...Mohammed Rafi 1 Mohammed Rafi Mohammad Rafi Background information Born Origin 24 December 1924 Kotla Sultan Singh, Punjab, British India Indian Died 31 July 1980 (aged 55) Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Genres Indian classical, ghazal, playback singing Occupations Hindi and Punjabi playback singer Instruments Vocalist Years active 1944–1980 Mohammad Rafi (Urdu: ,عیفر دمحمHindi: मोहम्मद रफ़ी; 24 December 1924 – 31 July 1980), was an Indian playback singer whose career spanned four decades.[1] He won a National Award and 6 Filmfare Awards. In 1967, he was honoured with the Padma Shri by the Government of India.[2] In a career spanning about 40 years, Rafi sang over 26,000 film songs.[3] His songs ranged from classical numbers to patriotic songs, sad lamentations to highly romantic numbers, qawwalis to ghazals and bhajans, and from slow melancholic tunes to fast and melodious fun filled songs. He had a strong command of Hindi and Urdu and a powerful range that could accommodate this variety.[4] He sang in many Indian languages including Hindi, Konkani, Urdu, Bhojpuri, Oriya, Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi, Sindhi, Kannada, Gujarati, Telugu, Maghi, Maithili and Assamese. He also recorded a few English, Persian, Spanish and Dutch songs. An article in Times of India, published on 24 July 2010 sums up his voice as, "If there are 101 ways of saying "I love you" in a song, Mohammed Rafi knew them all. The awkwardness of puppy love, the friskiness of teen romance, the philosophy of...
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...When we often talk about gender people may get it confuse with sex. They believe sex and gender are the same thing when they are completely different. Sex is biological meaning that there are biological things that differentiate us from being male and female, for example a male has a penis while a female has a vagina. Gender is more of a cultural thing meaning it is determined by society. Gender is a social set up of masculine and feminist traits. In the book “Beside Oneself: On the Limits of Sexual Autonomy” Judith Butler talks about how gender is performative, meaning that we learn how to do things like talk speak or walk in ways that it defines us as a man or a woman. I agree with her all of us do these things in a way that other people...
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...Killing us softly 3 & Dreamworlds 3 Review Killing Us Softly 3 This post-viewing guide is intended to deepen the audience’s critical engagement with the documentary film, Killing Us Softly III. It is targeted at women and men between the ages of 15-30 who are bombarded with advertisements every day. Possible ways that the guide might be used include: recognition of to the role of advertisement in American society and culture, research projects aimed at exploring discrimination against women and/or the role of advertisement in America, and finally, for pure reasons of interest. Kilbourne says that advertisements give the message that what is most important is how we look. We must spend time, energy and money on our outward appearance or else we are failures. Advertisements say that we can look a certain way if we try hard enough. However, the fact of the matter is that we all fail because there is no such thing as perfection. It is this kind of powerful message that influences self-esteem and also men’s perceptions on acceptable ways of treating women. Kilbourne argues that advertisements treat women as though they are objects. Advertisements have turned women’s bodies into objects such as beer cans and scissors. This method of turning a woman into a thing can be violence. She also states that advertisements portray women as not being fully human. For example, in many advertisements, only one part of the body is focused on, such as the rear, legs or breasts. Men do...
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...This article deals with a subject that is almost any company in Canada, and several other countries. It is obvious that among the recent years, the view of managers on women and men as leaders of business improved significantly. Women are increasingly treated equal to men in promotions and job offers. One way that women are becoming more active in pursuit of a better name for themselves in a given enterprise, it is with the help of "Mentors". These are people who can guide them better by giving them important advice and teaching them stuff they can be used for better view. "In a 2010 World Economics Forum Report on corporate practices for gender diversity in 20 Countries, 59% Of The Companies Surveyed Say THEY LED Internally offer mentoring and Networking Program, and 28% say THEY Have Women-specific programs." There is also another term, the "sponsorship". This is when the mentor uses his influence senior leaders to promote his "mentee". A survey was created to know why men who receive the "mentoring" are better than women who have the same benefits as them. The results showed that women are over-"mentored" compared to men then they do not get the time of sponsorship in return. They are often suspected it on their abilities as a leader or future director, making the leap to a higher level of mentoring more difficult. The data show that both sexes receive the same average amount of trading post, but men are still receiving more promotions in the field, up to 15% more....
