The Seven Organizational Approaches
HCA/220

Seven Organizational Approaches Health care has seven organizational approaches that are different methods that are used for viewing, as well as exploring the human body and gathering information about the human body. Each ones of these methods is a way that helps produce different ways of organizing information about the body and each of these methods produce different information. Each of these approaches are a way of describing the body. The organizational approaches are body planes and body directions, body cavities, quadrants and regions, anatomy and physiology, microscopic and macroscopic, body systems, and medical specialties. These organizational approaches will be explained and how they are used to study the human body, its systems, as well as how they are used in health care. The first organizational approach is body planes and body directions. Body planes and body directions are divided into three main parts and are referred to as planes. The coronal plane, which is also known as the frontal plane is the first plane. This divides the body into the front and the back. Which also is called the anterior section and the posterior section. The sagittal plane is the second plane that divides the body. The sagittal plane splits the body into the right plane and into the left plane. “By studying the sagittal plane, doctors are able to explore the reasons behind the lower back pain and alignment within the sagittal plane” (Jackson and McManus, 1994). The transvers plane is the third plane that body is divided into. The transvers plane divides the body into and top plane and into a bottom plane, also known as the superior plane and the inferior plane. The body directions represents how things move towards the different planes and moves away from different planes. The reason that studying the body in divided planes and different directions is valuable to health care is because you are dividing the body so that you can look at different planes. By having the ability to look at different planes, this helps identify conditions, diseases, and injuries. “By using an MR scan, the identification of a tumor within an 11 year-old girl’s brain and also helped develop the method of using tissue glue to keep the cortical mantel from collapsing when applied prior to corticotomy” (Leach, Howarth, Grigorakou, and Kamalyn-asl 2010). Another approach is body cavities. This approach is another approach that allows you to view the body. The area that is hollow and it is surrounded by bones and/or muscles that supports and protects the organs and the structures that are within is called a cavity. The body has five different cavities. The first cavity is the cranial cavity, which can be found within the cranium. The cranium contains cranial nerves, the brain, as well as other structures. The second cavity is the spinal cavity. The spinal cavity is also known as the spinal canal, is an extension of the cranial cavity. Which is found within the spinal columns bones and contains the spinal nerves and spinal cord. The third cavity is the thoracic cavity. The sternum surrounds the thoracic cavity anteriorly, posteriorly to the spinal column, laterally to the ribs and contains the mediastinum and the lungs. The mediastinum and ribs is the area that houses the esophagus, the heart, the trachea, and other structures as well. The fourth and fifth cavities are the abdominopelvic cavity. This cavity refers to the abdominal cavity, as well as the pelvic cavity. These cavities are not divided by a structure. These cavities contain the internal organs, abdominopelvic cavity, and the viscera. This approach is quadrants and regions. The abdominopelvic cavity is anteriorly divided into nine regions and four different quadrants. These quadrants are extremely helpful when a physical examination is being done. The first two quadrants are the left upper quadrant, which is abbreviated as LUQ and the right upper quadrant, which is abbreviated as RUQ. The next two quadrants are the left lower quadrant, which is abbreviated as LLQ and the right lower quadrant, which is abbreviated as RLQ. The vertical divider and the horizontal divider cross at the naval to create these quadrants. The anatomy and physiology approach, one of which would explore the anatomy and one of which explores the physiology. The anatomy is the actual structure of the human body. The physiology is the structures and the functions of the body. The microscopic and macroscopic approach is where the microscopic looks at the smallest cells of the body and the macroscopic is when the cells combined and divide to form tissues and to form muscle which are the macroscopic approach. The Body systems approach involves the various structures that need to work together in order to work sufficiently as one unit. These body systems range from the eyes to the GI system. The GI system is the gastrointestinal system.
The last organizational approach is the medical specialties approach. This approach studies the body. From medical specialties that includes physiology, anatomy, diagnosis and laboratory procedures, disease and conditions, surgical procedures, medical procedures, drugs for a specific part of the body system. Each department in a medical facility or hospital are named after these medical specialties.

References:
Turley, S. (2011). Medical Language (2nd ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection Database.
Leach, P. A., Howarth, S. P., S., Grigorakou, M., & Kamaly-asl, I. (2010). Use of tissue glue to prevent collapse of the cortical mantle during and after cranial surgery in children: A technical note. Acta Neurochirurgica, 152(5), 893-5. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-009-0349-7
Jackson, R.P., & McMnus, A.C. (1994, July). Radiographic Analysis of Sagittal Plane Alignment and Balance in Standing Volunteers and Patients with Low Back Pain Matched for Age, Sex, and Size: A Prospective Controlled Clinical Study.