...Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 110 (2014) 1251 – 1261 Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education 2013 Virtual teams: opportunities and challenges for e-leaders Snellman Carita Liliana* a Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Business, Leiritie 1, Vantaa 01600, Finland Abstract In the globalized world with crucial technological changes, leaders are facing unforeseen opportunities as well as challenges while striving to reach their objectives. Such changes have led to organizational restructurings and implied rethinking of leadership functions and practices. Changing organizational structures, from traditional hierarchical towards lower and more flexible ones, have made leaders organize work in new ways. Teams account for one new way of organizing work and reaching organizational goals. Likewise, globalized markets have made leaders search for new solutions to meet the needs of customers. In consequence, organizations strive for competitive advantages through downsizing, subcontracting, joint ventures, strategic alliances, and other collaborative and network-based alternatives which are typically facilitated by virtual teams. Virtual teams are geographically and organizationally dispersed teams that function over time zones. Due to such dispersion, physical contact in virtual teams is reduced or lacking altogether which means that collaboration is enabled by IT-solutions...
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... ET AL . Conclusion: Knowledge and Skills for Professional Practice Tim W. Clark Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Institution for Social and Policy Studies at Yale, Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative Murray B. Rutherford Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative Kim Ziegelmayer Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Michael J. Stevenson Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Most professionals beginning their careers in species and ecosystem conservation conceive of their future work in terms of hands-on tasks in the field (“doing something important in the real world”). Whether on the domestic or the international scene, typically the forester sees themselves laying out timber sales, the fisheries biologist looks forward to surveying streams, and the range specialist expects to be classifying grasslands. Current curricula in most universities largely mirror this common view. We train future foresters to address logging problems in the Pacific Northwest or in the tropics, or conservation biologists to design a reserve or study an endangered species. But in actual practice, most professionals spend only part—and sometimes a small part—of their time attending to technical tasks in the field. Professionals, over a career or a lifetime, participate in many activities well beyond fieldwork, and there is much more to building a successful professional practice today than skills...
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...College of Information Systems & Technology Bachelor of Science in Information Technology with a Concentration in Information Management The Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) degree program is focused on the acquisition of theory and the application of technical competencies associated with the information technology profession. The courses prepare students with fundamental knowledge in core technologies, such as systems analysis and design; programming; database design; network architecture and administration; web technologies; and application development, implementation, and maintenance. This undergraduate degree program includes 45 credits in the required course of study and 15 credits in the concentration. Some courses have prerequisites. In addition, students must satisfy general education and elective requirements to meet the 120-credit minimum, including a minimum of 48 upper-division credits required for completion of the degree. At the time of enrollment, students must choose a concentration. The Information Management concentration is designed to provide coverage of the collection, architecture, modeling, retrieval and management of data for meaningful presentation to the organization. This concentration prepares students to develop, deploy, manage, and integrate data and information systems to support the organization. Note: The diploma awarded for this program will read: Bachelor of Science in Information Technology and will not reflect the concentration...
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...Name: HUY HUYNH Class: PHIL-370 Instructor: Michael Davis Third Paper ENGINEERS AND LAYERS Ornella Muti, P.E., was retained by plaintiff’s attorney to evaluate a transponder used in small planes to determine whether it could have been the cause of a mid-air collision. While doing the evaluation, Muti discovered that the transponder has a flaw which, though unrelated to the collision, might well cause another dangerous error, failure to respond during the approach to landing if the ambient temperature is too high. Since this second flaw both concerns public safety and was unrelated to the case, Muti sent a senior engineer at the defendant company a copy of the relevant parts of her report when she sent the entire report to the plaintiff’s attorney, telling the attorney what she had done. Plaintiff’s attorney then filed a complaint with us, alleging breach of confidentiality, breach of contract, and other unprofessional conduct. The case is pretty simple to understand. Muti was hired by a plaintiff’s attorney to investigate a transponder whether it caused a mid-air collision. While doing so, she found an unrelated flaw that could cause a hazard. She sent a second engineer at the defendant company parts of her report, and then sent a full report to the plaintiff’s attorney, telling about the second engineer. The attorney filed a complaint against Muti. The case itself has a few ambiguous details. We have made the following assumptions to clarify these ambiguities so that we...
