...Heather Lange University of Phoenix 7/24/2016 Patient Self=Determination Act The Patient Self Determination Act is there to give every adult and minor who has gotten emancipated the right to make their own decision which also include being able to decide what happens for their medical treatments if needed, this is by federal law. Each person is given the right to make the choice of what each individuals believes is the best for them. Advance directives which according to google it is defined as “A written statement of a person’s wishes regarding medical treatment” This can include a living will, or any wishes that they want carried out is that person is unable to talk with the doctor. Within this Patient Self Determination Act, it not only protects the patient is also protecting the healthcare institution when they have to determine what is best for the patient(s) as well. Some types of advance directives would be: A popular one is the DNR, which stands for Do Not Resuscitate. This includes the patient not to be given CPR if the patient stops breathing or their heart stops. Another one is to be an organ or tissue donor, the patient has to give the hospital a yes or no to this question because, that way the hospital is able to remove the organs and tissues for medical study and use. Let’s talk about a couple other advance directives. Power of attorney for health care, this is basically giving a person the power to decided what is needed for the patient, however this...
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...Self-Determination Theory 312033788Work2218Assig1S12012 Word count: 1648 Motivation. A word used often to describe a compelling force that drives people to participate in task and activities such as; a marathon, diets, and writing case reports. But, where does this motivation stems from? To understand where, we must understand? And how can we sustain this drive in every aspect of our lives? This report will cover self-determination theory and how it relates to an associated case study. Other theories and examples will be given along the way, but the focus is on understanding what factors play a role in motivating people to act. Self-Determination Theory is the investigation of people’s inherent growth tendencies and innate psychological needs (Deci & Ryan 2000, pp 68), and its distinction between autonomous motivation and controlled motivation (Gagne and Deci 2005, pp. 333). Self-determination theory separates extrinsic and intrinsic motivators to examine in what ways can intrinsic motivation be sustained and applied to tasks that are displeasing. However, the conditions for personal growth, well-being, and social development must be met. Through research the universal necessities needed to promote the perfect conditions are autonomy, competence, and relatedness (Deci & Ryan 2000, pp 68). Self-determination theory could be paired with Cognitive evaluation theory which focuses on external and internal factors, but is limited to sonly those two. Self-determination...
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...The Head of State or Government of he movement of the Non-Aligned countries met in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia, from 24-25 February 2003 to address the crucial global issues affecting their people with the view of agreeing to a set of actions in the promotion of peace, security, justice, equality, democracy and development conducive for a multilateral system of relations based on principles of sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of state. The right of people to self determination and non-intervention in maters which are essentially within the jurisdiction of states in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and International Law. According to the United Nations Department of Disarmament Affairs (UNDA), the Heads of State or Government emphasized that the international situation continues to be marked by rapid and dramatic evolution, presenting numerous opportunities and challenges to the international community and the Non-Aligned Movement. However, recent events have again demonstrated that a peaceful, just and secure world continues to elude human kind. Accordingly simmering disputes, violent conflicts aggression and foreign occupation, interference in the domestic affairs of states , policies of hegemony and domination, unilateral and conceive measures, ethnic strife religious intolerances, xenophobia, new forms of racism narrowly conceived nationalism pose major and dangerous obstacles to harmonious coexistence among states and people and have...
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...the subsequent peace process that followed after the war and its impact on the main powers like European powers but rather he focused on the impact of the peace process on the side states like Korea and china. These countries didn’t play a major or rather significant role in the peace process in fact they were largely ignored. Central to his thesis is the Wilsonian message of national self-determination and equality among states. To be well conversant with the encumbrance and openings implanted in China's the excellent place to start is on Jonathan D. Spence's good new book. ''The Search for Modern China,'' a detailed account across centuries from the fall of the Ming dynasty in 1600 up to the point of death of the democracy movement in June 1989, will educate everybody students and public alike of Chinese history. The effect and similar causal sequence of Wilson's discourse from 1918 up to the end of Paris peace conference is what Manela defines as the "Wilsonian Moment. As per Manela, Wilson radical ideals was based on his need and determination for all the nations of the earth to become self-governed and to embrace colonial ideologies. Wilson was directing his message to Europe audience but the broadcasting media in Europe send the message across the globe and it was welcomed by leaders from non-western developing countries. The nationalistic movement emerge especially within eastern countries following up on Wilson’s vision. Manila in his book highlights how Wilson’s ideas...