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...that countries such as China and India prize their male children far above their females. Investigations have also shown that many parents in these countries have been illegally aborting these less desirable female children as a means of gender selection. As a result, it is estimated that there will be nearly 60 million more men of marriageable age in China than women by the year 2050. (The Economist, 2011) A recent technological development published in the Journal of the American Medical Association report that, “a new maternal blood test can determine a fetus’ sex as early as seven weeks into a pregnancy” (Ravitsky, 2011). Is it possible that this technology, in and of itself, can pose an ethical threat to humanity? Some are already saying that it does. One such critic is Vardit Ravitsky, an assistant professor in the bioethics program at the University of Montreal. She is also the editor of “The Penn Center Guide to Bioethics”. In her opinion piece published on CNN’s website, she asserts that this new technology is safer, less invasive, and more accurate than the options that are currently available to the public, making it much easier to use for non-medical purposes such as gender selection (Ravitsky, 2011). For the purpose of this assignment, the ethical implications of gender selection through the use of gender prediction tests during pregnancy will be discussed. My personal view concerning this topic is derived from a moral particularist as well as a deontological...
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...mate. Each pursuer looks for certain aspects of a potential mate. People analyze personal traits when looking for a mate, but the mating ritual is no longer simply based on instinct. Society's materialism and commercialism have complicated the search for love and companionship, which are spurred by a social need for love and marriage. Ovid's didactic work on "The Art of Love" is a comical and universal instruction guide on how to attract the opposite sex. In his instruction he stereotypes men and women in opposite ways and he makes generalizations that show how men and women are counterparts to each other. Ovid uses stereotypes to further the mocking tone of his criticism of the society that Augustus banished him from. The stereotypes seem to be ridiculous, but Ovid uses them because they are in actuality true. Ovid's advice to men and women is essentially to be manipulative and to please the other with lies and false intentions. He mocks the society that he lives in, and he even mocks some potential readers of his book. The people who he mocks most often are women as a sex. The entire point of The Art of Love is to instruct men on how to catch women, and to instruct women on how to let men catch them. His stereotypes obviously benefit the men, because he is trying to help men with their love lives. The first few lines of Book One are designed to manipulate the reader and gain credibility for Ovid. He calls himself "loves preceptor" (I.17) or love's teacher to ensure the reader...
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...C O L L E G E J O H N A V E N U E Z M I R A K Bashing Men on Campus N SEPTKMBER 23, USA TODAYpubMshed an editorial which should serve as a wake-up call to everyone who cares about American higher education. Pointing to a recent U.S. Department of Education study, the paper noted with alarm that across the country, "135 women receive bachelor's degrees for every 100 men. That gender imbalance will widen in the comingyears." As the paper warned, "This is ominous for every parent with a male child. The decline in college attendance means many will needlessly miss out on success in life. The loss of educated workers also means the country will be less able to compete economically. The social implications—women having a hard time finding equally educated mates—are already beginning to play out." USA Today cited some possible culprits for the increasing distaste young men are showing for college, pointing provisionally to our high schools, suggesting that perhaps "female teachers in elementary and middle schools, where male teachers are scarce, naturally enforce a girl-friendly environment that rewards students who can sit quietly—not a strong point for many boys, who earn poor grades and fall behind." One reader countered that in fact, "schedules, curriculum, social politics and teachingmethods have gone overboard to benefit girls" and other officially designated "protected groups"—which essentially amounts to anyone other than white males. In subsequent...
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...Aristophanes' speech comes in the form of a myth. Long ago, he explains, there were three genders: male, female, and androgynous, and each person was twice what they are now. That is, they had four hands, four legs, two heads, two sets of genitals, and so on. They could move both forward and backward and would run by spinning themselves around cartwheel-like on all eight limbs. Males were descended from the sun, females from the earth, and those who were androgynous were descended from the moon. They were very powerful and vigorous and made threatening attacks on the gods. The gods did not want to destroy them because they would then forfeit the sacrifices humans made to them, so Zeus decided to cut each person in two. He also suggested that if this didn't settle humans down, he would cut them in two once again and they would have to hop about on one leg. As each person was cut in two, Apollo turned their heads and necks around so that they would be facing toward the gash that had been made, so as to remind them constantly of the punishment they had been dealt. He also pulled their skin tight to cover up this gash, tying it together at the navel. Because they longed for their original nature, people kept trying to find their other half and reunite with it. When they found their other half, they would embrace and stay together, not wanting anything else. Eventually, people started dying of hunger or general inactivity. Zeus took pity on them, and moved their genitals...