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...organization. The compensation committee for an IT company, who is a pay leader, is in the process of creating a pay structure for the company using a point job evaluation system. The job that is currently in question is an entry-level computer engineer. The compensable factors are weighted out of 1000 points and those that have been selected for this job are education (200 pts), experience (200 pts), complexity (250 pts), and responsibility (350 pts). Education is divided into five degrees: Doctorate (200), Masters (150), Bachelors (100), Associates/ Some College (50), High School or less (0). Experience is divided into five degrees: 10+ years of experience (200), 6-9 years of experience (150), 3-5 years of experience (100), 1-2 years of experience (50), little to no experience (0). Complexity is divided into four degrees: very complex (250), complex (150), somewhat complex (50), not very complex (0). Finally, responsibility is divided into four degrees: supervisor (350), senior engineer (250), engineer (150), junior engineer (50). The computer engineer job would receive 100 pts for education, as a bachelor’s degree is needed, 0 pts for experience, since it is an entry-level job, 250 for complexity because the position is that of an engineer,...
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...appropriate behavior. Although it is rather generous to have an honor principle that is so vague, it can also be a bad thing to have. Some students may not want to collaborate or share tips about the work because they’re afraid it would be in violation of the principle. I think that certain guidelines should be established for very research heavy assignments, such as labs and papers, in each class, like Biology Professor Smith at Dartmouth does with her students. This was a policy I have followed through my high school and first years in college. Each student collaborates with obtaining the data, but it’s the interpretation of it that varies. There was an incident at Harvard University that was discussed in class about the 125 graduate seniors who were made to take a leave of absence or withdraw for collaborating on a take home test. An investigation is being conducted for these students and it was brought up in class about whether or not it was fair to rescind all students’ diplomas who took this General Education class. A student in class stated that it was not fair because you can’t really prove who exactly cheated and who didn’t. They also stated that because this class was a GE class it doesn’t really affect any jobs so no “real” harm was done. When the example of a doctoral thesis being plagiarized was brought up, it was generally agreed upon that...
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...Case study: Andrew Ryan at VC Brakes 1. Analyze the effectiveness of the approach to change taken at VC Brakes. 2. Was Andrew Ryan effective? What could he have done differently? 3. Should Ryan stay at VC Brakes and continue to help with the TQM initiative? If so, what should he do differently? The approach taken was the right thing to do and in my opinion was well planned. The fact that it didn’t work out however means that it wasn’t the right fit for the organizational culture of VC Brakes. If VC Brakes had no division between the engineers and the rest of the operations I believe the approach would have provided successful results. Andrew Ryan was effective in his original endeavors as the senior manager of the engineering services (ES) team. However I think this question is referring to his task of implementing TQM into VC Brakes, so in that regard no he was not effective. Although TQM had great values Ryan was unable to break the divider between management and lower level employees to make progress with TQM. Lower level employees were said to have some creative and (in my opinion) easy to fix ideas on current operations. For example the box cutters that were standard were said to not be up to par. Although upper management didn’t change the box cutters out for new ones originally Ryan could have told upper management to change the box cutters simply as a way to get employees on board with the idea of implementing TQM. If Ryan had exhausted his efforts to make the change...
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...understand the reality of ‘engineering.' For them, engineers are “super-humans” who build rockets, robots, electric vehicles and the like. The reason is that when a person says he works on a satellite project, people jump to the conclusion that he knows every detail of building a satellite. In reality, no engineer can know the entire details of projects. For example, it requires people from various disciplines such as electrical, mechanical, chemical and materials engineering to design an electric car. Since the common man has the “super-human” view in mind, he generally does not accept or appreciate many of the “real” engineering works. For example, a home inverter might not bring about any awe to the common man as does an electric vehicle (though both might be equally challenging to build), because he often finds a technician setting right the problems in a home inverter. The technician just knows by experience what to do, whereas an engineer knows why it has to be done. Engineering is more valuable than science First, I will clarify the difference between ‘science' and ‘engineering' through a simple example. The study of optics of materials will fall under science. Scientists (physicists, in this case) will try to explain the optical properties which different materials possess. If someone tries to use the optical properties to make a microscope or a camera, he will be an engineer. Scientists establish facts which engineers exploit to make things useful to society. History...
