 500 packages in a half an hour. They can search a car every minute. When a dog searches a car the speed that a dog does it in saves time, when a human searcher could only do about one car every twenty minutes. Also, according to Canada Customs, in one year, 1993, the dogs searched 80,000 cars, 11 million packages and 6 million units of cargo. From this, they found 58,000 pounds of marijuana, 3,027 pounds of hashish, 18 pounds of cocaine, 29 pounds of heroin, 5 pounds of opium and 4.3 million dosage units of illegal prescription-type drugs. The combined value of all these drugs in 1993 was $192.5 million dollars. Throughout the years, dogs have been trained using natural scents as well as artificial scents; they continue to use this training by tracking people and substances in training drills and in real life situations, despite every on the job hazard. As man evolved, he began to use dogs to help hunt prey and search for food to be able to survive. However, as he became more civilized, he needed to...
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...Selective Breeding and Genetics Darwinism and the theory of natural selection had far reaching implications for society both culturally and scientifically. For the first time in history a theory was proposed that offered a plausible mechanism for evolution. This paper examines the science behind natural selection as well as the impact Darwin has had on modern evolutionary paradigms. Specifically it poses two questions: (1) How did Darwin formulate his ideas about natural selection and evolution? And (2) Is natural selection still fundamentally valid or have we moved into a new evolutionary paradigm. Pre Darwin. Every scientific field has an earlier paradigm as scientific cannons change through the process of time. Before the advent of Darwin and his ideas about “natural selection” human evolution was perceived quite differently. During the Medieval Ages the predominate field of thought was in the “Great Chain of Being.” A structured hierarchy that believed everything had its place in a divinely inspired universe (Suber, 1997). An objects place on the “evolutionary” chain depended on the amount of “spirit” or “matter” it contained, less “spirit” and more “matter” placed it further down on the chain. Ideas such as “spontaneous generation,” which stated that organism could arrive fully formed from inorganic matter only served to enforce Christian ideals of divine inspiration and hinder any kind of true scientific research. (Evers, 1999) Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778)...
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...But, what exactly are genetically modified foods and what sets it apart from traditional breeding? The biotech industry and our departments of agriculture claim that genetic engineering is a natural extension of traditional breeding. However, traditional agriculture methods, such as cross-pollination or selective breeding, are based on natural reproductive mechanisms. These traditional methods will cross only one kind of plant or animal with a similar species. To be specific, genetic engineering crosses the coded DNA barrier and utilizes very powerful (and unnatural) laboratory techniques for transferring genetic material directly between plants and animals. Using these techniques, genes from any plant, animal, virus, or other organism, including a human, can be inserted into any other organism. Therefore, scientists have been able to take “beneficial genes” from some plants or animals and splice them into the DNA of fruits and vegetables. This modification process can make them resistant to pesticides and or insects. Some have even been able to modify rice to have vitamin A as well as the high carbohydrates it also contains; they call it “Golden rice.” This all seems like great progress. At a glance, one might even conclude that this technology could end world hunger. It might even be concluded that this technology will bring about a new age of more nutritious foods. However, further research indicates that there are many possible dangers of continuing down this path of technology...
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...the nearly 20 million Americans enrolled in biomedical studies are black. This reluctance, though justified, has meant that blacks often miss out on the latest treatments and breakthroughs.” – Amara Rivera Given the History of Medical Apartheid in the U.S., African-Americans have tended to be iatrophobic. Should African-Americans continue to participate in medical research and trust their doctors today? Would Harriet Washington and Tim Wise be in support of your argument? QUESTION 2: Ebola Watch this Press TV video: The Debate: Ebola Man-made (pt1) (11 mins) Based on his arguments, is Dr. Short a conspiracy theorist? Comment on the validity of Dr. Short’s arguments and examples given the arguments provided by Washington in Medical Apartheid in the Epilogue of the book and in the rest of the text. Use the relevant examples and ideas Washington uses to draw connections between medical apartheid practiced on Blacks in the U.S and Blacks in Africa from her book. QUESTION 3: Scientific Racism and Eugenics The "science" of eugenics proposed that human perfection could be developed through selective breeding and sterilization. It claimed to improve the genetic features of human populations based on the idea that it is possible to distinguish between superior and inferior elements of society. How has the eugenics movement played a negative role in African-American history? Will advances in technology which allow people select traits of their newborns before birth have a positive...
