...capable of replacing whichever metal is beneath it in a single displacement reaction. The distance between the two metals has a correlation with the slow execution of the reaction as the closer the elements are on the series the slower the reaction takes place. Since zinc is the metal in the compound zinc nitrate, it being two elements below magnesium insures that a reaction will occur at a slower pace. For this same reason lead cannot react with zinc nitrate because zinc is above it in the activity series. 2. What kinds of indication did sodium iodide have with silver nitrate to confirm that this is a double displacement reaction?...
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... | Graded Assignment Lab Report Answer the questions below. When you have finished, submit this assignment to your teacher by the due date for full credit. (8 points) |Score | | | 1. Part 2: Single-Displacement Reactions: For each four single-displacement reaction, describe what happened in each well. If a chemical reaction occurred, write a balanced equation for it. Then use the A, B symbols to write a general equation for a single-displacement reaction. Here are the chemical formulas of the reactants for each reaction: • zinc – Zn copper sulfate – CuSO4 • aluminum – Al copper sulfate – CuSO4 • zinc – Zn silver nitrate – Ag(NO3) • copper – Cu silver nitrate – Ag(NO3) Answer: (8 points) |Score | | | 2. Part 3: Double-Displacement Reactions: For each double-displacement reaction, describe what happened in each well, including the colors of any products that formed. If a chemical reaction occurred, write a balanced equation for it. Then use the A, B symbols to write a general equation for a double-displacement reaction. Here are the chemical formulas of the reactants for each reaction: • sodium chloride – NaCl copper sulfate – CuSO4 • sodium hydroxide – NaOH copper sulfate – CuSO4 • sodium phosphate – Na3PO4 copper sulfate – CuSO4 ...
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...balanced in order to satisfy the law of conservation of matter, which states that in a closed system matter is neither created nor destroyed. 5. A + B AB A synthesis reaction is a type of reaction in which multiple reactants combine to form a single product. 6. AB A + B A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds. 7. A + BC AC + B A single displacement reaction is when one element replaces another in a compound. (a metal replaces meta and a nonmetal replaces nonmetal) 8. AB + CD AD + CB A double displacement reaction is when the ions in the two compounds exchange bonding partners, usually written in the form. 9. Exothermic Reaction: reaction that releases energy (feels hot). Energy released by making new bonds outweighs energy required to break old bonds. 10. Endothermic Reaction: reaction that absorbs energy (feels cold). Energy required to break old bonds outweighs energy released by making new bonds. 11. Double Displacement 12. Double Displacement/ Synthesis 13. Single Displacement 14. Single Displacement 15. Decomposition 16. Single Displacement 17. Synthesis 18. Synthesis 19. (aq) aqueous is a solution (s) solid...
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...odor, and precipitation. There are 5 different types of chemical reactions: synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, and combustion. A chemical reaction has to be balanced because of the law of conservation of mass. Conservation of mass is mass neither created nor destroyed. The product has to be the same amount of substances as the reactants. II Purpose The purpose of this lab is to observe different typed of chemical reactions. III Data / Observations Reaction #1: 2Mg + O2 2MgO Synthesis * Burning magnesium metal turns it into an ultraviolet light while on fire. Product is a white powder. Reaction #2: Mg + HCl MgCl2 + H2 Single displacement * When magnesium was added to HCl, it started to bubble and the test tube became hot. When a flame lit on a wooden splint was added it made a loud pop sound. Reaction #3: (NH4)2 + CO3 (NH4)2 + CO3 Decomposition * Ammonium carbonate was added into a test tube and heated up it up with fire. After adding a piece of litmus paper a strong odor was released. The litmus paper turned from a color pink to a color of blue. Reaction #4: CaCo3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2CO3 Double displacement * When HCl was added to calcium carbonate it began to fizz. When fire was added, a milky smoke was produced and released. Reaction #5: Zn + CuCl2 ZnCl2 + Cu2 Single displacement * 2 mL of .5 m copper (II) chloride solution went into a test tube. Thenn 2 pieces of mossy zinc...
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...“See Page 138-139 in the textbook”. Observations: Reaction A: had a reaction of Incomplete Combustion. When you put the Copper (penny) into Nitric Acid a red gas was formed. Reaction B: had a reaction of Double Displacement. When the Copper Nitrate was mixed with Sodium hydroxide and the water a solid/paste was formed. Copper (II) Nitrate and Sodium Hydroxide produces Copper (II) Hydroxide and Sodium Nitrate Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ( Cu(OH)2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq) Reaction C: had a reaction of Incomplete Combustion. When the paste was heated a black precipitate was formed. Copper (II) Hydroxide reacts with heat to form Copper (II) Oxide and Water. ∆HEAT Cu(OH)2 ( CuO(s) + H2O(l) Reaction D: had a reaction of Double Displacement. When we added Sulfuric Acid to the Copper mixture it fizzed and bubbled. When we started to stir it, it turned light blue. Copper (II) Oxide plus Sulfuric Acid forms Copper (II) Sulfate and Water CuO(s) + H2SO4(aq) ( CuSO4(aq) + H2O(l) Reaction E: had a reaction of Single Displacement. Once you stirred the graduated zinc metal for a while to the Sulfuric Acid mixed with Copper the Copper turns Zinc into Copper. Graduated Zinc metal plus Copper (II) Sulfate produces Zinc Sulafte and Copper...
