...McKinsey Global Institute May 2013 Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy The McKinsey Global Institute The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, was established in 1990 to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. Our goal is to provide leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on four themes: productivity and growth, the evolution of global financial markets, the economic impact of technology and innovation, and urbanization. Recent reports have assessed job creation, resource productivity, cities of the future, and the impact of the Internet. MGI is led by McKinsey & Company directors Richard Dobbs and James Manyika. Yougang Chen, Michael Chui, Susan Lund, and Jaana Remes serve as MGI principals. Project teams are led by a group of senior fellows and include consultants from McKinsey’s offices around the world...
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...THE TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM WORLD WIDE SUSTAINBALE TOURISM – A PRELUDE: Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the global economy. The developing countries are attempting to cash in on this expanding industry with the objective to boost their foreign investment and financial reserves. The uncontrolled growth of this industry can result in serious environmental and social problems. Organizations like the United Nations contend that such negative effects can be controlled and reduced. With the basic tenet that ‘TOURISM NEEDS TO BE MORE SUSTAINABLE', the world body ( WTO- world trade organization) organized a meeting with the UN Commission on Sustainable Development. This meeting aimed at bringing together national and local governments, the tourism industry, trade unions and activist groups to articulate the principles and the road map for the goal of sustainable tourism, which is popularly known as Ecotourism. OPPORTUNITIES ON THE WALL: If we consider the International travel statistics, it is clear that in 1950, from a 25 million tourists, it grew to a billion by 2012. 1 billion international tourists traveling the world in a single year. Around 5 billion more traveled domestically within their own countries. These tourists generated over US$ 1 trillion in exports for the countries they visited, which is close to 6% of the world’s exports of goods and services, and 30% of exports if we consider services alone. One in every 12 jobs worldwide...
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...Sustainable Energy Development With Focus on India A. N. Sarkar Senior Professor (International Business), Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, New Delhi, India Abstract Global climate change is inextricably linked with the enhanced build-up of greenhouse gases. Emissions- trading in the form of carbon credits or CERs is opening up a new vista of trade opportunities with prospect for gradual reduction of emissions particularly by the developed nations under Annexure-I categories. Various national and international programmes undertaken by the government and voluntarily by the non-government agencies have positively impacted on progressive reduction of emissions in many parts of the world. The paper highlights the emerging issues linked to the modalities of emission-trading, together with scope for developing sound accounting procedures for trading carbon credits. Paper discusses the opportunities for developing a sound marketing system of carbon credits with built-in efficiency in transactions, accountability and transparency in reporting systems with focus on India. Paper also GMJ,VOL 4,ISSUE 1 & 2, JANUARY - DECEMBER 2010 underlines the need to comply with the Global Accounting Standards, Tax Planning, access to Multi-commodity Exchange Market, certification, verification and enforcement procedures for proper execution of emission-trading initiatives aimed at achieving carbon neutrality. The aspects of Carbon management with focus on carbon neutrality, sustainable energy development...
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...support to the Committee, it does not fund the Committee’s donations nor does it make any political contributions itself. We are calling for change, sharing our expertise and co-operating with governments, companies and other partners. Our Business Principles encourage us to contribute to debates on policy issues that affect our business, our employees or the local communities where we operate. Our advocacy Climate change is one of the biggest challenges we face. We will continue to work with governments to help them set the policy frameworks to create market-based incentives – such as an effective cap-and-trade market for CO2 – that will contribute towards improving energy efficiency and support lower-carbon energy, including carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. We advise governments to use different policy instruments for different sectors. For heavy industry and the power sector we advocate an emissions trading systems combined with incentives for the rapid demonstration and deployment of new low-carbon technologies. Transport needs stringent vehicle efficiency targets and incentives for fuels with lower CO2emissions over their lifecycle, as well as measures to manage congestion and road use. Buildings and appliances...
