...of this report is to make a recommendation on whether Tiger Airways can remain a profitable business in Australia. Tiger Airways Australia, incorporated on 19 March 2007,is a subsidiary of the Singapore based Tiger Airways Holdings, which is partly owned by Singapore Airlines and commenced its inaugural flights in Australia on 23 Nov 2007. Currently, Tiger Airways flies to 13 destinations from its main hub in Melbourne and operates 10 aircrafts (tigerairways.com, 2011). Between the weeks ending 3 February 2007 & 17 February 2007, the market share of internet visits to Tiger Airways more than doubled to gain 2.81% of the commercial airlines industry (Hanchard S, 2007). Refer to appendix I. The combination of Tiger Airways aggressive low cost strategy and internet booking options make it attractive to consumers. The airline operates as a low cost carrier. A low cost carrier (LCC) is any airline that does not provide a range of services, charges low fares, offers a single class of service, offers electronic booking system, uses a common fleet of aircraft and maximises its use of factors of production (Button, K& Ison, S 2008). The report covers a detailed analysis of the economic performance of Tiger Airways including its Financial ratios for the year end 2010 and 2011 and an analysis of the current issues/problems like safety, management issues, Queensland flood on Tiger Airways performance including competition from Qantas Group (Jetstar, Qantas, Qantaslink), Virgin...
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...An analysis of two of the main environmental impacts of global warming and an evaluation of two recent solutions to this problem. Contents page Introduction- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Causes of global warming- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 Environment impacts- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Increasing cyclones and flood risks- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Changing marine biodiversity- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 Other impacts- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -10 Latest solutions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -10 CO2 absorption- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 Renewable energies- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11 Other solutions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -12 Evaluate the two latest solutions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13 Summary- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -13 Reference list- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 Introduction Global warming has become one of the most challenging problems in the world today. This is the observed...
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...AS GEOGRAPHY UNIT 1 WORLD AT RISK WORLD AT RISK GLOBAL HAZARDS Hazard – Potential threat to human life or property Natural Hazards – Caused by natural processes e.g. lava flow from volcanic eruption Hydro-meteorological Hazards – Caused by climatic processes (droughts, floods, tropical cyclones and storms Geophysical Hazards – Caused by land processes (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes) Disaster – When a hazard seriously affects humans Risk – Likelihood that humans will be seriously affected by a hazard Vulnerability – How susceptible a population is to the damage caused by a hazard. Disaster Risk Equation Risk (R) – Hazards (H) * Vulnerability (V) / Capacity to Cope (C) Risk increases if: * Frequency or severity of hazards increase * People vulnerability increase * Capacity to cope decreases (Capacity to cope is the ability to deal with the consequences of a hazard) e.g. people in remote areas are further from help in central areas, so have lower capacity to cope) * Global Warming – greatest global hazard * Recent increase in average global temp – climate change * Causes other types of climate change * Context hazard – global in scale (affects all parts of environment) – potential to trigger other hazards or make them worse * Chronic Hazard (Long term) * People who aren’t causing the problem are mostly affected * Difficult to find solutions * Hydro-meteorological hazards becoming more frequent ...
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...W110355 QUESTION: Outline one approach to disaster management. Critically discuss its applicability to an emergency situation. On every part of the globe at one time and another, disasters have occurred, be they natural or human induced. This essay would define disaster and within its numerous approaches, the paper would zero in, on the approach of the community based disaster management (CBDM). It would proceed to examine the applicability of this approach to emergency situations in 5 dimensions which are the environment, social, economic, physical and political. It would be interesting to note the extent of the applicability of this approach as it may vary from place to place due to the dynamics involved in emergency situations. An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment. According to Twigg ( 2007 ), disaster is defined as the occurrence of an extreme hazard event that impacts on vulnerable communities, causing substantial damage, disruption and possible causalities, and leaving the affected communities unable to function normally without outside assistance. CBDM thus came into play as another panacea in disaster reduction. Community based disaster management is a bottom-up approach, that was cemented in 2005 Hyogo Declaration. This is a commitment by Governments to its citizens. 2005 Hyogo Declaration spells out CBDM, as strengthening community level capacities to reduce disaster risk and at the local level is...
