...Research on Chinese Commercial Banks' Capital Structure Optimization Jianwen ZHENG Wuhan University of Technology,China email:174068598@qq.com Keywords: Commercial Banking, Capital Structure, Optimization, Strategy Abstract. Optimize the capital structure is the fact that the premise of improving corporate governance.This paper describes the status of the capital structure of Chinese commercial banks, analyzes the main problems of Chinese commercial banks supplement existing capital structure, optimization strategies proposed capital structure of commercial banks in China, China's policy of commercial banks and other wealthy significant ownership concentration, such as optimization of innovative recommendations. Introduction The capital structure of the model can have a significant impact on the Company's operating performance.This effect can be divided into two cases: one is the direct impact that the capital structure, the financing risk and the cost of capital can directly affect business performance; while another case is the indirect impact, mainly on the company's first impact on the governance structure, and then have an impact on business performance through the governance structure.The pace of development of China's listed banks initially very slow. Under conditions of economic system reform, the bank's capital structure gradual adjustments, operating performance has gradually improved. However, compared with the world's developed countries, Chinese commercial ...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0 OVERVIEW This paper intent to analyze the performance of Islamic equity unit trust funds’ in CIMB Wealth Advisors Berhad by comparing with the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Composite Index (KLCI) as benchmark. This chapter will discuss the background of the study, historical development of unit trust industry in Malaysia, understanding unit trust, problem statement, research objectives and the significance of the study. 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A plenty of investments alternative can be seen nowadays. But it’s depends on people which alternative they prefer to invest or depend on their skills of investing in such instruments. Most of the people who are lack in financial knowledge or investing skills will prefer to make investments in unit trust funds. There has abundance of benefits in unit trust and also can be advantageous to the small investors. Unit trust is an ideal way for small investors to invest for their future. Small investors are people who earn their living engaged in activities not related to the financial arena. They are aware that investing is important to them, but they lack of know-how to make the right decisions. For people who are unable or unwilling to do research and analyze investment markets and climate on their own, unit trusts is a good way to invest. In order to maintain a portfolio of stocks in the share market, a person has to keep himself up-to-date with market information and climate. For many people, this is difficult...
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...A PROJECT ON CAPITAL MARKET GUIDE CERTIFICATE It is hereby certified that the project report on “CAPITAL MARKET”, being submitted by Shelly jumba student of the degree of Master of Business Administration (3rd Sem) of CT Institute of Management and Information Technology, Jalandhar which affiliated to Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar is an original work carried out successfully under my guidance and supervision and that no part of this project has been submitted for any other degree/ diploma. The sincerely efforts put in during the course of investigation is hereby acknowledged. Project guide Miss Shivani jagneja Lect. CTIM& IT DECLARATION This project entitled Empirical Study on “CAPITAL MARKET” is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of master of business administration of Punjab technical university, Jalandhar. .This research work has been done only for MBA only and none of this research work has been submitted for any other degree. The assistance and help during the execution of the project has been fully acknowledged. PREFACE The successful completion of this project was a unique experience for us because by visiting many place and interacting various person, I achieved a better knowledge about this project. The experience which I gained by doing this project was essential at this turning point of my carrier this project is being submitted which content detailed analysis of the research under taken by me...
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...Chapter 1 Financial Markets Financial markets perform two important functions. They transfer funds from savers into investments and they transfer title of ownership of existing securities from sellers to buyers. Financial markets and the transfer of savings Two basic methods exist for transferring funds from savers to users. First is direct investment when you start own business and invest your savings in the operation. A direct investment also occurs when securities are initially sold to investors in primary market. In the second markets, no funds are transferred and no new assets are created, there is only the transfer of ownership of an existing asset. The alternative to direct transfer of savings is an indirect transfer through a financial intermediary. You lend funds to the bank; the bank lends the funds to the ultimate borrower. The role of money Money: anything that is generally accepted as a means of payment. Liquidity: Ease of converting an asset into cash without loss, the depth of a financial market. Federal Reserve has the power to control the supply of money and to oversee the commercial banking system. Money supply: Total amount of money in circulation. 2 measures: M1: Sum of coins, currency, and demand deposits (checking account); M2: M1+saving accounts (70%), small certificates of deposits. The role of interest rates Interest is the cost of credit, the price paid for the use of someone else’s money. Generally, the longer the term of the debt...