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...our civilization has overextended the limits of the biosphere. The human mind is not used to dealing with novel global environmental threats such as pollution, plastic, chemicals, nuclear waste and greenhouse gases, because for millions of years these problems were not around. As citizens of the world, each of us is responsible for the health of our planet. Our choices and our actions contribute to the well-being or deterioration of the environment. ? While some countries have chosen to develop national-level strategies, Canada’s federal system of governance required an approach that acknowledged that many of the levers for promoting sustainable development are controlled by different levels of governments (e.g. municipalities, provinces, and territories). The FSDA (Federal Sustainable Development Act) articulates the Government of Canada’s long-term vision, goals, and targets, including its plans for reducing the federal government’s environmental footprint. Environmental sustainability and economic development can be considered contending imperatives. We are now seeing more and more concern for ‘sustainable development’ that “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” While a consumerist lifestyle is inevitable in a highly globalised society, careless consumption is something that can and should be curbed. Achieving sustainable economic growth...
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...McKinsey Global Institute May 2013 Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy The McKinsey Global Institute The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, was established in 1990 to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. Our goal is to provide leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on four themes: productivity and growth, the evolution of global financial markets, the economic impact of technology and innovation, and urbanization. Recent reports have assessed job creation, resource productivity, cities of the future, and the impact of the Internet. MGI is led by McKinsey & Company directors Richard Dobbs and James Manyika. Yougang Chen, Michael Chui, Susan Lund, and Jaana Remes serve as MGI principals. Project teams are led by a group of senior fellows and include consultants from McKinsey’s offices around the world. These teams draw...
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...Abstract This report aims to make a comparison of the Chinese and Indian power sector in terms of progress and reforms they have made to deal with their increasing demand requirements. The comparison of India was made with China because, India, when just independent, was much similar to China in terms of demographics and infrastructure availability. The power sectors of both the countries are studied and the differences are probed into. Much of these differences come in as a result of the way in which reform bodies were instituted and the reforms were carried out in both the countries. China has surged far ahead of India in its quest to satisfy the demand for power. Through this study, the authors wish to draw out the underlying methods through which China has achieved considerable success in power sector reforms. There are four ways in which China went ahead of India and which can be replicated in India. These are the way in which the power monolith was broken down in such a way that there was coordination among various bodies concerned, the way in which various projects were financed and approved through BOT, the way in which China has been emphasizing on production and conservation of power efficiently through market based incentives and the way in which it has been sensitive towards environmental issues by research and adoption of clean, less polluting technologies. The authors feel that these are the significant learnings, which one can take home and apply in India. ...
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...South Asian Economic Students Meet 2012 | Agenda for Greening the South Asian Economy | Potential Energy Saving Capabilities of Emerging Cities: A Case of Hyderabad | L. Sai Anurag 11/10/2012 | Essay Proposal Since gaining Independence, the Indian Subcontinent has been one of the most promising areas for development and has increasingly made its presence felt in the global economic scenario with rapid progress in both the manufacturing and the services sector. India is the second fastest growing economy in the world, with a GDP growth rate of 9.4 percent in the financial year 2006-07. However, due to the impact of the global recession the policy paralysis in the country growth rate had fallen to 5.3% in Q4 FY’12. Contraction is the manufacturing sector and the falling rupee has deteriorated India’s position further. The resultant impact of the initial rapid GDP growth has been an increase in the per capita GDP and also an increase in the income levels of both rural and urban households. Achieving this growth also meant a tremendous rise in the use of energy across all the sectors of the economy as well albeit at a slower pace. The major point of concern here is not the magnitude of energy driving this growth but the quality and structure of this energy growth. India has immensely contributed to the growth of the South Asian Economy by taking up economic reforms and giving a tremendous boost to industry. India’s favorable demographic mix, its abundance...
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...What is climate change? The Earth's climate has changed over the last century. Increases in average temperatures have been seen around the globe and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed in the last 50 years is due to human activities. While climate change is a global issue, it will affect us all. Climate change has the potential to adversely affect our environment, our communities and our economy unless we take action now to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions and prepare for the impacts. Climate change will alter global and local climates. In Victoria, this means a warmer and drier future, with an increasing likelihood of more extreme events such as heatwaves, bushfires and storm surges. Climate change is the greatest threat facing our planet today. A warming planet alters weather patterns, water supplies, seasonal growth for plants and a sustainable way of life for us and the world’s wildlife. Climate change has already started, but it’s not too late to take action. There’s still time for us all to be part of the solution. A continuous flow of energy from the sun heats the Earth. Naturally occurring gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases – this includes carbon dioxide (CO2) - , trap this heat like a blanket, keeping the Earth at an average of 15 degrees Celsius – warm enough to sustain life. The overuse of fossil fuels is increasing CO2 in the atmosphere, trapping more and more heat and warming the Earth. As a result, we’re...