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...Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that increases temperature of the earth’s surface (Australian government). However, according to the investigations, human activities enhanced the greenhouse activities, making it worse. So our climate change is due to the increasing human activities, global industrialization which ejects huge amount of carbon emissions. Human activities enhance greenhouse effect that causes widespread heave rainfalls in the northern Hemisphere during the last 50 years (Minetal, as cited in Allan, 2011).The rising temperature is disrupting every aspect in our life and the whole ecosystem. This climate change affects atmospheric and ocean circulations and brings many hazards to the earth, such as widespread drought, flood and tsunami. As we considered climate change, we need consider the common good for all the humans on the earth. The common good refers to the total living conditions which can enable individuals to get the achievement which enables people to achieve humanity (google), whereas climate change is a serious issue that is eliminating human living resouces in many aspects. As we mentioned above, climate change can cause many negative effects, such as ecosystem disruption will lead to increasing of poverty. The refugees have to migrate from their host country because of the environmental catastrophe. This migration may contribute new issues to the other countries. So it is an initiate problem should be considered because it threatens our life...
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...Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that increases temperature of the earth’s surface (Australian government). However, according to the investigations, human activities enhanced the greenhouse activities, making it worse. So our climate change is due to the increasing human activities, global industrialization which ejects huge amount of carbon emissions. Human activities enhance greenhouse effect that causes widespread heave rainfalls in the northern Hemisphere during the last 50 years (Minetal, as cited in Allan, 2011).The rising temperature is disrupting every aspect in our life and the whole ecosystem. This climate change affects atmospheric and ocean circulations and brings many hazards to the earth, such as widespread drought, flood and tsunami. As we considered climate change, we need consider the common good for all the humans on the earth. The common good refers to the total living conditions which can enable individuals to get the achievement which enables people to achieve humanity (google), whereas climate change is a serious issue that is eliminating human living resouces in many aspects. As we mentioned above, climate change can cause many negative effects, such as ecosystem disruption will lead to increasing of poverty. The refugees have to migrate from their host country because of the environmental catastrophe. This migration may contribute new issues to the other countries. So it is an initiate problem should be considered because it threatens our life...
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...AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT – PRODUCTIVITY COMMISSION Economic Structure and Performance of the Australian Retail Industry Bicycle Industries Australia Ltd Suite 324, 1 Queens Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Bicycle Industries Australia Ltd (BIA) represents bicycle manufacturers, importers and wholesalers within Australia. The BIA was formed with the expressed aims; • • To foster the interests of the Australian Bicycle Industry To promote sound and ethical trading and commercial practices The Australian bicycle industry comprises approximately 500 importers, manufacturers and wholesalers, along with approximately 1000 specialised retail stores. The BIA is a member of the Fair Imports Alliance (FIA). As a member of the FIA we support all points of discussion which has been raised through the joint submission. Further to the points which have been raised within the FIA discussion paper, the BIA would like to raise issues more specific to the operations of the industry. Page 2 of 16 Bicycle Industries Australia Ltd. – Response to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into Economic Structure and Performance of the Australian Retail Industry IMPACT ON THE AUSTRALIAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY The Australian bicycle industry has been hit extremely hard by international online trading. The industry in 2007 directly employed over 6000 people through specialised bicycle distributors and retailers, and many more through large chain stores and associated businesses including transport ...
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...Australia’s Dynamic Water Industry Fostering excellence in water management About this publication Australia has a unique water challenge. Increasing variability in extreme climate conditions has required governments, industry and citizens to prioritise water management. This focus has led to distinctive approaches, changes in governance, behavioural change and technology innovation. Australia’s experience and approach to addressing water management challenges is regarded as among the most progressive in the world. This publication has been prepared by the Australian Water Association, with the support of the Australian Trade Commission (Austrade), the Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research (DIISR ), waterAUSTR ALI A and industry partners to illustrate some of the innovative solutions developed by Australian business and research groups that have built resilience to water management by urban, agricultural and industrial sectors across Australia. June 2011 (10-11-92) Disclaimer This publication has been prepared as a general overview. It is not intended to provide an exhaustive coverage of water innovation in Australia. The information is made available on the understanding that the Australian Trade Commission (Austrade), the Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research and the Australian Water Association (the parties) are not providing professional advice. Therefore, while all care has been taken in the preparation of the report...