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...Mr Tan Ngiap Joo, Deputy President of OCBC, is a member of the Strategic Management Team of a bank based in Singapore, the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC). Mr Tan Ngiap Joo is writing a memorandum to his task force, relating to the strengths and weaknesses of one of OCBC’s strategies at present and a report containing internal and environmental audits of OCBC. From these audits, he will develop a strategy to counter the strong competition OCBC is facing, both locally and regionally. The report will be discussed at an SMT meeting. Table of Contents Contents Page Memorandum……………………………………………….. 4 Appendix to Memorandum…………………………………. 9 Report……………………………………………………….. 12 References…………………………………………………... 22 Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited Memorandum To: Team members of task force From: Tan Ngiap Joo, Deputy President, member of Strategic Management Team Date: 13 June 2007 Subject: Objectives in the planning process Introduction You will assist in the planning process of OCBC as members of the new task force. In order to this well, I will outline the role objectives play in the planning process and how to set them. The Role of Objectives in the Planning Process Objectives tend to evaluate the behavior of OCBC’S employees. Its management uses these objectives to help focus on employees efforts. This is crucial because OCBC...
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...MGT/521 Management Johnson Controls Business Analysis Johnson Controls is a global organization that has survived numerous historical events over their 125 years in business. Not many organizations can say this, but Johnson Controls has three separate business units that through strategic planning and excellent customer communications continue to prosper despite present-day challenges. This paper will review the history of Johnson Controls including the founder’s values and call for innovative ideas, as a mutual fund manager review a SWOT analysis, and review Johnson Controls internal and external stakeholders and what is at stake for each identified group. History of Johnson Controls Johnson Controls today consists of three separate business units: automotive experience, building efficiency, and power solutions. Based out of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Johnson Controls employs 162,000 worldwide with 2,500 employees at the corporate site, and 1,300 locations around the globe. The company’s founder, Warren Johnson successfully invented and patented in 1883 the first electric thermostat. His reason for such an inventory was to respond to the growing desire or need to regulate the environment of the individual room and reduce the cost of fuel in a more efficient way to save money to homeowners and businesses alike. In 1885 Johnson Electric Service Company officially went into business. With the success of the thermostat, Warren Johnson continued to develop his ideas...
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...Workbook for NISM-Series-V- A: Mutual Fund Distributors Certification Examination National Institute of Securities Markets www.nism.ac.in This workbook has been developed to assist candidates in preparing for the National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM) Certification Examination for Mutual Fund Distributors. Workbook Version: July 2011 Published by: National Institute of Securities Markets © National Institute of Securities Markets, 2010 Plot 82, Sector 17, Vashi Navi Mumbai – 400 705, India All rights reserved. Reproduction of this publication in any form without prior permission of the publishers is strictly prohibited. Disclaimer The contents of this publication do not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the National Institute of Securities Market (NISM) or the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). This publication is meant for general reading and educational purpose only. It is not meant to serve as guide for investment. The views and opinions and statements of authors or publishers expressed herein do not constitute a personal recommendation or suggestion for any specific need of an Individual. It shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. The statements/explanations/concepts are of general nature and may not have taken into account the particular objective/ move/ aim/ need/ circumstances of individual user/ reader/ organization/ institute. Thus NISM and SEBI do not assume any...