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...EMERGING TECHNOLOGY: AGRICULTURAL AND ANIMAL WASTE TO ENERGY Kathleen Cimino, Kimberly Andros, Teresa Bartley NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT University of Maryland University College Spring 2009 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Waste to energy definition/history/uses 1.2 Agricultural / Animal waste production 1.3 Graph, chart, quantities produced in United States, etc.. 2.0 Conversion of w2e 2.1 Conversion Pathways 2.1.1 Thermochemical 2.1.2 Biochemical 2.1.3 Physico-chemical 2.2 Factors affecting energy recovery 3.0 Agricultural Residue 3.1 Introduction to residue 3.2 What is it 3.3 Where is it produced 3.4 What is role in environment 3.4.1 Environmental risks 3.4.2 Health risks 3.5 Conversion of agricultural residue to energy 3.5.1 Process 3.5.2 Risks 3.5.3 Benefits 3.5.4 Future as energy source 4.0 Animal Wastes 4.1 Introduction to animal waste 4.2 What is animal waste comprised of 4.3 Where is it produced 4.4 What is its role in environment 4.4.1 Environmental risks 4.4.2 Health risks Table of Contents (Cont’d) 4.5 Conversion of animal waste to energy 4.5.1 Process 4.5.2 Risks 4.5.3 Benefits 4.5.4 Future as Energy source 5.0 Processes/Regulations/Technology 5.1 Availability of w2e facilities, costs 5.2 Technological benefits/risks 5.2.1 Other information on technology of w2e, production, transportation, environmental implications 5.3 Regulation governing...
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...EMERGING TECHNOLOGY: AGRICULTURAL AND ANIMAL WASTE TO ENERGY NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT University of Maryland University College Spring 2009 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Waste to energy definition/history/uses 1.2 Agricultural / Animal waste production 1.3 Graph, chart, quantities produced in United States, etc.. 2.0 Conversion of w2e 2.1 Conversion Pathways 2.1.1 Thermochemical 2.1.2 Biochemical 2.1.3 Physico-chemical 2.2 Factors affecting energy recovery 3.0 Agricultural Residue 3.1 Introduction to residue 3.2 What is it 3.3 Where is it produced 3.4 What is role in environment 3.4.1 Environmental risks 3.4.2 Health risks 3.5 Conversion of agricultural residue to energy 3.5.1 Process 3.5.2 Risks 3.5.3 Benefits 3.5.4 Future as energy source 4.0 Animal Wastes 4.1 Introduction to animal waste 4.2 What is animal waste comprised of 4.3 Where is it produced 4.4 What is its role in environment 4.4.1 Environmental risks 4.4.2 Health risks Table of Contents (Cont’d) 4.5 Conversion of animal waste to energy 4.5.1 Process 4.5.2 Risks 4.5.3 Benefits 4.5.4 Future as Energy source 5.0 Processes/Regulations/Technology 5.1 Availability of w2e facilities, costs 5.2 Technological benefits/risks 5.2.1 Other information on technology of w2e, production, transportation, environmental implications 5.3 Regulation governing w2e 6.0 Recommendations 6.1 Policy recommendations/guidelines...