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...Autonomy : Theory and Practice Keywords : Territorial Autonomy, Non-Territorial Autonomy, The Basque Autonomous Community, Spain, Right to self – determination. It might be considered that autonomy can be easily defined since there are so many autonomy models in different parts of the world. However, autonomy does not have the same functioning system in all these parts. Some of them show the same characteristics whereas the others have differences. For instance, autonomy can be for both religious-ethnic groups and indigenous people in different geographical areas. In such group-based autonomies, group members have the right to rule certain matters, e.g. cultural or family issues, whereas autonomy for indigenous people possesses local administrative authorities, locally elected legislative assembly and local independent courts ( Hannum, 1990:467-468 qutoed in Xanthaki, 2007:165) Therefore, Potier (2001:54) claims that ‘international lawyers have failed to come to an agreement on a stable workable definition for autonomy’. According to his assumption, it is impossible to define autonomy accurately since ‘it is a loose and disparate concept which contains many threads, but no single strand’2 However, although he points at the difficulty of the theory of autonomy, there have been many scholars to explain it from different perspectives. We owe great thanks to forefather scientists in particular Ruth Lapidoth, Hurst Hannum, Markku Suksi, Yash Ghai and Yoram Dinstein...
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...Modern society owes much of its origin to a great upheaval in the 18th century, the French Revolution. It was one aspect of a broader pattern of change that, since the Renaissance and Reformation, has set the West on a different path of development from that of the rest of the world. This pattern included the individualism and, in the end, the secularism, that was the Protestant legacy. It also included the rise of science, as a method and as a practice. This culminated in explosive events toward the end of the 18th century. The French Revolution ‘was a phenomenon as awful and irreversible as the first nuclear explosion, and all history has been permanently changed by it.’ The French Revolution is largely regarded as an important event in modern international history because of the way it has had international impact and continued to have international repercussions and influences on society and thought today. This essay will look at different aspects of the French Revolution and discuss how the different components of the revolution have affected the world and the impact of these at the time of the event. For the purposes of this essay the French Revolution will be defined as the insurrection in France that began in 1789 and ended in 1815 with the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. The actual dates of the revolution are widely contested but for the purposes of this essay, these dates will be used as a framework. Modern international will be assumed to mean the...
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...drives in an over sized truck with an American flag at the back. Being an American is being a Patriot, loving your country men, and your country but not afraid to challenge either in the pursuit of life liberty and happiness for all. America has sense its creation been a diverse multicultural country making blanket statements about feelings and behaviors of its inhabitants impossible. However I think everyone is in some way a Patriot which I equate to being the one defining trait of an American. The simple definition of patriotism is an emotional attachment to ones country. I think this definition has more to it than meets the eye, when you consider the principles this country was built on. This country was built on hard work and determination; the hardships endured only serve to...
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...Sally, a 22 year-old woman has been suffering from anorexia nervosa for six years. The recent weeks have seen her condition worsen to the extent that the Medical Officer has resulted to prescribing her artificial nutrition, PEG feeds, administration. Sally has however refused the artificial feeding, let alone the insertion of the PEG tube. Essentially, Sally is just an exemplar of the numerous cases that nurses’ encounter when patients refuse treatments that could save their lives. Hendrick (2000) indicates that in such cases, nurses, with patients’ best interest at heart question the possibility of employing coercion or other means to make the patient undergo the treatment. Veitch (2007) warns nurses or any medical practitioner on making patients comply with treatment citing that in healthcare, best practices, in reference to legal rights and ethical practices should act as effective tools that should make nurses and other medical practitioners decide on patients that refuse treatment. In addition, every case should be examined individually to decide the best course of action that nurses and the medical practitioners should take. Hence, in deciding on Sally’s case, the key question lies on whether Sally has a legal basis or right, as well as the ethical right of refusing treatment. Respect for autonomy, granted under the individual legal right to refuse or consent treatment automatically grants Sally the legal right to refuse treatment. However, the complexity, in reference to...
