...13 ANNEX 16 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS 16 Executive Summary Purpose: The purpose of this document is to provide an overview of the Smart Metering (SM) implementation Program with a particular focus on the scope elements, organization and approach to deliver on time and on budget. Mission: The smart metering (SM) Program mission is to successfully install a safe, reliable, and cost-efficient smart meter solution for greater operational efficiency, customer reliability and, energy efficiency. Smart Metering System: it consisting of Smart meters – two-way communications-enabled meters that capture the amount of power consumed when it occurred – plus metering telecommunications and an Automated Data Collection System. Program Delivery Scope: The scope consisting of overall activities and services including project management and controls such as inspection and quality control; revenue meter deployment; customer complaint handling; administration and contract management; information and data coordination, stakeholder engagement and community communications. Organizational Structure: An organizational structure has been designed to facilitate delivery of the smart metering (SM) Program. The considered key units are 1. Meter Deployment Office which is responsible for delivering the entire smart meter installation; it is liable to organize and coordinate deployment teams, crews and technicians in the service centers. 2. Meter and Customer Data Coordination...
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...235e246 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Cleaner Production journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jclepro Energy management based on Internet of Things: practices and framework for adoption in production management Fadi Shrouf a, b, *, Giovanni Miragliotta a a b Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI), Italy Department of Industrial Engineering, Business Administration and Statistics, ETSII, Universidad Politcnica de Madrid (UPM), Spain e a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Received 6 November 2014 Received in revised form 5 March 2015 Accepted 18 March 2015 Available online 27 March 2015 In today's manufacturing scenario, rising energy prices, increasing ecological awareness, and changing consumer behaviors are driving decision-makers to prioritize green manufacturing. The Internet of Things paradigm promises to increase the visibility and awareness of energy consumption, thanks to smart sensors and smart meters at the machine and production line level. Consequently, real-time energy consumption data from manufacturing processes can be collected...
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...The Impact of the Internet on the Energy Industry Table of Contents Introduction The Internet and energy consumption Top Energy Consuming Countries Smart Energy and your Privacy The Energy Industry and the Internet Energy Industry Technology Made Possible by the Internet Smart Meters Smart Grids Smart Cities Managing Demand Market Size Projections Itron: A Smart Energy Industry Leader Consolidated Financial Data Analysts’ Projections Conclusion Introduction Like so many other industries, the energy industry has been impacted by the internet in a multitude of ways. We see the evolution and efficiency of the energy industry in response to new technology and free flow of ideas and information. A revolution in smart meters, grids, and even smart cities has begun. We will explore a variety of issues related to the energy industry and the internet. There are some common misconception about the impact of internet related energy consumption on the energy industry. Initially, some astronomical claims were being made about the amount of energy the internet actually requires. Equally misinformed projections unsettled consumers and environmental activists alike. The Internet and Energy Consumption When we think about the internet, generally we think of something that has aided humanity toward advancement. These days many companies have the option to “go green” or receive electronic notices instead of paper statements. Generally, this is...
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...THE SMART GRID: A PRAGMATIC APPROACH A “State-of-Play” Discussion Paper Presented by the Canadian Electricity Association TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..2 Introduction. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..3 I. Definition and Objectives of the Smart Grid. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..5 A) Definition.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..5 B) Objectives ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..5 II. The Smart Grid’s Five Capabilities .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..7 A) Demand Response .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..7 B) Facilitation of Distributed Generation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..7 C) Facilitation of Electric Vehicles . ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..8 D) Optimization of Asset Use ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..8 E) Problem Detection and Mitigation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..9 III. Building Blocks . ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... A) Hard Infrastructure .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ....
