...Abstract: The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands have brought China and Japan into a bitter dispute for many decades. With regard to the real question of who owns sovereignty over the islands, the two claimants can not come to terms on several critical issues, such as whether the islands were terra nullius when Japan claimed sovereignty in 1895, whether Japan returned the islands to China after the Japanese defeat in WWII, and how their maritime boundary in the East China Sea should be demarcated according to international law. There is no ready solution to the longstanding stalemate, but the pending dispute could be shelved and managed from escalating into a military conflict. INTRODUCTION The Diaoyu Islands in Chinese or Senkaku in Japanese are a tiny group of islands, 6.3 km² in total, in the East China Sea. The islands consist of eight tiny insular formations, of which only two are over 1 km² (the Diaoyu/Uotsuri Island is the biggest one with 4.3 km²), five are completely barren, and none are currently inhabited or have had any kind of reported human economic activity. Notwithstanding these unfriendly natural features, the islands have brought China and Japan into a bitter dispute since 1960’s because of their strategic importance in terms of security and economy, as well as their significant political implications. The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands are located approximately midway between the island of Taiwan and the Japanese Ryukyu Islands, around 120 nautical...
Words: 9005 - Pages: 37
...Final Paper: Senkaku Diaoyu Dispute Word Count: 3008 Table of Contents Abstract3 Sino-Japanese Dispute over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands4 Pending Controversy from the Chinese Perspective 4 China’s Strategy in the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands Dispute 6 Issue Linkage and Coercive Diplomacy 6 Sino-Japanese political-economic relations 8 Cold Politics and Hot Economics 8 References13 Abstract: The Senkaku Diaoyu crisis is a territorial dispute between China and Japan over a group of islands know as Senkaku in Japanese and Diaoyu in Chinese. The Sino-Japanese dispute over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dates back to as early as 1895 when Japan annexed the islands. It was not until the 1960’s and early 1970’s that the dispute becomes a major topic of Sino-Japanese relations due to a report by the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East that suggested possible large hydrocarbon deposit in the waters off Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands (Zhongqi, P. 2007). China however, has clearly stated that the islands have been its territory for the last five centuries (Yuan 2013). There are many disputes in regards to the ownership of the islands. Firstly, China believes that Japans claim of sovereignty over the islands in 1895 holds no meaning, leaving the lands unclaimed. Second, China and Japan disagree over whether Japan returned the islands to China after the Japanese defeat in World War II. Lastly, China and Japan debate over how their maritime boundary in the East China...
Words: 3227 - Pages: 13
...LANG371 – MAJOR ESSAY Sino-Japanese Territorial Dispute & The Media An examination of how the media portrays the dispute between Japan and China over the sovereignty of the Senkaku Islands. Chelsea Fraser 3647213 In what is seen as the most volatile issue in Sino-Japanese relations at the present time, the dispute over ownership of a group of islands in the East China Sea continues. The islands, known as the Senkaku Islands in Japanese and the Diaoyu in Chinese are central to a territorial dispute between Japan and the People’s Republic of China. The archipelago contains five uninhabited islands and 3 barren rocks. Interestingly, neither China nor Japan are pursuing sovereignty of the islands for the land but rather for the territorial waters that are contained within the area. These waters are not only a major fishing area, but a 1969 report by The United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East speculates that there may be untapped oil reserves under the surface. The Japanese Government’s is view that the Senkaku Islands are “clearly an inherent territory of Japan, in light of historical facts and based upon international law,” and the Senkaku Islands “are under the valid control of Japan”. With access to information at the click of a mouse, the world’s media plays a critical role in influencing the debate surrounding the sovereignty of the islands. This report will examine news articles from Japan, China and abroad in order to ...