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...Are Women Really Better At Teaching Than Men? This article is not meant to put down men in any way. Generally, there are reasons as to why one gender will be a lot better at a certain subject than another. Of course, there will be exceptions and a lot of the time it is important not to generalise. Most women may have certain qualities when it comes to teaching than men do, but the opposite is also true. The importance is finding a balance. Both genders can also learn from one another, and therefore it is important to take a look and see why certain traits are more prominent in one sex than the other. Below is a list of the stronger points that women seem to have when it comes to teaching. 1Caring Nature It is often thought by many that women will tend to have a more caring nature. In this way, it is true and can be very useful. The student needs someone that they can rely on, someone they feel will listen to them and whatever worries they have. Men can be a lot harder to approach on this subject, and therefore female teachers tend to be preferred in this regard. Of course, there are going to be exceptions but this would tend to be the general impression that many will leave behind. 2Empathy It is true that many more women will also appear more empathic than men do. This isn’t always the case, of course, but it is for the majority of teachers. Empathy is important when it comes to teaching, and therefore one must be able to emotionally connect with the students. Sussing...
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...Six Myths About Female Sexuality and Why They're Myths Never underestimate the female libido Published on July 3, 2012 by Susan Krauss Whitbourne, Ph.D. in Fulfillment at Any Age 0 inShare The year 2012 may be remembered less for apocalyptic endings (we hope) than for the apparent explosion of women’ssexuality in pop media. Magic Mike is becoming the runaway hit movie of the summer, and the book Fifty Shades of Grey is shaping up to rival Harry Potter at the top of all-time best seller lists. Social critics proclaim their surprise at this burst of female libido into popular consciousness. Despite what you may be led to believe, though, the truth is that women and men just aren’t that different when it comes to basic sex drives. Women are flocking to Magic Mike as do bachelorettes to a Chippendale party. However, this isn't the first movie to appeal to women's lustier tastes. Though the story line may be lighter than its 1997 predecessor, The Full Monty, both movies share a fascination with the male body in motion. The Full Monty did exceptionally well in the box office itself, becoming the top grossing film in the UK until the release of Titanic later in the year. Novels with female protagonists demanding that their sexual needs be fulfilled are not new either. We only have to think back to 1928’s Lady Chatterly’s Lover, written by D.H. Lawrence (and banned in its entirety until 1960), to realize that female sexuality has been the driving force behind the success of plenty...
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...Elizabeth Burke October 8, 2013 Gender Affecting Memory A great debate in psychology is whether gender affects memory. There has been a lot of controversy and research conducted to explain the question, does gender affect memory? After properly reviewing articles about this topic, I have concluded gender doesn’t affect memory but whether how memory is processed. Each gender has their own advantage when it comes to memory. Memory is processed differently between males and females. Women have better long term- episodic memory, while men have better long- term semantic memory. Due to verbal clues, women are more likely to remember events that are associated with emotions. These include weddings, birthday parties, or anniversaries. Due to visual clues, men are more likely to remember functions associated with tactics. These include traveling, trivia, and direction. For example, a man is more likely to able to find his way out of a forest than a woman. The size of the male and female brain differs. In a scan of the female brain, it was proven the limbic cortices, which regulates emotion, was larger. The limbic cortex also processes language. Women have neurons that are tightly packed. This allows faster communications to be made. The connections they make are more complex and sophisticated. This could explain why woman are better at multi- tasking. The scan showed the female brain has larger corpus callosum, which is bundle of nerves that ...