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...SELF HEALING INTRODUCTION Smart Grid is sophisticated, digitally enhanced power systems where the use of modern communications and control technologies allows much greater robustness, efficiency and flexibility than today’s power systems. The American Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), an advocator of building the smart grid, gave this grid a definition with self-healing, security, integration, collaborative, forecast, optimization and interaction. While European commission define it as : A grid which could support distributed and renewable energy access, supply more reliable and secure electricity, have a service-oriented architecture and flexible grid applications, possess an advanced automation and distributed intelligent, be able to local interact the load and the power, adhere to customer centric. Obviously, these definitions has been formulated for the future of power industry mainly focusing on world today’s energy generation, transmission, distribution limitation & changing consumer trends. Recently world has observed a series of blackout, partial power failure and this compelled the world’s nations to go for an ideal grid system that is smart enough to face such kind of challenges. This has resulted the unification of power system with the information technology & modren telecommunition setup. And SELF HEALING become the key component of smart grid, as smart grid should possess an intelligent control funtion, which could rapidly isolate and self...
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...Duke Energy Corporation Company Analysis Project Table of Contents Introduction 3 Utility Structure 4 Microeconomic Environment 5 Macroeconomic Environment 7 Regulatory Impacts 9 Ethical Considerations 12 Conclusion 14 References 16 Introduction Duke Energy Corporation is an energy company headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina that operates in the United States as well as in Latin America and is subject to regulation by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. 2013 operating revenues totaled $24.6 billion and assets totaled $114.8 billion (Duke Energy, 2014). On December 31, 2013, Duke Energy had 27,948 employees with 5,548 operating and maintenance employees represented by unions (p. 13). The three main business segments are Regulated Utilities, International Energy, and Commercial Power. Regulated Utilities serves 7.2 million retail electric customers and 500,000 retail natural gas customers in six states principally relying upon coal, natural gas, and nuclear fuel for its generation of electricity (Duke Energy, 2014). The electric and gas services are subject to the rules and regulations of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the North Carolina Utilities Commission, the Public Service Commission of South Carolina, the Florid Public Service Commission, the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission, and the Kentucky Public Service Commission (Duke Energy, 2014). With the exception of Ohio, regulated...
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...The Future of Energy: Rooftop Solar Panels Coal fired energy plants have long been recognized as extremely damaging to the environment. The role of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, in precipitating climate change is well documented. Carbon-dioxide emissions have increased manifold since the Industrial Revolution and have led to an increase in the Earth’s temperature in the past 50 years, worsening forest fires, drought and coastal flooding among other disastrous side effects of climate change, according to the U.S. Global Change Research Program. (NOAA National Climatic Data Center). In Kentucky where 91% of its power is generated from coal (Department for Energy Development and Independence; Kentucky Coal Association), there is a great impetus for utilities to cut down on carbon emissions. Unfortunately current efforts to reduce carbon emissions are largely insufficient because they do not attempt to reduce America’s and Kentucky’s overreliance on fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. Rather, currently adopted technologies like carbon capture and storage (CCS) and natural gas-fired plants that halve carbon emissions merely seek to reduce the environmental impact while still relying on fossil fuels for energy. (Nijhuis) (Breeze) For a solution to be viable in the long run, it must propose an alternative energy source to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels for energy which is the root cause of excessive carbon emissions. Investing in renewable energy like solar power is...
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...Security in the Smart Grid introduction Present and future battlefronts of electronic terrorism includes the state of readiness and resilience of the computer equipment protecting America's energy distribution networks and industrial control systems. According to a Pike research report [1] published March 1st of this year, it is projected that investments in smart grid cyber security will total $14 billion through 2018. First, what is a power grid? A power grid consists of several networks that carry electricity from the power plants where it is generated to consumers, and includes wires, substations, transformers, switches, software, and other hardware. The grid in the past used a centralized one-way communication distribution concept that consisted of limited automation, limited situational awareness, and did not provide the capability for consumers to manage their energy use. “Smart Grid” generally refers to a class of technology designed to upgrade the current utility grid infrastructure to improve the efficiency on the power network and in energy users’ homes and businesses. Much of the legacy power plant infrastructure is now over 30 years old with electrical transmission and distribution system components (i.e. power transformers) averaging over 40 years old and 70% of transmission lines being 25 years or older [2]. In December 2007, Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 became an official...