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...evacuation tools, the demand for ambulance is increasing rapidly. However, not everyone is suitable for handling ambulances. This study explores the qualities and characteristics individuals ought to have to become a successful ambulance volunteer, and provides recommendations for ambulance organizations on how to hire the appropriate personnel. All data and findings used in this report are obtained from official websites and academic journals. 2.0 Findings According to Shylen (2008), the demand for ambulance services is increasing dramatically in Australia, but the number of ambulance volunteers is gradually decreasing, with obvious drop-offs in numbers certain volunteer positions. These positions need a large amount of new employees. The qualities and characteristics the volunteers should have are listed as follows. 2.1 Courage Due to the dangerous nature of ambulance volunteer duties, courage is one of the most significant characteristics that are required for a volunteer. Despite saving the lives of people suffering for medical reasons, ambulance services also need to excel in public safety emergencies such as natural disasters. There is no...
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...Market Feasibility Report. Australian Wild Tuna, in the Thai market. Table of Contents Introductions4 Executive summary4 Introduction4 Sam’s Australian Wild Tuna Pty Ltd4 Internationalizing a Product1 Advantages5 Disadvantages6 Economic Environment6 Socio-Cultural Environment7 Social Prestige7 Daily Life8 Buddhism8 Swot Analyses9 Strengths9 Weaknesses10 Opportunities10 Threats10 Market Feasibility11 References11 Market Feasibility Report Executive Summary The following report analyses the market feasibility of the developing country of Thailand for Australian Wild Southern Blue Fin Tuna, for an organisation named Sam’s ‘Australian Wild Tuna Pty Ltd’. Global economic integration is battled by disadvantages such as risking large dedications of resources are discussed for internationalisation of a product in general. As the economy is seen to be growing but a great fallen yield in the Thai fishery market, the window of opportunity to infiltrate such a successful market in the world is crucial yet to do this the correct social prestige in the way business should be conducted, how the product impacts daily life and the Buddhist culture amongst the Thai is explored for essential prior-knowledge. Major Strengths and opportunities are found to outweigh weaknesses and threats in order for a concluding that the market is feasible for Australian Wild Tuna if applying the correct knowledge and accommodating for the different economy and socio-cultural environments...
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...Introduction Farming Organic Grain Growers Association is a food processing organization situated in Balranald Australia and gluten free preservative free ‘Healthy Muesli’ breakfast cereal is the item for consumption introduced by the organization for this marketplace and it is determined on nourishment and consumers vigorous life choices. This analysis will show in today’s competitive market environment it is necessary to have a deep understanding about the market structure and environment before launching any new product or even to retain the existing product line in today’s highly vigorous market place. In analysing the market this will explain the significance to understanding the 6 major forces of the macro-environment factors as these factors can create a major impact on the company’s performance and they can also help increase the competition in the market as well. In today’s rapidly growing business environment and with other factors like technology, the socio-economic issues and demographics impacts are continuously compelling the business world to adapt them and Farming Organic Grain Growers Association will need to adapt in order to cope with all the changes that are taking place in their macro environment. Demographics The preliminary investigation was determined on six confined macro environment factors that could potentially influence the sales of the product. The factors in support of the promotion of the manufactured goods gluten free preservative free ‘Healthy...
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...Research Response Paper What will be the environmental, sociopolitical, and economic impacts of 21st century climate change? * Environmental * A springtime “ozone hole” has developed in the last 30 years over Antarctica (Mann 30) * Without an ozone layer, unhealthy levels of UV radiation would reach Earth’s surface, making the planet largely uninhabitable (Mann 30) * Basic theoretical considerations as well as detailed climate-model simulations indicate a likely increase in the average intensity of tropical cyclones and hurricanes in all major formation basins (Mann 56) * We know that mountain glaciers over the world are disappearing, and that this disappearance is generally related to increased melting due to warmer atmospheric temperatures (Mann 58) * The combination of decreased summer precipitation and increased evaporation due to warming surface temperatures is predicted to lead to a greater tendency for drought in many regions (Mann 90) * Other likely impacts of climate change over the next century include increases in extreme weather phenomena, and rising sea levels due to melting ice and warming of the oceans (Mann 90) * Sea level is predicted to rise because water expands as it warms, and melting ice is also likely to have a major impact on the sea level (Mann 98) * Coastal regions will be subject to increased exposure to flood and storm damage, more intense coastal surges, and altered patterns of coastal...