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...completely different but common classification scheme recognizes four major reaction types: (1) combination or synthesis reactions (2) decomposition reactions (3) substitution or single replacement reactions (4) metathesis or double displacement reactions The Four Major Types of Reactions Name General Reaction Pattern Combination or synthesis A + B ----> AB Decomposition AB ----> A + B Substitution or Single Replacement A + BC ----> B + AC Metathesis or Double Displacement AB + CD ----> AD + CB Combination or Synthesis Reactions Two or more reactants unite to form a single product. S + O2 ---------> SO2 sulphur oxygen sulphur dioxide 2 S + 3 O2 ---------> 2 SO3 sulphur oxygen sulphur trioxide 2 Fe + O2 ---------> 2 FeO iron oxygen iron (II) oxide Decomposition Reactions A single reactant is decomposed or broken down into two or more products. CaCO3 ----------> CaO ...
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...As the pump handle pushes the piston to the right a positive pressure will be created in right part which closes check valve since oil is trapped it escapes to left side when pressure is great enough to open main check valve Now that the oil is side left the pressure on that side is still great enough to open check valve left. Power-driven pumps Power pumps are generally driven by the aircraft engine and may also be electric-motor drive and Power pumps are classified according to the type of pumping action used and may be either the gear type or piston type. Power pumps can be further classified as constant displacement or variable displacement. Types of pumps Gear-Type Power...
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...We recently did two labs where we were given the task of observing single-replacement and double-replacement reactions. This paper has background information on the different types of chemical reactions, as well as the chemistry behind the two reactions we observed in lab. A chemical reaction is a process that is characterized by a chemical change in which the reactants (starting products) are different from the products. Chemical reactions involve the breaking of old bonds and the formation of new bonds. They can result in the formation of precipitates, changes in color, production or absorption of heat, or formation of gas bubbles. Chemical reactions can be placed in the following five categories: (i) synthesis (ii) decomposition...
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...that releases chemical energy. Batteries and explosives are other examples of objects that contain stored chemical energy. There are six basic types of chemical reactions: combustion, synthesis, single displacement, decomposition, double displacement, and acid-base. During combustion, chemical energy in the form of heat is released when oxygen combines with other substances to form water and carbon dioxide. Example: Magnesium and oxygen react to produce heat and light energy. The potential energy stored in chemical bonds holding the object together. Chemical energy is released due to chemical reaction. It is a type of potential energy. Chemical energy is stored within the bonds of the atoms and molecules that make up a substance. Once chemical energy is released from a substance, the substance is transformed into a new substance. Chemical energy is stored inside a substance or object until it is involved in a chemical reaction. Our bodies use chemical energy to perform daily functions. Cooking is a good example of a chemical reaction that releases chemical energy. Batteries and explosives are other examples of objects that contain stored chemical energy. There are six basic types of chemical reactions: combustion, synthesis, single displacement, decomposition, double...
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...pumps may be submerged in the fluid they are pumping or external to the fluid. Pumps can be classified by their method of displacement into positive displacement pumps, impulse pumps, velocity pumps, gravity pumps, steam pumps and valveless pumps. Positive displacement pump A lobe pump lobe pump internals Mechanism of a scroll pump A positive displacement pump makes a fluid move by trapping a fixed amount and forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe. Some positive displacement pumps use an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pump as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant through each cycle of operation. Positive displacement pump behavior and safety Positive displacement pumps, unlike centrifugal or roto-dynamic pumps, theoretically can produce the same flow at a given speed (RPM) no matter what the discharge pressure. Thus, positive displacement pumps are constant flow machines. However, a slight increase in internal leakage as the pressure increases prevents a truly constant flow rate. A positive displacement pump must not operate against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump, because it has no shutoff head like centrifugal pumps. A positive displacement pump operating against a closed discharge valve continues to produce flow and the pressure in the discharge line increases...
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...of the physical and chemical properties of copper by cycling copper via several chemical reactions; those reactions being, Oxidation Reduction, Acid-Base and Oxidation-Reduction and Single Displacement Reduction. Lastly, while performing a series of chemical processes, the mass of copper recovered should equal the original mass of copper from the beginning. II. Data (Experimental Observations) Part A: Oxidation Reduction Reaction The weight of the copper starting material was 0.107g. After I weighted the copper, I wrapped the turning into a small ball and place it into a 150 mL beaker. Then, I measured 8 mL of 6 M nitric acid, HNO3, into a 10 ml graduated cylinder. Afterwards, I then slowly added the 6 M HNO3 into the beaker containing the copper. Then, I cover the beaker with a watch glass and observe the reaction. As I was observing the reaction, I noticed that the color of the copper solution went from a clear to a baby blue color. As the copper slowly continued to dissolved taking more than 10 minutes, it was then rapidly dissolved into a dark blue solution. As the copper dissolved, bubbles were being secreted causing the inside of the beaker to form a yellowish gas color due to the chemical reaction between the copper and the 6 M nitric acid. Part B: Acid- Base and Double Displacement Reactions The blue solution from part A was mixed with...