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...extraordinary session of Chicago Tribune Newspapers CEO’s, Strategic Advisor and the consultancy assistance of McKinsey Strategic Department. This report covers the current situation of circulations and subscriptions regarding the digital era as well as available technologies for newspaper publishers to increase their revenues. Also includes an evaluation of business strategies and activities regarding Chicago Tribunes’ major competitors. This report covers some recommendation for further strategic positioning and investments to create a competitive advantages. In presenting this report, I want to pay tribute to the work of every one of my colleague throughout the strategic department and all journalists within this newspaper. It is a pleasure to find strategies and solutions to keep our business alive and develop further goals. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact me at any time. Yours sincerely, Zora Bouadjenak; MBA Strategic Advisor Chicago Tribune 1 HOW DOES THE IMPLEMENTATION OF APPS AND E-SUBSCRIPTIONS EFFECT NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS REVENUES AND THEIR STRATEGIES FOR FURTHER BUSINESSES? A case for Chicago Tribune Newspaper Lectures name: Date of submission: Author’s name: ID: Mr. Chong Hock CHUA 12. September 2011 Zora BOUADJENAK 12643509 2 1 Executive Summary Newspaper publishers are facing the new digital era with different strategies. Chicago Tribune needs to...
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...This user manual includes detailed usage instructions for your camera. Please read this manual thoroughly. Click a topic Basic troubleshooting Quick reference User Manual ST6500 Contents Basic functions Extended functions Shooting options Playback/Editing Settings Appendixes Index Health and safety information Always comply with the following precautions and usage tips to avoid dangerous situations and ensure peak performance of your camera. Warning—situations that could cause injury to yourself or others Do not disassemble or attempt to repair your camera. This may result in electric shock or damage to the camera. Do not use your camera near flammable or explosive gases and liquids. This may cause a fire or explosion. Do not insert flammable materials into the camera or store these materials near the camera. This may cause a fire or electric shock. Do not handle your camera with wet hands. This may result in electric shock. Prevent damage to subjects’ eyesight. Do not use the flash in close proximity (closer than 1 m/3 ft) to people or animals. If you use the flash too close to your subject’s eyes, this can cause temporary or permanent eyesight damage. Keep your camera away from small children and pets. Keep your camera and all accessories out of the reach of small children and animals. Small parts may cause choking or serious injury if swallowed. Moving parts and accessories may present physical dangers as well. Do not expose the camera to direct sunlight or high temperatures...
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...Does having more control over the camera enable better photographs to be taken? Introduction The digital world of photography change how humanity communicates and exchange images in a matter of few seconds provoking to have less privacy in your everyday life. Digital photos in the Web are very common, which is a useful tool for people to share memories and personal events, but once the pictures are downloaded and shared it’s impossible to erase. Almost everyone have digital access from either a camera phone or digital camera, which creates a whole new era of artistic art that helps humans to express feelings and emotions (Helmut and Alison, 2011). Technology made it easier to play and experiment with common features of devices and programs to have a variety of pictures with different effects that creates artistic photos. Digital Photography transforms the view on how humanity has access to instant photos from family and friends, editing, and digital artistic. Discussion Capturing digital images comes back in 1960s where NASA use digital signals to capture the surface of the moon with the help of computer technology to improve the images that the space probes were sending. The government used satellites to spy and helped to advanced digital imaging. The private sectors made big contributions like Texas Instruments invented a film-less electronic camera in 1972. Sony released an electronic camera that recorded images onto a mini disc (Helmut and Alison, 2011). According...
