...SME Financing in the United Arab Emirates www.khalifafund.ae SME Financing in the United Arab Emirates Executive Summary 1. Introduction & Context 1.1 Background to the Study 1.2 Objectives of this Work 1.3 Consultations 1.4 Limitations 2.1 Definition of ‘SME’ 2.1.1 EU Definition of SME 2.1.2 World Bank Definition of SME 2.1.3 Criteria Used by Banks to Define SMEs 2.1.4 UAE Definitions of SME 2.2 Current overview of SME prevalence in Abu Dhabi/UAE 3.1 Scale of SME Finance in the UAE 3.2 Supply of Finance by Type 3.3 Sources of Finance 3.4 Stakeholder Mapping 3.5 SME Access to Finance Process 3.6 KPIs / metrics and baseline data 4.1 Key Findings – Supply Side 4.2 Key Findings – Demand Side 5.1 International Research Findings on Key Obstacles to Improving SME Access to Finance 5.2 Critical Success Factors to Improving Access to Finance for SMEs 6.1 Leading Practice SME Ecosystems: Singapore and the United Kingdom 6.2 Key Lessons Learned for the UAE 6.3 Detailed Review of Leading Practice and Regional Comparator Ecosystems 6.3.1 Singapore 6.3.2 United Kingdom 6.3.3 Jordan 6.3.4 Qatar 7.1 The core issues 7.2 n overview of the opportunities for KF and other (public and private) entities to A support SME access to finance in Abu Dhabi / UAE 7.2.1 Legal and Regulatory Transparency 7.2.2 Access to information 7.2.3 Capacity Building 7.2.4 Diversify SME Financing Mechanisms 7.3 Criteria 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9...
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...distribution SMEs are very crucial. In addition to developing countries SMEs are important to almost all economies in the world. In many countries, SMEs are the key actors in generating well-brought-up employment in most developing countries involves the expansion of this sector fast enough to absorb people previously unemployed (a few) or engaged in low productivity informal sector jobs and the majority of jobs are provided by SMEs, In low-income countries, especially where the informal sector is large, but it is still significant. The SME sector’s contribution to GDP also confirms its economic importance. In high-income countries,...
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...LITERATURE REVIEW ON SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES’ ACCESS TO CREDIT AND SUPPORT IN SOUTH AFRICA December, 2011 Literature Review on Small and Medium Enterprises’ Access to Credit and Support in South Africa Prepared for National Credit Regulator (NCR) Compiled by Underhill Corporate Solutions (UCS) Project Manager and Lead Researcher: Edmore Mahembe Contact Details: Edmore Mahembe 357 Flowers Street Capital Park, 0084 Cell: +27 (0)83 757 3733 Phone: +27 (0)12 751 3237 Fax: 086 540 7052/ 086 639 8976 E-mail: eddiem@underhillsolutions.co.za info@underhillsolutions.co.za Website: www.underhillsolutions.co.za Pretoria, South Africa December, 2011 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research team wishes to acknowledge the co-operation of the following organisations and individuals that helped attain the goals of the evaluation. 1. National Credit Regulator (NCR) for the opportunity afforded to Underhill Corporate Solutions (the research consultants) to conduct this study “Literature Review on Small and Medium Enterprises’ Access to Credit And Support in South Africa”. 2. Client project managers: Thandile Gubevu and Darrell Beghin, for facilitating the overall project exercise and the useful comments on the draft report that helped shape the format of the final report. 3. NCR board members; for useful and valuable comments on the draft report that helped in the development of detailed and well informed recommendations. 4. Finally, special appreciation to key research team members, namely;...