Words: 1130 - Pages: 5
...Policy A. Japan and China (Senkaku/ Diaoyu Islands) 1. New policy for airlines and flight plans 2. Unexpected occurrence of accidents in airspace 3. Rightful owner of Diaoyu / Senkaku 4. Incident with Chinese vessel and U.S. warship B. Incidents of American servicemen raping Japanese children in 1995 and 2008 1. 2009 the Guam international agreement signed 2. Removal of 8,000 U.S. troops 3. Ways to strengthen security and defense C. U.S. and Syria chemical weapons 1. Inactivity threatens the middle east 2. International inspectors destroy chemicals 3. Geneva agreement II. Aspects that led to U.S. rise as a world super power A. Victory over Spain in the Spanish American war B. Cuba gained independence from Spain C. U.S. gained possession of Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico III. International incidents since WWII Americans take a policing role A. Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor B. Attacks on U.S. diplomatic compounds in Middle East C. U.S. and Korean conflict 1950 IV. Driving forces that fueled international incidents A. NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization B. San Francisco Treaty 1. Base military personnel in Japan for defense C. Treaty of cooperation and security 1. Treaty allows the U.S. to keep forces in Japan D. The Geneva Agreement 1. Form of intervention 2. Long term liabilities for Syria Resources: 1. Harry, R. (2013). A Solution Acceptable to All? A Legal Analysis of the Senkaku-Diaoyu Island Dispute. Conell International Law...
Words: 393 - Pages: 2
...3Yasukuni’s international relation 2.2 The DiaoYu island incident 2.2.1 Background of DiaoYu island 2.2.2 Recent situation of DiaoYu island and its impact on economic activities 3.Effects of tense relationship between Japan and China 3.1 Negative economic effect for both countries 3.1.1 Japanese companies in China 3.1.2 Chinese workers in Japan 3.2 Economic importance 3.2.1 China as a economic partner to Japan 3.2.2 Japan as a economic partner of China 3.2.3 Japan is looking for alternative Conclusion Introduction: Background of Japan and China relationship China and Japan has been stayed in a very peaceful manner from the past 30 years. The signing of the "Sino-Japanese Joint Statement", "Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship", "Sino-Japanese Joint Declaration" built a peaceful foundation for Japan and China after World War Two.(Burns, 2000) Moreover, after Deng Xiaoping visited Japan and started his “opening-up” policy, China has opened up her economy door to Japan and the interactions of economic and culture between two countries had also reached to a peak when China became Japan’s biggest trade partner in 2004. However, for the past ten years from 2004 to 2014,there are so many political incidents such as the Prime Minister of Japan visited Yasukuni Shrine and the Diaoyu (Senkaku island )incident which has led to dissatisfaction...
Words: 2039 - Pages: 9
...Economic and Trade Relations of China and Japan China contains more than 5,000 years of history. This remarkably long past earns china the title of the oldest civilization in the world. The country possesses the largest population of 1.344 billion and a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $7.318 trillion in U.S. dollars ("World bank, china," 2011). Although China has an extremely high GDP, the extremely large population is a problem since they cannot provide enough resources for the entire population. This makes it imperative for China to trade and have relations with the world around them and participate in the global economy. That being said, with there incredibly dense population, they have a labor force of 795.5 million which allow them to be very large competition for the rest of the world. Since the 1970s, China has evolved from a closed, central system to a market-orientated system that makes China the world's largest exporter. This was accomplished by the gradual liberalization of prices, fiscal decentralization, creation of a diversified banking system, the growth of stock markets, the opening to foreign trade and investment, rapid growth of private sectors, and the decrease in collective agriculture ("Index mundi: China," 2012). In the more recent years, China has once again brought back their support for state-owned enterprises (SOE) for the purposes of economic security. The restructuring of the economy and resulting in efficiency gains have brought China to be...
Words: 1889 - Pages: 8
...The main diplomatic partners of the People’s Republic of China The United States The first partner of China is undoubtedly the United States of America. However, the relations between these two countries are far from being very simple. There is no denying that China has genuinely been mesmerized by the military and economic power of the USA for a long time. And it is clear that the aim of the Chinese is to fill up this backwardness and even to surpass the American “hyper-puissance”. But in the same time, China is perfectly aware of the necessity to remain on good (and peaceful) terms with the country, which is one of the major actors of the control of the security of the Oriental Asia. Moreover, it is impossible to turn a blind eye to the fact that China largely depends on the American economy. For example, the Chinese foreign trade surplus with the US amounted to 233 billions dollars in 2006 and the currency supplies currently comes to 1000 billions dollars whose the most part is composed of American Treasury Bills. Thus, this economic interdependence allows the two countries to keep good and pacific ties. Nevertheless, the most sensible problem between China and the USA has remained Taiwan for a long time. Since the normalisation of their relations in 1979, Beijing and Washington have agreed with the fact of maintaining a status quo on this burning issue. Actually, this situation is nurtured by a kind of military confrontation, which...