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...Studies Week 6 *Paper due in 3 weeks Immigration, Eugenics, White Ethnics, Mexican Americans U.S. Immigration Legislation (Tyner, 60) -1907: U.S. Japan Gentlemen’s Agreement -Denied entry to Japanese laborers -1917: Immigration Act -Denied entry to illiterates (meant to exclude Southern and Eastern Europeans) -Designated an “Asiatic Barred Zone” denying entry to people from the lands between India, Australia, and Japan 1924: Johnson-Reed Act (National Origins Act) -Promoted by the American eugenics movement -Designated to maintain national purity and security -America should remain a white, Protestant nation -All others must either assimilate or be relegated to a permanently inferior status. *Eugenics want to keep white/Anglo-Saxon -Product of scientific racism - Applied to Charles Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” theory to modern, industrial civilization (Social Darwinism) -1890s: popular with educated Americans concerned about an imminent “race suicide” due to low Anglo-Saxon birth rates -1903: American Breeders Association founded -1906: its Committee on Eugenics formed “to emphasize the value of superior blood and the menace to society of inferior blood.” -1908: first Eugenics Society (England) -1909: first professorial Chair in Eugenics established (University College, London) -By 1910: emergent international eugenics movement proclaimed itself “the science of human improvement through programs of controlled breeding.” -Eugenicists...
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...The Human Cloning Debate its Benefits Potential and Controversies Charles J. Butler Devry University ENG 135 Professor Norton Abstract This paper explores the vast science and medical research that has gone into cloning, specifically human cloning. It focuses mainly on internet websites and articles posted on to the internet. The articles focus mainly on the history of cloning and the various ways that nature has used cloning and how mankind has extended natures approach and ultimately advanced cloning methods and the new technology that has been discovered because of these advances. The articles contain proof that further advancements in cloning can develop possibilities in preventing and curing diseases. There is discussion on how continued research into therapeutic cloning can expand the knowledge of how certain diseases and cancer attack the body, and how this knowledge can help fight and even eliminate both these issues. Another topic of discussion is how cloning could lead specific cell production of various organs and tissues through-out the body which can lead to curing failing organs and even the possibility of growing replacements organs thus doing away with then need for lengthy organ transplant lists and the needless suffering of thousands of patients a year. The paper contains the various ethical and controversial arguments that human cloning bring up. Keywords: Therapeutic cloning, The Human Cloning Debate its Benefits Potential and Controversies ...
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...Going “gluten-free” is a very popular mantra lately. No differently than dietary fads of the past, the phrase “gluten free” commonly appears in health magazines, cooking shows and on the shelves in our supermarkets. However, the difference between the present gluten free dietary craze and the fad diets of the past is that losing weight is not the end goal, instead, preventing and warding off disease and illness is. Perhaps for this reason going gluten free has gained global popularity and unparalleled support from the medical community. There are a number of unhealthy side effects that come from consuming gluten that most of us consume in the form of wheat. While research on the issue is still inconclusive we know there is something in the wheat plant that is making many of us sick. This research paper was created to examine how gluten and the wheat grain are affecting humans, the potential causes of the sudden manifestation of gluten related disorders, and what, if anything, can be done to prevent gluten related ailments. By way of background, gluten is the main structural protein found in wheat and other grains such as rye, barley, and oats. Wheat is the most commonly consumed gluten containing grain as it makes up approximately seventy-five percent (75%) of all calories consumed from carbohydrates in the American diet. The gluten proteins found in wheat is what gives dough its elasticity and the ability to rise when combined with yeast. Traditional breads, baked goods, pasta...
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...Arab International University The Arabian Horses Grace to Other Breeds By: Khaled HAMADMAD Damascus, Syria 2011-2012 1 Do the Arabian Horses have preferences over the rest of the other breeds? Arabian Horses were an essential part of producing and breeding the most famous horses in the present day. 2 Outlines: 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Origin of the Arabian Horses 3.1. In Science of History 3.2. In myths and theories 3.3. Arabian Horses in Arabian Peninsula 4. Arabian Horses Characteristics 5. Arabian Horses lineage 6. Influence on other horse breeds 7. Arabian Horses spreading out 7.1. Spread to Europe 7.2. Spread to North America 8. Thoroughbred 9. The Arabian Horses today 10. Famous Arabian Horses 3 1. Abstract And God took a handful of South wind and from it formed a horse, saying: "I create thee, Oh Arabian. To thy forelock, I bind Victory in battle. On thy back, I set a rich spoil And a Treasure in thy loins. I establish thee as one of the Glories of the Earth... I give thee flight without wings." From Ancient Bedouin Legend The image of a great black Arabian stallion, floating along the beach, nose to the wind, tail flagging, caught the attention of audiences with the release of The Black Stallion. The star of this film, Cass Ole, a purebred black Arabian stallion, brought the charisma of the Arabian horse to people worldwide with his flowing mane and proud head. Arabians have existed for centuries to insure that generations...
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...During the twentieth century in Michigan, many believed that they could create a race of strong, healthy individuals by weeding out the ‘unfit.’ Those they considered to be idiots, imbeciles, feeble minded, insane, sexual perverts, moral degenerates, and epileptic persons were considered for sterilization. The thought was that by sterilizing the ‘unfit’ and the minorities, the worst genes would be eliminated, therefore only the best genes would reproduce. Focusing my research between the years 1869-1974, this paper will investigate the birth of eugenics and Michigan's adoption of the science, which resulted in the massive human rights violations of the states 3,786 residents. This paper will provide the answer to, why was eugenic sterilization such a commonly accepted science in Michigan during the early 1900’s until the sterilization law was repealed in the 1974? My research will show that eugenic sterilization, although heinous in nature, was justified by Michigan scientists and residents a like by claims of a more humane society and was thought to be the saving grace of mankind. Eugenics is a word derived from Greek meaning "well born" and was formulated by British scientist Francis Galton, cousin of Charles Darwin, after an 1869 study which stemmed from his cousins idea of better evolution. This work concluded that heredity was the sole factor in a persons make up—all things good and bad, anywhere from intellect to deformations. The definition of eugenics given by Galton...
