...SUMMARY Overall, the SME FDI is currently an extremely valuable initiative. Through appropriate and careful analysis of the data, public policy can be directed yet more efficiently to further improve competitive advantage of Canada's SMEs. In particular, the baseline survey associated with the SME FDI is an extraordinarily valuable research undertaking. It provides the potential to assess directly the extent to which financing gaps might occur in the capital markets on which SMEs rely. This is an important issue in practical terms, in terms of the role of public policy, and in terms of economic and finance theory. The SME FDI baseline survey data provides, for the first time internationally, a means of empirically testing Nobel prize-winning ideas related to information asymmetry and capital rationing. The data provides a means of providing yet better guidance for public policy with respect to addressing potential capital market imperfections that might constrain growth and economic development of SMEs. As designed, the research initiative can and will provide valuable information about these issues. In summary, the baseline survey undertaken as part of the SME FDI is a potentially invaluable resource with respect to the design, targeting, implementation, and follow-up assessment of public policy approaches to nurturing SME growth and viability. The outcomes of this research process could help Industry Canada and its partners to provide Canadian SMEs with substantial competitive...
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...OVERVIEW Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) occupy unique position in most of the countries especially in a developing country. They are a primary target for many countries desiring to stimulate economic growth and development. The SMEs sub-sector plays an increasingly dominant role in the technology assimilation and dissemination and in economic development in Bangladesh as well. In Bangladesh, SMEs playing a significant role for the development of our economy by creating employment opportunity and producing important alternative machines and machinery parts for saving huge foreign currency for our country. So as a part of our development strategy, we should intensify our efforts to develop this sector to grow industrial base and volume of foreign trade. As we know the in this age of globalization, it is impossible to stop the flow of foreign goods to any country. Only quality products can meet the challenges in global market. For meeting this situation SMEs need to upgrade their technological capabilities and production facilities in order to produce quality products at a competitive price. DEFINITION Small and medium enterprises or small and medium-sized enterprises (also: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; acronym in the plural: SMEs; small and medium businesses or small and medium-sized businesses, acronym: SMBs; and variations thereof) are companies whose headcount or turnover falls below certain limits. Enterprises Fixed Capital Investment Employees Small ≤Tk...
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...Introduction Nokia is the largest mobile phone company in the world, selling just over 450 million phones in 2010 – which translates to over 22% of the market (Gartner, 2011), but its long-term dominance is now being challenged more than ever (Global Information, 2011). The once seemingly infallible company that innovated to shape much of the modern mobile phone market has been caught off guard in recent years as the competitive landscape evolved and accelerated from being product driven to ecosystem led (SEC, 2011). This change, coupled with inability to quickly launch a credible response to innovative North American rivals such as Apple and Research in Motion (RIM) who have stolen the lead in high-end smart phones has caused Nokia to lose ground and market share. Low cost Asian rivals are also threatening Nokia’s grip on the mass markets (Thomson Reuters, 2011). Revenues have been declining, market share dominance waning and average sales prices tumbling (Financial Times, 2011). All of these factors have been pivotal in forcing Nokia to re-evaluate and focus its corporate strategy, vision and core values. Nokia has not been slow in recognizing the need to re-think and reformulate their strategy; based around three pillars; regaining leadership in the smart phone market, reinforcing their leadership position in mobile phones and investing in future disruptions (SEC, 2011). Execution has been somewhat lackluster (LXNews, 2011). In February 2011 Nokia formed a partnership with...
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...THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SME) IN BANGLADESH: AN OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATUS DR. MOMTAZ UDDIN AHMED VICE CHANCELLOR STATE UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH 1.0 The Case for the SMEs The SMEs1 worldwide are recognized as engines of economic growth. The commonly perceived merits often emphasized for their promotion especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh include their relatively high labour intensity, dependence on indigenous skills and technology, contributions to entrepreneurship development and innovativeness and growth of industrial linkages. The case for fostering SME growth in Bangladesh is irrefutable as these industries offer bright prospects for creating large-scale employment and income earning opportunities at relatively low cost for the un-and unemployed especially in the rural areas strengthening the efforts towards achieving high and sustained economic growth which are critically important prerequisites for triggering an exit from endemic poverty and socio-economic deprivation. These promotional arguments for the SMEs, while universally emphasized are often put forward by their ardent advocates in a small versus large context and thus arouse serious debates concerning their economic viability. Much of such controversies may, however breakdown if the intrinsic virtues specific to SMEs and unavailable to large-scale industries are correctly identified and carefully exploited. A combined interaction of the forces of product-mix, locational...