Words: 1458 - Pages: 6
...International Relations Who are the main diplomatic partners of the People’s Republic of China? The United States The first partner of China is undoubtedly the United States of America. However, the relations between these two countries are far from being very simple. There is no denying that China has genuinely been mesmerized by the military and economic power of the USA for a long time. And it is clear that the aim of the Chinese is to fill up this backwardness and even to surpass the American “hyper-puissance”. But in the same time, China is perfectly aware of the necessity to remain on good (and peaceful) terms with the country, which is one of the major actors of the control of the security of the Oriental Asia. Moreover, it is impossible to turn a blind eye to the fact that China largely depends on the American economy. For example, the Chinese foreign trade surplus with the US amounted to 233 billions dollars in 2006 and the currency supplies currently comes to 1000 billions dollars whose the most part is composed of American Treasury Bills. Thus, this economic interdependence allows the two countries to keep good and pacific ties. Nevertheless, the most sensible problem between China and the USA has remained Taiwan for a long time. Since the normalisation of their relations in 1979, Beijing and Washington have agreed with the fact of maintaining a status quo on this burning issue. Actually, this situation is nurtured by a kind of military confrontation, which...
Words: 1506 - Pages: 7
...Chinese Economy in 1978 Economic reforms introducing capitalist market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the de-collectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start up businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China GDP by 2005,[4] a figure larger in comparison to many Western nations[citation needed]. From 1978 to 2010, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. China's economy became the second largest after the United States and is projected to become the world's largest economy by 2025. Natural Resources Land Resources - China has 9.6 million square kilometres land area, accounting for 22.1% of the land area of the Asian continent, and accounting for 6.4% of the world's land area, it is one of the countries which have a vast area of land. China's abundant land resources has two significant geographical features. The share of mountains which have higher elevations and greater volatility (including hill, mountainous...
Words: 2510 - Pages: 11
...A special report on China's place in the world Brushwood and gall China insists that its growing military and diplomatic clout pose no threat. The rest of the world, and particularly America, is not so sure, says Edward Carr Dec 2nd 2010 | from PRINT EDITION • • IN 492BC, at the end of the “Spring and Autumn” period in Chinese history, Goujian, the king of Yue in modern Zhejiang, was taken prisoner after a disastrous campaign against King Fuchai, his neighbour to the north. Goujian was put to work in the royal stables where he bore his captivity with such dignity that he gradually won Fuchai’s respect. After a few years Fuchai let him return home as his vassal. Goujian never forgot his humiliation. He slept on brushwood and hung a gall bladder in his room, licking it daily to feed his appetite for revenge. Yue appeared loyal, but its gifts of craftsmen and timber tempted Fuchai to build palaces and towers even though the extravagance ensnared him in debt. Goujian distracted him with Yue’s most beautiful women, bribed his officials and bought enough grain to empty his granaries. Meanwhile, as Fuchai’s kingdom declined, Yue grew rich and raised a new army. Goujian bided his time for eight long years. By 482BC, confident of his superiority, he set off north with almost 50,000 warriors. Over several campaigns they put Fuchai and his kingdom to the sword. The king who slept on brushwood and tasted gall is as familiar to Chinese as King Alfred and his cakes are to Britons,...
Words: 14821 - Pages: 60
...previous prime minister, Yousuf Raza Gilani, from office in June by charging him with contempt of court for failing to reopen corruption proceedings against President Asif Zardari. OIC suspended Syria The Organisation Islamic Cooperation(OIC) suspended Syria on 16th August 2012 saying the muslim world can no longer accept a government that “massacres its people”,further isolating the embattled regime. Senkaku Islands became the Bone of Contention between China and Japan Ten Japanese on 23 August 2012, made an unauthorized landing on Uotsuri, which is known in Japan as the Senkaku Islands and in China as the Diaoyu Islands. The uninhabited islands surrounded by rich fishing grounds are controlled by Japan but also claimed by China and Taiwan.The Senkaku Islands dispute engulfs in itself a territorial dispute on a group of uninhabited islands. Of the ten Japanese people who visited the island, five were apparently conservative local assembly members.The Senkaku Islands are located in the East China Sea between Japan, and the Republic of China. The archipelago contains five uninhabited islands. Somalia Assembly Passes the Endorses Draft Constitution Somalia Constitution on 1 august 2012 endorsed a draft constitution billed a key step to ending the decades of the civil war. The Horn of Africa country’s outgoing government hailed the end of an eight-year interim period. Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohamed Ali expressed happy and announced that Somalia has from now, left the transitional period...