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...International Law and Municipal Law Issues: • Does domestic law override international law? • Does international law apply domestically? 1 Theoretical Issues • Monism: Essentially exponents of natural-law theories; consequently, they regard all law as part of the same universal normative order, with municipal law deriving its binding force by way of delegation from international law. Thus, monists consider international law a part of domestic law. • Dualism: Essentially exponents of legal positivists – therefore, they have an essentially consensual view of international law, believing that international and municipal law were two separate legal orders. International law must be incorporated into domestic law, for it to apply domestically. • Harmonisation: Assumes that international law forms part of municipal law but acknowledges that on occasions when there was a conflict between the two systems, a municipal judge would be bound by the jurisdictional rules of the domestic domain. 2 Primacy of International Law 1 Municipal Tribunals Whether international law has primacy over municipal law depends on each particular country’s constitution. In Australia, there is no express incorporation of international obligations in Australia. Implementing legislation is required for both treaty and customary international law to apply. See below for further information. 2 International Tribunals A State cannot invoke domestic laws as an excuse for failure...
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...Sovereignty After over 300 years of history, the question of Indian tribal sovereignty is still being debated and litigated daily. The question is, Who should exercise sovereign power over a wide range of governing activities — the tribes themselves, the states, the federal executive branch, Congress or the U.S. judicial system? Each legal entity has some claim to power, and the balance of authority between these powers has shifted over time. Because of this, tribes were forced to act under contradictory federal policies. * For some issues, tribes act as sovereign government entities similar to states within our federal system. * They act as special interest groups for other issues and at other times in their history. * Sometimes, they have to act as both simultaneously. Even those who have been dealing with the questions most directly admit they don't necessarily understand sovereignty. In Spiral of Fire, the former Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of the Cherokee Nation, Joyce Duggan, says, "Many people still have a hard time today understanding sovereignty. What does this sovereignty of Indian nations mean? I have a hard time with it too because we're not sovereign in this nation. If we were sovereign in this nation we would not have to depend on federal government dollars. We would not have to go to the state for gaming approvals. We would be able to live independently in our own nation, which is what we were doing in 1838 at the time of the removal...
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...In 1825, a group of American businesspeople announced the formation of a canal building company, with interests in constructing a canal system across the Isthmus. This project was to take place in an area now called Panama. The endeavor was filled with controversy. Though the canal itself was not built until the early 1900's every step toward the building and ownership, was saturated with difficulty. Walter LaFeber illustrates the dilemmas in a historical analysis. In his work he states five questions that address the significance of the Panama Canal to United States. This paper will discuss the historical perspective of the book's author, address pertinent three questions and give a critique of LaFeber's work, The Panama Canal. For proper historical analysis one must understand the importance of the Canal. The Panama Canal and the Canal Zone (the immediate area surrounding the Canal) are important areas used for trade. Even before the canal was built there were to large ports on both sides of the Isthmus. Large amounts of cargo passed through the Isthmus by a railroad that connected the two ports. The most important cargo was the gold mined in California before the transcontinental railroad was completed in the United States. It has strategic significance because of its location, acting as a gateway connecting the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. This allows for rapid naval deployment between fleets in either ocean. These two facets make the Panama Canal very important in the region...