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...Introduction In a country like Bangladesh, Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SME) plays a significant role in boosting up the overall health of the economy. Their contribution towards the economy includes generation of large scale employment, investment, improvement of indigenous skill and technology, promotion of exports and opportunities for entrepreneurship and innovativeness. Bangladesh has around 27,000 medium-sized enterprises and 150,000 small-sized enterprises (defined by the government of Bangladesh as registered enterprises). Different countries and organizations define SME’s in different way. The SMEs are defined on the basis of two criteria across the world: volume of turnover and number of person employed in a particular organization. Small firms cover a wide variety of firms ranging from the single proprietor business, independent business owners who employ a handful of workers. The central bank of Bangladesh defines any business having a “Net-Worth” of up-to Tk. 10 Million or number of employees between 10 to 50 persons as small and business having a “Net-Worth” between Tk. 10 to 100 Million, or employees between 50 to 100 persons as Medium enterprises (Ahmed at al, 2011) 1. The Government of Bangladesh has categorized SME into two broad classes: Manufacturing enterprise and Non Manufacturing activities. The International Consultancy Group (ICG) of the UK, in collaboration with the Micro Industries Development Assistance and Services (MIDAS), conducted in...
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...Report On Contribution of Banks on SME Sector in Bangladesh 1 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3 Table of contents No: Page: Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Background of the study 2 1.3 Problem statement 3 1.4 Objectives of the study 3 1.5 Scope of the study 4 Chapter Two Methodology 2.1 Data requirement 5 2.2 Study area 6 2.3 Sample size selection 6 2.4 Questionnaire development 7 2.5 Literature review 8 2.6 Small enterprise 10 2.7 Medium enterprise 10 2.8 SME financing by Banks in Bangladesh 11 Chapter Three Results 3.1 Contribution of SMEs in the economy 13 3.2 Current status of SME financing by Bangladesh Bank 14 4 3.3 Loan documents needed for SME financing by banks 14 3.4 About the sample banks 15 3.5 Portfolio size of different banks in SME sector 17 3.6 Target given by Bangladesh Bank 19 3.7 Survey analysis 24 3.8 Findings 27 Chapter Four 29 Limitation Chapter Five 30 Conclusions and recommendation Appended Parts Data collection instruments Details of entrepreneurs Bibliography List of Tables 3.1 Portfolio size of Different Banks in SME sector 17 3.2 Distribution of entrepreneurs whether or not they take bank loan 24 to operate their SME business. 3.3 Distribution of entrepreneurs...
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...Women Entrepreneurs in SMEs: Bangladesh Perspective Sponsored by: SME Foundation Conducted by: MIDAS November 2009 Table of Contents Acronyms List of Tables and Figures Executive Summary Chapter 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Chapter 2.0 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.6 3.0 4.0 4..1 4..2 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4.1 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.7.1 6.7.2 7.0 7.1 Introduction Statement of the problem Significance of the study Objective of the study Theoretical perspective of the study Scope of the study Limitations of the study Study Methodology Primary Research Location of the survey Sample Size Support Service Providers Methods of Data Collection Techniques of Data Collection Techniques of Data Analysis Secondary Research Focus Group Discussion (FGD) Key Informant Meeting (KIM) and Preparation of Case Studies Planning Workshops (PW) Planning Workshop Dialogues in the 6 Divisional HQs Discussions at Planning Workshops National Dissemination Seminar (NDS) Literature Review Entrepreneurship Concept of Entrepreneurship: A theoretical discussion Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh Women Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh History of Women Entrepreneurship Development in Bangladesh Women Entrepreneurs of Bangladesh Women Entrepreneurship in Urban Areas Women Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Definition of SME Theories of SME SMEs in Bangladesh Promotion of SMEs for Sustainable Development Access to Finance...