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...this is what is called being selfish. For example, the purchase amounts of staff time to work on the weekend. This Quite simply is not the work of an ethical famous factories do, do. In light of the reputation and confidence, showing factories famous quality and value at the expense of small factories and start-ups. Greed to get as much as possible from customers and a thousand The benefits of competition to make catalog immoral. The most affected is the ultimate consumer Engineers are always trying to develop their companies no matter what the cost is. Many of the engineers working more than they should. For example, some of the engineers is trying hard to reach the top for the success of that company, even if it cost him to work outside working hours. Good job he does not harm in it. But, you gave the right engineer for other engineers to show themselves? Is this the work of aspiring engineer for selfish for himself or to serve the community and the people? Is this the work of engineer will cost consumers the right price, or he would use the uniqueness of this product is to raise prices exaggerated? I believe...
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...that we use to make our life more comfortable are created and maintained by engineers. Clearly engineers play an important role in our lives. However, there is a shortage of them. I believe that studying engineering should be encouraged and we should make engineering a more attractive career. In this report, I will address the importance of engineers, reasons why we are lacking them and some solutions that can help solve the problem. 2. The importance of Engineers Engineers apply their knowledge in mathematics, sciences, economics and society and use their practical skills to design and build structures, machines, devices, materials, systems, and processes1. Looking around us, everything from vehicles, buildings, facilities to our laptops, mobile phones have been created and are still maintained by engineers. Hence, it is hard to imagine how our lives will be without them. Moreover, engineers are those who has changed and shaped the world today. “Engineers will drive the solutions to today’s most pressing problems” – Quote by Dean of Engineering, UC Berkeley. One of the most significant events in the history of the world’s economy is the Industrial revolution in eighteenth and nineteenth century. Starting in the UK, the manufacturing of products has switched from animal and labour based to machine based. Since then, the UK economy, and later the most of Europe economy have developed dramatically. Engineers continue to solve one of the biggest problems today, global warming. The...
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...MGT 434 Week 4 DQ 3 To Buy This material Click below link http://www.uoptutors.com/MGT-434/MGT-434-Week-4-DQ-3 You are the Office Manager for an engineering firm. You interview Patricia for a position as the admin for three engineers and two surveyors. Three weeks after she accepts the job, she calls in sick. She does not bring in a doctors note. Two weeks later, she calls you to tell you that her boy friend”must undergo surgery. She has promised him that the first person he will see upon coming out of anesthesia will be she. She needs to take time off to fulfill her promise. You tell her to report in once she has seen him. One month after that, she comes to you and tells you that she needs an advance on her salary, as she is on the verge of being evicted. You speak with the owner, who says that she can have her check early ONLY this one time. Several days later, she calls on her cell phone. She speaks to one of the engineers and tells him to tell you that a car drove her off the road and the state trooper investigating the case believes that she needs to take the day off to recuperate. The engineer reports this to you. He also tells you that his team has been keeping a diary on her time and attendance. She constantly is leaving her work station, going outside to smoke or talk on has cell phone. She also has told them that she suffers from Crohn’s’ Disease and needs frequent bathroom breaks. You tell her that you would like to speak with her. She tells you, in reply,”Great...