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...Advantages and Disadvantages of Transnational Corporations Host Country: Advantages 1. The investment level, employment level, and income level of the host country increases due to the operation of TNC's. 2. The industries of host country get latest technology from foreign countries through TNC's. 3. The host country's business also gets management expertise from TNC's. 4. The domestic traders and market intermediaries of the host country gets increased business from the operation of TNC's. 5. TNC's break protectionism, curb local monopolies, create competition among domestic companies and thus enhance their competitiveness. 6. Domestic industries can make use of R and D outcomes of TNC's. 7. The host country can reduce imports and increase exports due to goods produced by TNC's in the host country. This helps to improve balance of payment. 8. Level of industrial and economic development increases due to the growth of TNC's in the host country. Disadvantages 1. TNC's may transfer technology which has become outdated in the home country. 2. As TNC's do not operate within the national autonomy, they may pose a threat to the economic and political sovereignty of host countries. 3. TNC's may damage the domestic industry by monpolising the host country's market. 4. In order to make profit, TNC's may use natural resources of the home country indiscriminately and cause depletion of the resources. 5. A large sums of money flows to foreign countries in terms of payments...
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... There is a question, burning in every American’s heart; Is the American Dream, the thing many died in hopes of, still alive today? Many would say no, that we are in recession and that no one is born in equal opportunities, but those people forget the fundamental principles behind the dream. The American Dream is the idea that everyone has the ability to have equal opportunity and lead successful lives, and that idea is still alive because we still have the same laws protecting our rights and the only thing that could rob us of the dream is our own attitudes towards it. The United States Constitution has gone through a few changes over the years, the addition and revision of the first ten amendments and other clarifications being examples. However, every U.S citizen still has the same unalienable rights, the freedom of speech, of press, of assembly, and of religion. These same freedoms are clearly stated in the Bill of Rights and are protected by the government. Rights such as these are what give the United States citizens the ability to achieve the American Dream. What many seem to misinterpret is America’s role in the attainment of the American Dream, America cannot guarantee success, it just provides the tools to lead to it. It is like the provider of a block of ivory and sculpting tools, it is up to the person to sculpt their own vision. As mentioned, it is completely up to the person whether or not the dream is attainable because all citizens...
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...The story of the American Dream is as old as the Republic itself: come to America for a fresh start, work hard, seize the opportunities here to do better than your parents, and reach financial success for the benefit of your family. Does that American Dream still apply in today’s rapidly changing world, particularly in Silicon Valley? While my life so far looks like the culmination of an American Dream, I have been unaware that there are many people who do not live my lifestyle and who lack my opportunities. Many live hard lives of financial struggle, including my ancestors, as I only recently learned. Although I believe I have personally experienced the American Dream, I have begun to realize that many people around me and from my family’s past have not been as fortunate. My story mostly involves positive events that have shaped the person I have become. I was born into, and spent my childhood in, an affluent part of Southern California near Pasadena. I attended private schools, excelled in many of my studies, and graduated from high school in 2011. I pursued several extracurricular activities, including being a member of a swim team and becoming a Boy Scout. After my final year on the swim team, I was bestowed the Burdette Award, a lifetime achievement award for our team due to my many years of hard work and perseverance for the team. As a Boy Scout, I earned the rank of Eagle Scout, which is the highest ranking in Boy Scouting. I also twice visited the Philmont High Adventure...
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...directly met by intrinsic strivings and goals (Deci & Ryan 1991; Ryan 1995). Those inner psychological needs are the assumed source of a genuine sense of personal welfare or eudaimonia (Ryan & Deci 1995; Ryff 1995; Waterman 1993). In contradiction, strong emphasis on reaching extrinsic aims and rewards such as bonuses, social recognition, and status can meet these basic needs indirectly and may truly distract from their implementation. Besides, extrinsic strives, when they are predominant priorities, may result in engagement of egoistic behavior of an individual accompanied with stress and pressure (Ryan 1982; Ryan, Koestner, & Deci 1991), which another study indicates to be associated with low level of vitality and well-being rather than self-determined involvement in the task (Nix, Ryan, Manly, & Deci...
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