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...1/ The main reaction of a charcoal grill is C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g). Which of the statements below are incorrect? Why? a. 1 atom of carbon reacts with 1 molecule of oxygen to produce 1 molecule of CO2. b. 1 g of C reacts with 1 g of O2 to produce 2 g of CO2. Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations 21 c. 1 g of C reacts with 0.5 g of O2 to produce 1 g of CO2. d. 12 g of C reacts with 32 g of O2 to produce 44 g of CO2. e. 1 mol of C reacts with 1 mol of O2 to produce 1 mol of CO2. f. 1 mol of C reacts with 0.5 mol of O2 to produce 1 mol of CO2. Solution: a. Correct. The coefficients in balanced equations can represent amounts in atoms and molecules. b. Incorrect. The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation do not represent amounts in grams. One gram of carbon and one gram of oxygen represent different molar amounts. c. Incorrect. The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation do not represent amounts in grams. d. Correct. You might initially think that this is an incorrect representation; however, 12 g of C, 32 g of O2, and 44 g of CO2 each represent one mole of the substance, so the relationship of the chemical reaction is obeyed. e. Correct. The coefficients in balanced equations can represent amounts in moles. f. Incorrect. The amount of O2 present is not enough to react completely with one mole of carbon. Only one-half of the carbon would react, and one-half mole of CO2 would form. * Question 1 10 out of 10 points | | | The main...
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...Ariana, Alyssa, Myrjun, Lindsay, Lara Displacement Reactions Lab Report Purpose: To observe and compare single and double displacement reactions. Hypothesis: If a metal element is mixed with an ionic compound, one metal will displace the other to create a new ionic compound. If 2 ionic compounds are mixed together, then the metals will displace each other, creating 2 new ionic compounds. Materials: Goggles, large well plate, steel wool, scoopula, 4 small beakers, dropper, 4 pieces of magnesium ribbon, 4 pieces of zinc metal, 4 pieces of copper wire, copper (II) sulfate solution, zinc nitrate solution, magnesium nitrate solution, sodium carbonate solution and hydrochloric acid. Procedure: Part A: Single Displacement Reactions 1. Clean 4 pieces of magnesium ribbon, zinc metal and copper wire with steel wool until they are shiny. 2. Half-fill one column (three wells) of the well plate with the copper (II) sulfate solution. 3. Half-fill a second column (three wells) with the zinc nitrate solution. 4. Half-fill a third column (three wells) with the hydrochloric acid. 5. In each column, place 1 piece of each metal in different wells (Magnesium in one well, zinc in another and copper in the last). Use a toothpick to keep the metals submerged in the solution. 6. Observe the different reactions in each well. Record your observations in a table. 7. Save the contents of the wells for Part B. Part B: Double Displacement Reactions 1. Add 3 drops of the...
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...FLEXIBLY DIVIDED DOUBLE LUMEN ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE Viren Sunil Kalsekar, Joy Lee, Jenny Qiu, Nicholas Ragosta, Javier Ramos, David Taylor Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA ABSTRACT Endotracheal tubes (ETT), are used to maintain patient airway access during surgical procedures. The design presented here addresses a current need of the gold standard ETT by allowing for the passage of a larger bronchoscope through the inner lumen of the ETT while keeping outer dimensions constant. This design incorporates a flexible membrane with a wavy geometry to ensure a return to the neutral axis, thus allowing for even ventilation of both lungs. Flow tests simulating surgical ventilation conditions were conducted. These results confirmed that adequate air flow could be obtained independent of any pressure differences across the membrane. Tests of the prototype also confirmed that maximum instrumentation diameter was increased through this design when compared to a commercially available ETT with identical outer dimensions (35 Fr). Finite element analysis was conducted to determine the necessary thickness of the membrane for a safe design. One key design feature of the membrane is that its state of maximum deflection (2.1mm) does not significantly hinder airflow through the smaller lumen. Tests to further evaluate the functional requirements of safety and ease of use are currently under way. Methods of manufacturing this design are also under investigation. Keywords:...
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...Chemical Reaction A chemical reaction is a change of a substance into a new substance that has a different chemical identity. A chemical reaction occurs with physical effects, like the emission of heat and light, the release of gas, the change in color, or the presents of precipitate. There are several different types of chemical reactions, such as synthesis reaction, decomposition reaction, single displacement reaction, the double displacement reaction, combustion reaction, and the acid-base reaction. In our everyday life we experience many chemical reactions taking place around us. You may not notice them but they are always there. An example of a chemical reactions you would see, hear, feel, or taste in your everyday life would be baking...
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