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...Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Case description 2 Management style 3 Staff behaviors 3 Communication systems 4 3. Conceptual framework 4 4. Data and Analysis 5 Management style 5 Staff behaviors 7 Communication System 8 5. Managers embarking upon the issues 11 6. Conclusion 11 7. Recommendations 12 8. Personal Experience 12 References 14 Appendix 16 Low vs. high power distance 16 Individualism vs. collectivism 16 Masculinity vs. femininity 16 Long vs. short term orientation 16 1. Introduction Businesses in these times of rapid growth are experiencing globalization and economic development that tends them to expand and grow at international level (Bennis and Nanus, 1985). For the expansion of the business at international level, firms tend to exchange their cultures and during the exchange conflict is natural to arise as the minds of people in different areas differ greatly. Due to the advancement in technology, physical barriers affecting the expansion of the business internationally have been overcome but there exist a number of cultural barriers thereby complicating the cross-cultural management for the managers (Adler and Graham 1989 referring Mishler; 1965, p.517). This study focuses on the cross-cultural management of two companies’ i.e. a Swedish company and its subsidiary in China. The two companies have entirely different cultures and therefore they are facing difficulties in exchanging the cultures (Martinsons &...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1743-9132.htm IJMF 6,1 24 A comparative analysis of the performance of conventional and Islamic unit trust companies in Malaysia Norma Md. Saad, M. Shabri Abd. Majid, Salina Kassim, Zarinah Hamid and Rosylin Mohd. Yusof Department of Economics, Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the efficiency of selected conventional and Islamic unit trust companies in Malaysia during the period 2002 to 2005. Design/methodology/approach – The paper adopts Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to investigate efficiency, as measured by the Malmquist index, which is decomposed into two components: efficiency change and technical change indexes. Findings – The study indicates that technical efficiency is the main contributor to enhancing the efficiency of the Malaysian unit trust industry. In addition, the larger the size of the unit trust companies, the more inefficient the performance. In comparing the efficiency of unit trust companies, the study finds that some of the Islamic unit trust companies perform better than their conventional counterparts. Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to five Islamic unit trust companies. Thus, the findings of this study are indicative, but inconclusive for the unit trust industry as a whole. Practical implications...
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...centralization, and more movie blockbusters are just some of the author’s predictions for the year. In debates about whether growth is a percentage point up or down, we too often lose sight of the absolute scale of China’s economy. No matter what rate the country grows at in 2016, its share of the global economy, and of many specific sectors, will be larger than ever. My snapshot of China in 2016? An increasingly diverse, volatile, $11 trillion economy whose performance is becoming more and more difficult to describe as one dimensional. The reality is that China’s economy is today made up of multiple subeconomies, each more than a trillion dollars in size. Some are booming, some declining. Some are globally competitive, others fit for the scrap heap. How you feel about China depends more than ever on the parts of the economy where you compete. In 2015, selling kit to movie theaters has been great business, selling kit to steel mills less so. In your China, are you dealing with a tiger or a tortoise? Your performance in 2016 will depend on knowing the answer to this question and shaping your plans accordingly. Many well-established secular trends in China will continue in 2016. The service economy’s expansion is perhaps most prominent among them. In this piece, as usual, I won’t spend much time on the most familiar things. Instead, I will highlight what I believe will become the more important and more visible trends in 2016, either because they are now accelerating...
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...our member firms act with clients, colleagues and their communities 10 Section 1.4 Corporate citizenship -- Putting our skills to work 11 Section 1.4.1 Find out more about our corporate citizenship strategy and how we are putting our skills to work 11 Section 1.5 Corporate citizenship -- Organization 11 Section 1.5.1 We have more than 135,000 people operating in over 140 countries 11 Section 1.6 Corporate citizenship -- Performance 11 Section 1.7 More Information 11 Tables Table 1 9 Table 2 19 Figures Figure 1 4 Figure 2 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 4 6 Figure 5 Dow Jones Industrial Average 15 Figure 6 18 Figure 7 18 Figure 8 20 Figure 9 20 In the Academic Writing Context * Initial Settings [Page Layout] > [Page Setup] > [Margins] > [Custom Margins] > Usually [2.54 cm] [Home] > [Font] > Font Family Usually [Times New Roman] > Font Size Usually [12] [Home] > [Paragraph] > [Indent and Spacing] > [Line Spacing] > Usually [1.5 Lines] in the Chinese version MS-Word environment > Usually [Double] in the English version MS-Word environment [Home] > [Paragraph] > [Indent and Spacing] > [Spacing] > [Before]...