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...Haris A. Raja Industry Analysis BA 01 Smart Grid Industry Introduction Current electrical grid was conceived more than a hundred years ago. With rising and ever changing energy demands of the 21st century, existing grids are under pressure to deliver efficient, reliable and sustainable supply of electricity. 21st century demand for electricity is driving the evolution of smart grid technologies. The smart grid is a “developing network of new technologies, equipment, and controls working together” to deliver electricity efficiently and reliably. (www.smartgird.gov) Its been called “electricity with a brain,” or “the energy Internet.” (www.nist.gov) Some key benefits associated with smart grids are as follows: • Efficient power transmission • Faster recovery from power disruptions or failures • Better integration with other power generation systems (e:g. renewable energy) Driving Forces and Trends Capacity- growing demand According to International Energy Agency, $6 trillion investments will be needed to satisfy the global demand between now and 20301. Boston Consulting Group predicts that by 2020 there will be 40 million electric cars in the US. This mean that a robust infrastructure is needed to charge potentially millions of batteries. This will clearly put higher demand on the electrical systems. (www.abb.com) Reliability- Reliable operation According to the US Department of Energy power outages and interruptions in the US electrical supply cost $150 billion...
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...Exploring the imperative of revitalizing America’s electric infrastructure. the SMART GRID: an introduction. How a smarter grid works as an enabling engine for our economy, our environment and our future. prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy by Litos Strategic Communication under contract No. DE-AC26-04NT41817, Subtask 560.01.04 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor Litos Strategic Communication, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or Litos Strategic Communication. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. PREFACE It Is A ColossAl tAsk. But It Is A tAsk thAt must BE donE. The Department of Energy has been charged with orchestrating the wholesale modernization...
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...5/31/2011 LEVERAGING CLOUD COMPUTING FOR GREATER BUSINESS AGILITY Ramesh Shanmuganathan Executive Vice President / Group CIO 1 John Keells Group 4 th June 2011 AGENDA TODAY’S BUSINESS CONTEXT DEMYSTIFYING CLOUD COMPUTING WHY CLOUD COMPUTING? WHAT ARE MY OPTIONS? WHAT DO I NEED TO CONSIDER? HOW DO I GET ON BOARD? CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTOR KEY TAKE AWAY! 2 TODAY’S BUSINESS CONTEXT 3 1 5/31/2011 Today’s Business Context ►Global competition ►Rampant Change ►Faster flow of information and communication ►Increasing Business Complexity ►Pervasive Globalisation 4 Forces Driving the New Economy ►Knowledge : Intellectual Capital ►Change : Continuous rapid and complex ►Globalization : in R&D, technology, production, trade, finance, communication and information, which has resulted in opening of economies, global hypercompetition and interdependency of business. 5 IT NEEDS TO ADAPT TO THE BUSINESS CONTEXT Robust IT, Services, and Solutions based Foundation Dynamically adapts to changing business conditions Tightens link between IT and business objectives Anticipate and rapidly respond to new market requirements Create and capture new opportunities Includes: Technology, Services and Solutions 6 2 5/31/2011 IT NEEDS TO DELIVER DECISION READY INFORMATION 7 “4” critical Qs “Data is exploding “New business & and it’s in silos” process demands ” I Need Insight How can we take advantage of the wealth...
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...This user manual includes detailed usage instructions for your camera. Please read this manual thoroughly. Click a topic Basic troubleshooting Quick reference Contents Basic functions Extended functions Shooting options Playback/Editing Settings WB100/WB101 -- Appendixes Index Health and safety information Always comply with the following precautions and usage tips to avoid dangerous situations and ensure peak performance of your camera. Warning—situations that could cause injury to yourself or others Do not disassemble or attempt to repair your camera. This may result in electric shock or damage to the camera. Do not use your camera near flammable or explosive gases and liquids. This may cause a fire or explosion. Do not insert flammable materials into the camera or store these materials near the camera. This may cause a fire or electric shock. Do not handle your camera with wet hands. This may result in electric shock. Prevent damage to subjects’ eyesight. Do not use the flash in close proximity (closer than 1 m/3 ft) to people or animals. If you use the flash too close to your subject’s eyes, this can cause temporary or permanent eyesight damage. Keep your camera away from small children and pets. Keep your camera and all accessories out of the reach of small children and animals. Small parts may cause choking or serious injury if swallowed. Moving parts and accessories may present physical dangers as well. Do not expose the camera to direct sunlight or high temperatures...
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