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...Entry/Exit 9 Technology/Innovation 9 Product Characteristics 10 Scale Economies 10 Experience Curve Effects 11 Capacity Utilization 11 Industry Profitability 11 III. Six Forces of Competition 11 Force 1: Buyer Bargaining Power 12 Force 2: The Threat of Substitutes 12 Force 3: Supplier Power 12 Force 4: Rivalry among Existing Firms 12 Force 5: The Threat of Entry 13 Force 6: Relative Power of Other Stakeholders 13 IV. Competitive Position of Major Companies and Competitor Analysis 14 Royal Dutch Shell 15 ExxonMobil 17 British Petroleum 19 Chevron 20 Total 22 ConocoPhillips 24 V. Key Success Factors 26 Oil Demand 26 Prices 26 Technological Advancements 27 Maintaining Partnerships 27 Industry Matrix 28 VI. Industry Prospects and Overall Attractiveness 28 Trends 28 Potential Threats 29 VII. Conclusion 29 References 31 I. Introduction and Background What is crude oil? Crude oil is a dark, sticky liquid which, scientifically speaking, is classified as a hydrocarbon. This means crude oil is a compound containing carbon and hydrogen, with or without non metallic elements such as oxygen and sulfur. Crude oil is highly flammable and can be burned to create energy. Along with its sister hydrocarbon, natural gas, derivatives from crude oil make an excellent fuel. As a fuel, oil was originally used as kerosene for lighting, replacing animal, vegetable and coal oils. It also came to be used in furnaces....
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...Energy Chapter 13 Section 13-1 WHAT IS NET ENERGY AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? Basic science: Net energy is the only energy that really counts • The usable amount of high-quality energy available from a given quantity of an energy resource is its net energy yield: the total amount of useful energy available from an energy resource minus the energy needed to make it available to consumers. • We can express net energy as the ratio of energy produced to the energy used to produce it. As the ratio increases, the net energy also rises. When the ratio is less than 1, there is a net energy loss. Net energy ratios for various energy systems over their estimated lifetimes differ widely Fig. 13-2a, p. 301 Fig. 13-2b, p. 301 Fig. 13-2c, p. 301 Fig. 13-2d, p. 301 Energy resources with low or negative net energy need help to compete in the marketplace • Any energy resource with a low or negative net energy ratio cannot compete in the open marketplace with other energy alternatives with higher net energy ratios unless it receives financial support from the government (taxpayers) or other outside sources of funding. – For example, the low net energy yield for the nuclear power fuel cycle is one reason why many governments throughout the world must heavily support nuclear power financially to make it available to consumers at an affordable price. Section 13-2 WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS? Fossil fuels supply most of...
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...Economic Revival June 2012 June 2012 © Confederation of Indian Industry Copyright © 2011 by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in, or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. CII has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of information presented in this document. However, neither CII nor any of its office bearers or analysts or employees can be held responsible for any financial consequences arising out of the use of information provided herein. However, in case of any discrepancy, error, etc., same may please be brought to the notice of CII for appropriate corrections. Published by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), The Mantosh Sondhi Centre; 23, Institutional Area, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003 (INDIA), Tel: +91-11-24629994-7, Fax: +91-11-24626149; Email: info@cii.in; Web: www.cii.in Confederation of Indian Industry The Mantosh Sondhi Centre 23, Institutional Area , Lodi Road, New Delhi – 110 003 Tel.: 011-24621874, 24629994-97 : Fax: 011-24626149 Website:www.cii.in Edited, printed and published by: Chandrajit Banerjee, Director General, CII on behalf of Confederation of Indian Industry from The Mantosh Sondhi Centre, 23, Institutional Area, Lodi Road, New Delhi –110 003 Tel: 91-11-24629994-7 Fax: 91-11-24626149 email:...
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...Acknowledgement At first we would like to thank Mr. Hanif Mahtab for giving us the support, courage, and opportunity to work on this business plan. We are also grateful to those people without whom it would have been quite impossible for us to continue preparing this entire report. During our preparation we overcome some major difficulties and enjoyed our each and every moment on making this business plan. All of our group members were really co-operative. We had done library work, survey and web searching and came to understand many events in preparing this business plan. Executive Summary HAMKO is also a pioneer Battery Components and Chemical manufacturer serving and supporting other battery companies of the country. We are intending to introduce online merchandised on HAMKO for selling products online for the mobility of consumer. With just a click of the mouse, shoppers can buy nearly any product online -- from groceries to cars, from insurance policies to home loans. The world of electronic commerce, also known as e-commerce, enables consumers to shop at thousands of online stores and pay for their purchases without leaving the comfort of home. For many, the Internet has taken the place of Saturday afternoon window shopping at the mall. Consumers expect merchants to not only make their products available on the Web, but to make payments a simple and secure process. Our expected market share will grow most rapidly in the first 5 years then stabilize after 8 to...
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