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...MKT01760 Tourism Planning Environments Assignment 2 – Proposal for preparation of a tourism plan or policy Due Date: Week 8 Position Statement “Climate change is one of the most significant challenges facing tourism today. Australia’s tourism industry, like all sectors, contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. The industry is also susceptible to climate change impacts, with some of Australia’s most iconic natural attractions and World Heritage Areas particularly sensitive to changes in climate conditions” (Australian Government website, 2010). “Tourism is fundamental to Australia’s economy. The direct GDP contribution of the tourism industry was $38.9 billion in 2006-07. However, many of these tourism-related goods and services contribute to significant GHG emissions. (Tourism Australia, 2008). As stated by Tourism Queensland, 2009, “internationally and domestically our competitors are gearing up so they can promote themselves as climate friendly destinations. Queensland must act if we are to be competitive”. They have also stated ways to make this a reality. Some actions include: Promote environmentally responsible and safe use of your product/service to visitors; monitor the sustainability performances of main competitors; pursue a carbon neutral option for your product or service. Tourism Queensland was established in 1979 (Tourism Queensland, 2009), Tourism Queensland is a statutory body under the...
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...and Australia) and between 2 oceans (Pacific and Indian oceans). Furthermore, Indonesia also the largest archipelago in the world, which consist of 13466 islands, where Java, Sumatera, Kalimantan (Borneo), Sulawesi and Papua (Irianjaya) are the big and main island in Indonesia. By having strategic geographical location and condition, Indonesia have very wide forest land even Indonesia known as the country with the largest tropical forest in the world after Brazil and Zaire. There are many function of forests in our life, forest becomes valuable factor to human survival as well as the life of flora and fauna. Forest can absorb carbon dioxide that is harmful for human life and produce oxygen which indispensable to humankind. Just imagine if all our forest destroyed or damaged, where we will get the clean and fresh air ??. Furthermore, forest also as water storage in big volume, rain water that fall to the earth will be stored in the roots of trees, these benefits are felt when rainy season, the forest can be used as flood control and it is also during summer or dry season where many dry land can be streamed. Lately, forest and plantation fires become major issue in Indonesia and government announce it as national disaster. Forest and plantation fires occur every year in Indonesia, particularly during long dry or summer season between April to October. Forest fire are uncontrolled process of burning forest, it can happen cause of human factor and naturally cause. Impact of...
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...anomalously warm ocean water temperatures that periodically develop off the pacific coast of South America. Extreme climate change pattern oscillations fluctuated weather across the Pacific Ocean which results in fluctuating droughts, floods, and crop yields in varying regions of the world. There is a phase of 'El Nino–Southern Oscillation' (ENSO), which refers to variations in the temperature of the surface of the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean and in air surface pressure in the tropical western Pacific. The two variations are coupled: the warm oceanic phase, El Nino, accompanies high air surface pressure in the western Pacific, while the cold phase, La-Nina accompanies low air surface pressure in the western Pacific. Mechanisms that cause the oscillation remain under study. Developing countries dependent upon agriculture and fishing, particularly those bordering the Pacific Ocean, are the most affected. El-Nino is Spanish for "the boy", and the capitalized term El Nino refers to the Christ child, Jesus, because periodic warming in the Pacific near South America is usually noticed around Christmas. The first signs of an El Nino are: 1. Rise in surface pressure over the Indian Ocean, Indonesia and Australia. 2. Fall in air pressure over Tahiti and the rest of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. 3. Trade winds in the south Pacific weaken or head east. 4. Warm air rises near Peru, causing rain in the northern Peruvian...
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