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...SME Financing in Bangladesh: Problems and Prospects SME Financing in Bangladesh: Problems and Prospects Prepared for Arafat Rahman Assistant Professor Institute of Business Administration Jahangirnagar University Prepared by Tanjila Sharmin 201301029 Md. Mourshed Uddin 201303006 Naim Ahmad 201403020 Sayeed Ishtiaque Ahmed 201403027 Md. Sazzad Hossain 201403034 Course Participant BUS 501: Managerial Communication (Section-02) WMBA Program Institute of Business Administration Jahangirnagar University December 20, 2014 Letter of authorization November 23, 2014 Course Participant BUS 501: Managerial Communication The purpose of this report is to familiarize you with the basic techniques and principles associated with writing a formal business report so that you can build and enhance this specific written communication skill. This formal report will be coordinated with a formal presentation session on the topic of the report. At a minimum, your report should include information related to the following issues: Introduction to the Industry/Sector/Area – What is the industry/sector/Area? What is the background of the industry/sector/Area in Bangladesh? Who are the major participants? You may show how the industry/sector/area is contributing to the economic development of the country. In this case, you must use industry-related data for the past three years (at least). In case of export-oriented industries...
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...The Cost-Efficiency of French Banks∗ Estelle Brack†and Ramona Jimborean‡ First Draft: September 2008 This Version: April 2009 Abstract The paper addresses the issue of French banks efficiency, compared to their homologous from Europe and the United States. The analysis is realized on a sample formed by the ten biggest banks from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, over the period 1994-2006. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method is employed. The results show an improvement in cost-efficiency of French and Spanish banks, while in the other countries a decline in cost-efficiency is noted. We proceed to several tests of convergence, showing that inefficient banks have reduced the gap during the period 1994-2006. In a second step analysis, we focus on the factors standing behind the efficiency scores obtained through DEA methodology. These are bank-specific variables, the macro environment, the regulatory regime and the non-bank financial sector development. We use a standard censured Tobit model and show that capitalized, newly established banks, with tighter ratios of Tier 1 capital and operating in a country with a lower GDP per capita record the highest cost-efficiency scores. JEL Classification: C14, C6, D24, G21, L25 Keywords: Cost-efficiency; Banking systems; Data envelopment analysis The authors gratefully acknowledge Serge Oppenchaim, C´line Choulet, Guillaume Guidoni and Julien e Geffroy for their contribution to this work. The views expressed...
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...2012), PP 18-29 www.iosrjournals.org Promoting Women’s Entrepreneurship through SME: Growth and Development in the context of Bangladesh Afiya Sultana * Lecturer, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Post Box- 1079, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Abstract: Women’s entrepreneurship is an inevitable part of country’s economic development process. The main objective of this study is to having an overview of women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh and growth situation through SME. The issue covered by this study are socio-demographic profile of women entrepreneur, types of women owned entrepreneur, regulatory procedures, training and capacity building and human resources development through women’s empowerment. The study also focused on role of SME to promoting women entrepreneurs. It also explores the social perspective of women entrepreneurs as well as the impact of these entrepreneurs on the economic development of Bangladesh. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods adapting with primary data collection process were applied to explore information from sample unit of women entrepreneur of Chittagong region in Bangladesh. A semi structured questionnaire survey was conducted to collect primary data. Data were analyzed using various statistical software including SPSS, MS Excel. The findings shows that women’s entrepreneurship of Bangladesh is growing at accelerate rate and their contribution to socio- economic development...
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...Introduction The Small and Medium scale Enterprise (SME) are recognized worldwide as engines of economic growth. The commonly perceived merits often emphasized for their promotion especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh include their relatively high labor intensity, dependence on indigenous skills and technology, contributions to entrepreneurship development and innovativeness and growth of industrial linkages. The case for fostering SME growth in Bangladesh is irrefutable as these industries offer bright prospects for creating large-scale employment and income earning opportunities at relatively low cost for the unemployed especially in the rural areas strengthening the efforts towards achieving high and sustained economic growth which are critically important prerequisites for triggering an exit from endemic poverty and socio-economic deprivation. These promotional arguments for the SMEs, while universally emphasized are often put forward by their ardent advocates in a small versus large context and thus arouse serious debates concerning their economic viability. Much of such controversies may, however breakdown if the intrinsic virtues specific to SMEs and unavailable to large-scale industries are correctly identified and carefully exploited. A combined interaction of the forces of product-mix, location factors, technological advantages and market advantages create opportunities for SMEs to grow and prosper at all levels of development which are often ignored...