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...The Classical Chinese Art Fund The Classical Chinese Art Fund FR3208 Arts and Antiques Market: Coursework 2 The Classical Chinese Art Fund Content Page 1. The Classical Chinese Art Fund 1.1. What is the Classical Chinese Art Fund? 1.2. Investment Profile of the Fund 1.3. Rationale: The China Factor 1.4. Investment Approach and Strategies 1.4.1. Growth Strategies 1.4.2. Risk Management Strategies 2. Market Analysis 2.1. Art Segmentation 2.1.1. Chinese Calligraphy 2.1.2. Chinese Paintings 2.2. Major Players 2.3. Demand and Supply Analysis 3. Role of Public Institutions and Regulatory Policies 4. The External Competitive Environment 4.1. Correlation between Chosen Sector and other forms of Investment 4.1.1. General Outlook of the Art Fund 4.1.2. Comparative Analysis of the Fund and Other Art Investment Funds 5. Prospective Investment Portfolio of Art Works 6. Conclusion • Appendix The Classical Chinese Art Fund FR3208 Arts and Antiques Market: Coursework 3 The Classical Chinese Art Fund 1. The Classical Chinese Art Fund 1.1. What is the Classical Chinese Art Fund? The Classical Chinese Art Fund is an investment fund approach that capitalizes on the valuable asset class of Classical Chinese Art, specifically Chinese paintings and calligraphy art pieces. Chinese paintings and calligraphy art works are considered ...
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...China Microfinance Industry Assessment Report By He Guangwen, Du Xiaoshan, Bai Chengyu, and Li Zhanwu China Association of Microfinance Feb. 17, 2009 This report has been jointly accomplished by Prof. He Guangwen, Director of Rural Finance and Investment Research Center of China Agricultural University (CAU), Prof. Du Xiaoshan, Deputy Director of Rural Development Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and Chairman of Board of Directors of China Association of Microfinance (CAM), Mr. Bai Chengyu, Director of Division III of China International Centre for Economic and Technical Exchange (CICETE) and Secretary General of CAM with the support of the Network Strengthening Program (NSP) of CAM. Mr. Li Zhanwu, Division Director of Ministry of Human Resource and Social Security, Dr. Li Lili of Henan University of Finance and Economics, Dr. Zhang Zhengping, Associate Professor of Beijing Technology and Business University, Dr. Yang Jing of Beijing Material College, and Li Yaning, Yang Lu and Wang Dan from CAU have also joined the research work. Besides, this report has obtained the guidance and assistance from Ms. Wang Dan, Managing Deputy Secretary General of CAM, and the experts of SEEP. Mrs. Wang Li, President of Social Responsibility Department of Citi China has provided strong administrative and professional support. Hereby, special thanks should be given to the above fellows. For more information, pls contact Prof. He Guangwen at heguangwen@sina.com 1 ...
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...Background Joint Ventures Agreement Sheraton Asia Pacific and Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs In August 1966, a joint venture was shaped between Sheraton Asia Pacific and Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Basically, Sheraton Asia Pacific Corporation is a Subsidiary of ITT Sheraton. Andrew Wilson was appointed by Sheraton, an Australian by origin, for the Deputy General Manager position, along with Clara Chan, a Singaporean Chinese, in the Chief Auditor position. These two higher officials were appointed in 1996 only after the regulatory authorities had given formal approval to the project. Agreement Launching Ceremony Incident At the very beginning, a lunch was organized by Yang Zhao, who happens to be the General Manager of the Beijing International Club Corporation. He was also the appointee of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. During the lunch session, Clara Chan received her first lesson in JV management and experienced what it is like to be in a venture with the Chinese. Yang Zhao gave a rather subtle complement to Chan by saying that she belonged to the Chinese background and due to which she will be culturally in sync to help Sheraton and Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs to establish a good understanding and a better network of communication between these two companies. Chinese Economy: At a Glance Chinese government is tried to make a favorable market condition for the foreign investor to attract them to invest in China. The result to...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING Chapter Outline I. International accounting is an extremely broad topic. A. At a minimum it focuses on the accounting issues unique to multinational corporations, especially with respect to foreign operations. B. At the other extreme it encompasses the study of the various functional areas of accounting in all countries of the world, as well as the activities of a number of supranational organizations. C. This book provides an overview of the broadly defined area of international accounting, with a focus on the accounting issues encountered by multinational companies engaged in international trade and invested in foreign operations. II. There are several accounting issues encountered by companies involved in international trade. A. One issue is the accounting for foreign currency-denominated export sales and import purchases. An important issue is how to account for changes in the value of the foreign currency-denominated account receivable (payable) that occur as exchange rates fluctuate. B. A related issue is the accounting for derivative financial instruments, such as forward contracts and foreign currency options, used to hedge the foreign exchange risk associated with foreign currency transactions. III. There is an even greater number of accounting issues encountered by companies that have made a direct investment in a foreign operation. These issues primarily result from the fact that GAAP...
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