Words: 11034 - Pages: 45
...The Maritime Strategy of China in the Asia-Pacific Region Origins, Development and Impact HUANG, AN-HAO Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2009 School of Social and Political Sciences Faculty of Arts The University of Melbourne Produced on archival quality paper ABSTRACT This thesis aims to examine how and why a continental-oriented China has shifted its maritime strategic orientation and naval force structure from its coast toward the far seas in an era of interdependent international system. Generally, China is an ancient continental land power with an incomplete oceanic awareness. With the transformation after the Cold War of China’s grand strategy from landward security to seaward security, maritime security interests have gradually become the most essential part of China’s strategic rationale. Undoubtedly, the quest for sea power and sea rights has become Beijing’s main maritime strategic issue. Given China’s escalating maritime politico-economic-military leverage in the Asia-Pacific region, its desire to become a leading sea power embodying global strategic thinking means that it must expand its maritime strategy by developing its navy and preparing for armed confrontation in terms of international relations realism. Conversely, Beijing’s maritime policy leads at the same time towards globalization, which involves multilateralism and strategic coexistence of a more pragmatic kind. This research...
Words: 115996 - Pages: 464
...Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy University of Michigan IPC Working Paper Series Number 121 CHINA AND CAMBODIA: PATRON AND CLIENT? John D. Ciorciari June 14, 2013 1 CHINA AND CAMBODIA: PATRON AND CLIENT? By John D. Ciorciari * International Policy Center Working Paper No. 121 Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, University of Michigan June 14, 2013 Abstract In recent years, Cambodia has become one of China’s closest international partners and diplomatic allies. Cambodia’s recent support for China during multilateral talks on the South China Sea has demonstrated the strength of the partnership and led some critics to depict Cambodia as a Chinese “client state.” This paper examines the extent to which that label is valid. In its ideal form, a patron-client relationship entails an asymmetric exchange of benefits, typically including material support and protection from the stronger state and a degree of deference and political support from its weaker partner. This deference, which reduces the weaker state’s autonomy and often generates political backlash, is what makes governments reluctant to embrace client state status. This paper argues that the Sino-Cambodian relationship has strengthened largely because China has offered Cambodia’s governing elites a favorable bargain, providing extensive economic and political benefits without demanding costly forms of political fealty in return. That has begun to change, however. Cambodia’s governing elites have...
Words: 13509 - Pages: 55
...To what extent has China and India effected Japan`s economy between the years of 2009 -2014? Mejia Restoration. In ancient Japan the Tokugwa Period, commonly known as the Edo Period occurred between1603-1863. During this time economic and political stability was maintained in the country under the rule of the Shogunate (1). The Shogunate refers to a military style dictatorship, in which the Emperor granted high ranking military commanders the ability to control and wield power over Japan. The Tokugawa era, were considered to be the last of the shogun period in Japan To create social stability in Japan, the Shogun implemented a systematic plan, which separated the four main classes. Namely: The samurai (warriors) at the top, followed by farmers, artisans, and lastly peasants. The Shoguns were considered to be the bureaucrats of the country. In comparison the peasant class accounted for 80 % Japan’s population were restricted to engaging activities that were associated with agricultural and farming. The reason for this is that the Shogun wanted to ensure that those with authority and power were able to generate a stable source of income from their land, while leaving the peasants with little to survive on. The political stability of the Tokugawa period was under threat due to the colonial expansions of countries such as Portugal and Spain into Asia, via catholic missionaries (1). The reason why the Towkugwa Shogun`s feared catholic missionaries, was that they believe...
Words: 12662 - Pages: 51
...2009 REPORT TO CONGRESS of the U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 2009 Printed for the use of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.uscc.gov dkrause on GSDDPC29 with K1 VerDate Nov 24 2008 08:23 Nov 10, 2009 Jkt 052771 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6012 Sfmt 6602 M:\USCC\2009\52771.XXX APPS06 PsN: 52771 M:\USCC\USChina.eps Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 2. REPORT TYPE 01 NOV 2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009 ...
Words: 185166 - Pages: 741