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...Are What We Eat: A Cause to Label Genetically Modified Foods Kelly Boysiewick ITT Technical Institute EN1420 – Composition II Professor Uddin August 21st, 2014 Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………3 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..4 What Are Genetically Modified Foods?.….....................................................................................4 Significant Differences Between Conventional and GM Foods...............................................…...5 Long-Term Studies………………………………………………………………………………..5 Creating a New Species…………...………………………………………………………………7 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………..………….9 References……………………………….……………………………………………………….10 Abstract This paper examines the need for labeling of genetically-modified foods, of GM foods, by researching significant nutritional differences found in conventional and GM foods, long-term studies on the impact on human health, and compounding effects on the environment caused by creating a non-naturally occurring species. In finding no significant nutritional advantages, a lack of evidence to disprove studies on adverse effects on human health, and potentially detrimental effects on the environment, it is believed that the consumer has a right to be informed of the origin or alterations of food made available to them. We Are What We Eat: A Cause to Label Genetically-Modified Foods One of the most dangerous and least understood experiments with human...
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...STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES) REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT AT TEEMARTINS AQUACULTURE, ADAZI – NNUKWU, ANAOCHA L.G.A, ANAMBRA STATE. FROM 29TH APRIL,2013 TO 29TH OCTOBER, 2013 BY IFEZUE ADAZE OLUEBUBECHI 2009032006 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMAENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE ANAMBRA STATE UNIVERSITY IGBARIAM CAMPUS IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF SIWES PROGRAMME MARCH 2014 DEDICATION This I.T SIWES report is dedicated to my friends, all 500 level students of faculty of Agriculture, and to God for his protection and guidance. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is my pleasure to thank and praise the most high God for his sustenance throughout my SIWES programme. I am most grateful to the CEO of Teemartins aquaculture, Mr Emeka Martins Iloghalu who made it possible for me to carry out the I.T in his farm and also for his assistance whenever I needed it and also the staff of Teemartins Aquaculture. My sincere gratitude goes to the Dean of Faculty of Agriculture Dr C.O Uzuegbunam, the HOD of Animal Science department Dr.A.O. Aniebo, my I.T supervisor Mr D.N. Igili and other members of the faculty board for their keen interest for me to acquire these skills outside the school environment. Their efforts can’t be forgotten. I also thank my lovely parents for their support and also my siblings...
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...Genetically Modified Organisms Andre Thomas Soc/215 10-14-15 Dr. Melisha Plummer Genetically Modified Organisms Much has been written about genetically modified organisms. These are commonly known as GMOs. Genetically modified organisms have some positive attributes. However, GMOs also have adverse effects on animals, the environment and the health of the consumer. In order to understand why GMOs have these effects, it is important to know exactly what a GMO is and how these differ from the normal breeding farmers have done for years. The Free Dictionary defines a GMO as “An organism whose genetic characteristics have been altered using the techniques of genetic engineering.” It goes on to explain that modern science has the ability to modify the genetic makeup of plants and animals. Scientists can even transfer genes from one species to another. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/genetically+modified+organism Advocates of genetically modified organisms say that the use of the gmos could end world hunger they also say we could create plants and animals that are resistant to disease and tolerant to pesticides. They can also engineer plants to be drought resistant. They argue these changes would stop famine because the plants could naturally resist. The proponents use pathos to convince people they have the answer to world hunger. They show you pictures starving people around the world and tell you their “improved” seeds make hunger go away. Perhaps it could but the studies...
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...Environmental Psychology Week 3: Individual Assignment The Effects of Population Density and Noise Paper “A man's home is his castle” always has been an English common law for centuries, and is even a saying that is very familiar among many individuals within today’s society. In addition, individuals within today’s society have created numerous ways of defending what they may consider to be their own land, turf, or spread. This allows others to understand the difference or features conscientiously labeled among territory of an individual, which is considered private property and opened territory meant to be shared by a group that is public property. This paper will attempt to define and explain the concepts of territorial, privacy, and personal space. Even though society views these terms as somewhat similar to each other, they are very distinct in their own respected way. Territoriality is defined as a “persistent attachment to a specific territory: the pattern of behavior associated with the defense of a territory” (Merriam-Webster, 2011). This basically means that territoriality is viewed as a behavior in which a species lays claim to an area and shields it against members of its own species. Various key functions are expressed in territoriality, for instance it confirms the procreation of the species by regulating density as well as providing an outline in how things are simply done. Proper spacing is vital because it protects the species against over-exploitation...
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