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...MANUAL OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS I. CODE OF ETHICS FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING PRACTITIONERS FOREWORD Honesty, justice and courtesy form a moral philosophy which, associated mutual interest among men, constitutes the foundation of ethics. The electronics engineer should recognize such standard, not in passive observance, but a set of dynamic principles guiding his conduct and way of life. It is his duty to practice his profession according to this Code of Ethics and Conduct. The keystone of professional conduct is integrity. Hence, it behoves the electronics engineer to discharge his duties with fidelity to the public, his employer and his client and with fairness and impartially to all. It is my duty to interest himself in public welfare, and to be ready to apply his special knowledge for the benefit of mankind. He should uphold the honor and dignity of his profession and avoid association with enterprise of questionable character. In his dealings with fellow engineers, he should be fair and tolerant. RELATIONS WITH THE STATE 1. Each and every engineer shall recognize and the supreme authority of the State as express through its laws and implemented by its agencies, whenever wherever such laws do not infringe upon the rights and privileges of citizens as guaranteed by the Constitution. 2. He shall recognize that the well-being of the public and the interest of the State are above the well-being and interest of any individual. ...
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...facts in the situation – obtain all of the unbiased facts possible Donald J. Giffels is a civil engineer and president of a engineering consulting firm. His firm was under a contract to some work with installing equipment at a facility to train firefighters dealing with fire crashes of airplanes. Jet fuel was recently replaced with liquid propane because it contaminated the soil to simulate fires. Giffels was concerned about the lack of design in areas crucial to safety. No design analysis was submitted either. He contacted the designers for a justification in approving the design. Giffels contacted another engineering firm that had installed similar designs and they had confirmed the cause for concern about safety when looking at the design. A mechanical engineering firm was asked to do a design study but was turned down because of liability fears. Therefore Giffels firm asked the government to be absolved of any responsibility in case of mishaps do to inadequate design. The firm refused to proceed with the installation until safety issues were addressed. The government agency agreed and brought in three other firms to fix the safety issues. Step 2: Define the Stakeholders - those with a vested interest in the outcome The Government agency would be a stakeholder. Where they have overlooked the safety designs and failed to submit an analysis. Giffels’ civil engineer is a stake holder also who would have felt the guilt of ignoring the design although his firm is only...
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...work together to improve product development. Its main focus is around the “voice of the customer”. By using the House of Quality (HOQ) to understand the voice of the customer, they are able to translate this into the voice of the engineer to help keep a consistent design scheme. The first thing you must do is identify the customer’s needs. These range from the benefits they want to the service they expect to be provided. Personal interviews and focus groups are then made to find anywhere from 100-400 needs that the customers desire. The next step is structuring these needs into a hierarchy based on primary, secondary, tertiary, etc. After structuring the needs, they are then prioritized so that the most desired needs are taken care of first while the others are not deemed as necessary. The last thing that is done is to have the customers assess the current products to see which aspects they should replicate in future products. All of this must then be translated and communicated to the engineers to establish the “voice of the engineer.” They come up with design attributes such as time to perform task, initial setup time, and time for a new operator to perform the task. All of the engineering measures must then be compared with others. The engineers then specify the strongest relationships while leaving the other 60-70% blank. A roof matrix is then created to analyze the tradeoffs between the different variables. These processes have been implemented in many different companies...
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...research engineer is the closest of a scientist. They explore fundamental principles of chemistry, physics, biology, and mathematics in order to overcome barriers preventing advancement in their field. They also conduct investigations using various means like experiments both large and small-scale. Development- The development function is often coupled with research in so called R&D divisions. Development engineers take knowledge acquired by researchers and apply it to a specific product or application. They continuously looking for ways to incorporate the findings of research, into prototypes to test their feasibilities for use in tomorrows products. Testing- Test engineers are responsible for designing and implementing test to verify the integrity, reliability, and quality of products before they are introduced to the public. They devise ways to simulate the conditions a product will be subjected to during life. Design- The design engineer is responsible for providing the detailed specifications of the product society uses. They use their knowledge of scientific and mathematical laws, coupled with experience, to generate a shape to meet design tools and are often supported by technicians trained in computer drafting software. Analysis- is an engineering function performed in conjunction with design, development, and research. They use mathematical models, and computational tools to provide the necessary information to design, develop, or research engineers to help...
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