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...SME defined by SBP as an entity having less than 250 employees and Rs. 300 million revenues. SMEs account for a substantial part of the economy; there are about 3.2 million enterprises in Pakistan, of which about 3 million (93%) are SMEs. SMEs spread across the economy with varying density: see exhibit 1-A for the sector wise division of SME sector. According to a survey conducted by SMEDA, this sector contributes more than 30% to GDP and 25% to the country’s total export earnings, and employs close to 70% of the labor force in the manufacturing industry, services, and trade. Their share in manufacturing value addition is estimated to be around 35%. Small & medium businesses play a very critical role when economies are transiting from low to middle income levels yet Pakistan has paid less attention to the growth and development of this crucial pillar of economy. Our report mainly focuses on the financial constraint to growth of this sector. Capital requirements: According to SMEDA there’re 800,000 SMEs in Pakistan that are eligible for bank loans. Another 2.4 million potential businesses that can’t qualify for bank loans mainly rely on other sources of finance for their business needs. Approximately 89% of working capital and 75% of fixed investments are financed from retained earnings. (See exhibit 1-B) Remaining financing needs are fulfilled from external sources which include family and friends, bank loans and other small sources as depicted in exhibit 2-A. Despite the...
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...ENTERPRISES (SMES): EXPLORING NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FINANCING THE CASE OF BANGLADESH Submitted To Submitted By James Bakul Sarkar Md. Moniruzzaman Assistant Professor ID: 111091381 School of Business Bachelor of Business Administration Bachelor’s Degree Thesis in Business Administration ACRONYMS SMES SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES NBFI NON BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS. FFS FORMAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM IFS INFORMAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM FMF FEDERAL MINISTRY OF FINANCE CBN CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA NDIC NIGERIAN DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SEC SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NIC NATIONAL INSURANCE COMMISSION FMBN FEDERAL MORTGAGE BANK OF NIGERIA NDIC NIGERIA DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SEC SECURITY AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NAICOM NATIONAL INSURANCE COMMISSION ABSTRACT TITLE: FINANCING OPTIONS FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES): EXPLORING NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FINANCING. AUTHOR: Md. Moniruzzaman SUPERVISOR: James Bakul Sarkar DEPARTMENT: School of Business, United International University COURSE: Bachelor’s Thesis in Business Administration. BACKGROUND AND PROBLEM DISCUSSION: Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are...
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...for MSME in Bangladesh The SMEs worldwide are recognized as the most effective vehicle for sustainable economic growth. In Bangladesh , a sustainable level of development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs ) is highly needed to reach the targets set by The United Nations (UN) in the millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to alleviate poverty . This urgency is reflected in the Government’s pro-poor policies, especially in the poverty reduction strategy paper (PRSP) . Small and Medium Enterprises in Bangladesh have recently been considered as an important vehicles of poverty reduction strategy. For the first time, the comprehensive Industrial Policy 2005 highlighted SME development as a flagship policy area for balanced and sustainable industrial development in Bangladesh. Availability of finance is thought to be a major constraint to formation and growth of SMEs in Bangladesh. Banks are reluctant to expand their SME credit portfolio because they do not consider SME lending an attractive and profitable undertaking. This is so because SMEs are regarded as high risk borrowers because of their low capitalization, insufficient assets and their inability to comply with collateral requirements of the banks. Administrative costs are also higher because close monitoring and supervision the SME operation becomes necessary. Despite all these facts banks and financial institutions have been providing finance to the SME sector and the volume of finance is showing an increasing trend...
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...identified the need for the development of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). One of such sectoral strategies is the introduction and pursuit of policies such as concessionary financing to encourage and strengthen the growth of SMEs in Nigeria. In this paper, a random sample of 10 formal/ informal finance sources and 20 SMEs in 6 selected Small and Medium industries in Kaduna and Abuja have been studied. We found that financing options for SMEs are numerous but access to these funds has been difficult inspite of several government initiatives. We also found that the Small and Medium Industries Equity Investments Scheme (SMIEIS) fund lacks standard guideline for fund disbursement, the unregulated informal finance institutions finance the SMEs much more than the formal sources and the informal sources make up more than half of the SMEs’ mix of funds. It is recommended that the informal source of financing is a potentially important source of micro financing. Savings in them should be further encouraged through regulation, government intervention by way of active participation of community and development banks in local business associations. SMEs should consider all financing options that maximize the value of the business enterprise. 1.1 INTRODUCTION The significant role Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) play in economic development process has been well documented. Studies have been conducted on SME management, business planning and to some extent on venture creation...