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...also called small and medium enterprises (SMEs) or small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are businesses whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits. These are the most common businesses found across most of the world’s economies. The World Bank Review on Small Business Activities establishes the commitment of the World Bank Group to the development of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector as a core element in its strategy to foster economic growth, employment and poverty alleviation. In the context of Bangladesh, the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) can be considered as a vital instrument for poverty alleviation and ensure the rapid industrialization. So we can say that the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is indispensable for overall economic development of a country particularly for developing countries like Bangladesh. It has drawn a lot of interest among policy makers, academics, businessmen and people in general. Government of Bangladesh has highlighted the importance of SME in the Industrial Policy-2005. SMEs have been identified by the Ministry of Industries as a ‘thrust sector’. As the SME sector is labor intensive, it can create more employment opportunities. For this reason government of Bangladesh has recognized SME as a poverty alleviation tool. As a result they will enhance the standard of living in rural areas. SMEs (Around the world) : Although the definition of what an SME is varies across nations, the most widely used...
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...Financial support for MSME in Bangladesh The SMEs worldwide are recognized as the most effective vehicle for sustainable economic growth. In Bangladesh , a sustainable level of development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs ) is highly needed to reach the targets set by The United Nations (UN) in the millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to alleviate poverty . This urgency is reflected in the Government’s pro-poor policies, especially in the poverty reduction strategy paper (PRSP) . Small and Medium Enterprises in Bangladesh have recently been considered as an important vehicles of poverty reduction strategy. For the first time, the comprehensive Industrial Policy 2005 highlighted SME development as a flagship policy area for balanced and sustainable industrial development in Bangladesh. Availability of finance is thought to be a major constraint to formation and growth of SMEs in Bangladesh. Banks are reluctant to expand their SME credit portfolio because they do not consider SME lending an attractive and profitable undertaking. This is so because SMEs are regarded as high risk borrowers because of their low capitalization, insufficient assets and their inability to comply with collateral requirements of the banks. Administrative costs are also higher because close monitoring and supervision the SME operation becomes necessary. Despite all these facts banks and financial institutions have been providing finance to the SME sector and the volume of finance is showing...
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...Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in poverty alleviation and rapid industrialization of the developing countries like Bangladesh. In this paper we tried to appraise the Problems and Prospects of SMEs in Bangladesh. We observed from the research that non availability of adequate credit, complex loan granting procedure, inadequate infrastructure facilities, problems of collateral requirements, paucity of working capital, non availability of skilled work force, poor salary structure, lack of coordination among SME related organizations, lack of appropriate marketing strategies etc. are the major hindrances to the development of the SMEs in Bangladesh. In order to overcome the problems researchers have tried to provide some recommendations for the developments of SMEs in Bangladesh based on sound reasoning. Background of the Assignment Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) act as a vital player for the economic growth, poverty alleviation and rapid industrialization of the developing countries like Bangladesh. SMEs are significant in underlying country’s economic growth, employment generation and accelerated industrialization. Government of Bangladesh has highlighted the importance of SME in the Industrial Policy-2005. SMEs have been identified by the Ministry of Industries as a ‘Thrust sector’. As the SME sector is labor intensive, it can create more employment opportunities. For this reason government of Bangladesh has recognized SME as a poverty alleviation tool. SMEs also foster...
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...ENTERPRISES (SMES): EXPLORING NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FINANCING THE CASE OF BANGLADESH Submitted To Submitted By James Bakul Sarkar Md. Moniruzzaman Assistant Professor ID: 111091381 School of Business Bachelor of Business Administration Bachelor’s Degree Thesis in Business Administration ACRONYMS SMES SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES NBFI NON BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS. FFS FORMAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM IFS INFORMAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM FMF FEDERAL MINISTRY OF FINANCE CBN CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA NDIC NIGERIAN DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SEC SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NIC NATIONAL INSURANCE COMMISSION FMBN FEDERAL MORTGAGE BANK OF NIGERIA NDIC NIGERIA DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SEC SECURITY AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NAICOM NATIONAL INSURANCE COMMISSION ABSTRACT TITLE: FINANCING OPTIONS FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES): EXPLORING NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FINANCING. AUTHOR: Md. Moniruzzaman SUPERVISOR: James Bakul Sarkar DEPARTMENT: School of Business, United International University COURSE: Bachelor’s Thesis in Business Administration. BACKGROUND AND PROBLEM DISCUSSION: Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are...
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