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...Unit 1 – Explorations in Poetry & Prose “The main interest is the male characters.” Both Jane Eyre and The Magic Toyshop present the reader with a rogues gallery of men who exhibit the worst, and occasionally the best, traits of their gender. To a modern feminist, the suggestion that both Jane and Melanie are defined by their experiences with these male characters would be a heresy, but there is little doubt that the males’ primary function is to provide the challenges that shape the emergent womanhood of the female protagonists. They are interesting because they are grotesque. Jane’s early experiences with men are physically and verbally abusive, highlighting Jane’s vulnerability as both orphan and young girl in a patriarchal society: ”Wicked and cruel boy --- You are like the Roman emperors! “ This comparison may seem exaggerated, even comical, were it not to show how John’s reign of terror impacts on a young child whose only frame of reference lies in the books she reads so avidly. These early experiences also reflect the connivance of women in men’s abusive behaviour towards other women, whether through defect of character or social conditioning. “John no-one thwarted, much less punished…” John’s mother indulges her wayward son just as she preconditions Mr Brocklehurst in his treatment of Jane by calling her a liar. Melanie too is quickly exposed to the brutishness of a dominant male, the extreme effects manifest in the symbolic and actual silencing of...
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...List of Works Consulted MLA STYLE “How-to” guide • There are many ways of setting out lists of works consulted (bibliographies). • The following are examples of MLA style, which is recommended by the Modern Language Association for preparing scholarly manuscripts and student research papers. • Visit the Modern Language Association web site on the MLA Style.. This site includes Frequently Asked Questions about MLA Style which includes basic information on citing internet sources. • For further information, see both: Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 4th ed. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1995. Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing. 2nd ed. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1998. NOTE: • • Before you compile your list of works consulted (bibliography) check with your lecturer/tutor for the bibliographic style preferred by the academic department to whom you are submitting your work. The MLA style requires all titles to be italicised or underlined. In this publication we have used the underline option. Check with your Department for the preferred option. • MLA requires that the start of each new entry must be flagged. You can use any of the following: 1. Hanging indents (ie 1st line set flush left with 2nd and subsequent lines indented) 2. Indent the first line only 3. A clear line space between each new entry (In this publication we have used hanging indents – option no.1...
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...ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research project would not have been possible without the support of many people. The authors wish to express their gratitude to the following individuals who generously offered help, invaluable assistance, support and guidance: The Almighty God, for giving the researchers the strength, courage and good health to carry out this study. Parents of the researchers, for their never-ending all out support morally and financially, for the encouragement that made the completion of this work possible; Mr. Paul Sherwind Belciña, the adviser, for being there, guiding the researcher and sharing his expertise and knowledge; Dr. Imelda Lagrito, the Chairman for the Social Behavioral Sciences, for assisting and permitting the researchers to conduct this study in the Department’s Psychotherapy Laboratory and for being one of the respectable panelists, for her intellectual advice and support in pursuing this research to its completion; Dr. Arlene Sotelo, the researcher’s thesis coordinator for her patience and understanding towards blemishes. To the panel members; Miss Najie B. Responte, Dr. Virginia P. Mollaneda, Dr. Araceli P. Villacarlos, and Dr. Louise Anne D. Librando for their valuable suggestions and intellectual advice for the refinement of this study; Dr. Leovigildo Manalo, the researcher’s statistician for sharing his knowledge and skills with the statistical procedure needed for the study. Dr. Renita Calago, Principal for the Elementary Department...
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...Difference between Male and Female Leadership Styles Abstract Leadership styles differences in men and women have been attributed to upbringing, gender, environment, and development. Women were determined to have faster brain development than men. Societal norms suggested being raised differently because of gender caused differences in leadership styles. Some studies concluded innate traits cause males to be more aggressive versus a female’s nurturing nature. Still, others claim environmental factors, more specifically a male dominated workplace, are responsible for the difference in how male and females’ leader. The issue is many women are not reaching the upper levels of management based on the perceived notions mentioned above. Is there one specific reason that causes the difference between male and female leadership styles? Is there one determining (controlled) factor to bring the two leadership styles to conformity? During the research process the causes of leadership style differences were explored in detail by the use of questionnaires, surveys, and interviews to ascertain what workers, at all levels, in the business community perceived to be the determining factor. Overall, these findings propose psychological or physiological differences in males and females as the cause of different styles when using uncontrolled factors. My choice of a methodological perspective as a qualitative research method, to include the use of surveys, questionnaires, and a group...
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