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...Technology (JKUAT), Kenya, Department of Economics and Commerce, School of Human Resource Development 2 Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya, Department of Economics and Commerce, School of Human Resource Development loans to finance their business operations. The fundamental objective of this study was to assess the effects of Micro financing on growth of small and micro enterprises in Mombasa County. Despite access to credit SMEs growth remains a major problem. Access to credit should enable a business to achieve their growth objective. Despite this it is interesting to note that most of the SMEs could not survive third year of incubation period. Descriptive Survey method was employed in this study. The study adopted stratified and systematic random sampling method. The sample size was 157 SMEs. Semi-structured questionnaire was designed to facilitate the acquisition of data. Data was collected from 102 respondents, a response rate of sixty five percent. Sales, income and competitiveness were used as the independent variable while growth of SMEs as dependant variable. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data. Results indicated that microfinance has positive effects on growth of SMEs. Majority of the owners indicated that microfinance has enabled them to expand businesses, build their business assets. Also ability of the business to complete was enhanced. Abstract: Majority of small and micro enterprises in Kenya are mostly out of scope...
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...EFFECTS OF MICROFINANCE CREDIT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTEPRISES IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO CUEA, GABA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELORS DEGREE EFFECTS OF MICRO FINANCE CREDIT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRISE IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA BY KIBET K DENNIS BCOM/GC/543/11/12 RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO CUEA, GABA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELORS DEGREE DECLARATION Declaration by the Student I, the undersigned, declare that this project is my original work and that it has not been presented in any other university or institution for academic credit. KIBET K DENNIS BCOM/ GC/543/11/12 Signature.................................................... Date.................................... Declaration by the Supervisors This research project has been submitted for examination with our approval as university supervisors. Dr. Gedion Omwono Catholic University of Eastern Africa, GABA Campus Signature.................................................... Date.................................... ABSTRACT This study discusses...
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...Access to Credit for SMEs: A study on Chitwan Based Enterprises Kapil Deb Subedi, HOD, Department of Management Saptagandaki Multiple Campus, TU Abstract Access to credit is crucial for the growth and survival of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Thus policy makers attempt to pursue financial sector policies to propel financial intermediaries to extend more credit to SMEs. Access to credit still remains a challenge to SMEs especially those in developing economies and continues to dominate discussions both within business circles and policy makers. In Nepal, for instance, a survey by Ferrari et al (2006) entitled to “Access to financial services in Nepal” indicated that lack of adequate access to credit topped factors hampering the growth of small businesses in Nepal. The general objective of this study is to explore the situation of access to finance of SMEs for their innovation and entrepreneurship. It also examines the firm specific attributes of access to bank credit in Nepal by focusing on SMEs in the Chitwan District. The study employed the quantitative approach to research in which the convenience sampling criteria was employed to select seventy-two small firms from the Bharatpur Municipality of Chitwan district. The major findings for the study indicated that there exist significantly, positive relations between certain attributes of a firm and access to credits. There are also, some firm specific attributes such as industry sector, size, collateral...
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...SME access to capital markets funding 1. Why are we specifically focusing on SMEs? In July the FESE President met with Commissioner Barnier where it became clear that the Commissioner puts a strong political emphasis on SME finance. Commissioner Barnier confirmed during that meeting that he would like FESE to propose some concrete recommendations on how to improve SMEs’ access to capital markets. This information would be considered for their joint ‘action plan’ related to SMEs which DG Internal Market and DG Enterprise are currently working on and which will be finalised by end‐November. The Commissioner invited FESE to present these ideas during the meeting that was arranged for October, during this meeting the Commissioner advised that our recommendations (outlined below) included a request for financial support from the European Commission but he did not know what Exchanges have and are doing to support SMEs, it was therefore agreed that this would be the subject of our lunch with him on 21st November 2. Brief outline of FESE recommendations INCENTIVES • Positive tax incentives are needed. If Europe wants more investors to look at SMEs, incentives are needed, and tax incentives are among the most effective. • FESE urged the Commission to study this issue carefully as we believe that incentives on taxation for the smaller and most dynamic companies will be a key instrument. PUBLIC FUNDING: ...
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...something on the responsibility of large firms. In “The Theory of Economic Development” Schumpeter (1934) emphasizes the role of entrepreneur, as a prime cause of economic development, which is development achieved through innovation. Taking this into consideration if the entrepreneur has an important role for development, then this role is achieved through the “institution” that he/she represents. SME activities that would help to propel development and promote the wellbeing of the citizenry most governments are now playing various facilitation roles in collaboration with NGOs and other stakeholders to enable the private sector provide diverse goods and services, including job creation for the people. Many developing countries have shifted their strategic economic focus to embrace the development of an entrepreneural middle-class with the private sector as the engine for attaining sustained economic growth. In Ghana, the private sector is also considered as the engine of growth of the economy and mostly of micro, small and medium size enterprises, generally called the SMEs. The SMEs Sector in Ghana is estimated to be made up of 70% of all industrial establishments. They contribute about 22% to GDP and account for about 92% of...
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...companies (SMEs) play an important role in most countries over the world. It has been a vital policy issue for governments to deal with these companies to increase development of economy. The financial difficulties faced by SMEs have restricted SMEs’ survival and development. SMEs exist a series of financial problems. This article focus on how to obtain effective financial source and dealing with the difficulties in raising finance for Chinese SMEs. Key words: Small and medium-sized Companies (SMEs); Financing. Introduction SMEs are the necessary power for economy growth. As Beck and Demirguc-Kunt (2005, p2932) said that there was robust partial connection between the importance of SMEs in manufacturing and economic development. According to Ayyagari (2007), formal SMEs contribute to 50% of GDP on average in developing countries and World Bank views SMEs as a core element in developing economy and employment. In China, the number of registered SMEs exceeds 40 million, accounting for more than 99 per cent of enterprises. As a private sector, SME has become a driving force since the economy began to recover in 1978 (Fan, 2007). And it makes up more than 70 percept of the GDP. According to Brookfield, SMEs can be regarded as unquoted small businesses and a medium for self-employment of the owners that are organized by few individuals, typically a family group and act as a medium for self-employment of the owners. In China, the government gives a definition about SMEs in the SME Promotion...
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...other hand, the State will be a producer of public goods, play a regulatory role to level the playing field and create conducive environment for the private sector to take the lead in driving economic growth. This philosophy is evident in almost all policy statements made since 1986 and in particular after 1996. The private sector has started playing an ever- increasing role in creating incomes and employment. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) account for a large share of the enterprises active in Tanzania. In fact Small and Medium Enterprises are the emerging private sector and do form the base for private sector-led growth. 3. SMEs, important as they are to the economy, have been facing a number of problems despite the on-going reform programmes. This is due to a number of factors, one of which is a persistent culture that has not recognised the value of entrepreneurial initiative in improving the lives of the people. Other factors include complex, bureaucratic and costly legal, regulatory and administrative environment where SMEs are at a greater disadvantage than their counterparts that are larger in size. The high cost of compliance to...
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...Guide on Access to Finance GUIDE ON ACCESS TO FINANCE Financial services and tools available in Egypt supported by the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) Sponsors PANTONE 202 U C:0 PANTONE 188 C M :100 Y : 65 K : 47 C:0 M : 79 Y : 65 K : 47 PANTONE Cool Gray 10 U PANTONE Cool Gray 10 C C:0 C:0 M:0 Y:0 K : 72 M:0 Y:0 K : 72 Guide on Access to Finance ! The Egyptian Junior Business Association (EJB) is a nongovernmental organization, established in 1999 and formally registered in 2000 with a vision to become the “association of first choice among Egyptian Junior Business people who are committed to the development of a culture of Excellence, Ethics and Public Service” and a mission to “Provide a platform for dynamic business people to affect a positive business environment through Business Development & Social Responsibility promoting a culture of excellence & business ethics.” The Center for International Private Enterprise is a non-profit affiliate of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and one of the four core institutes of the National Endowment for Democracy. CIPE has supported more than 1,000 local initiatives in over 100 developing countries, involving the private sector in policy advocacy and institutional reform, improving governance, and building understanding of market-based democratic systems. CIPE provides management assistance, practical experience, and financial...
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