...discuss the connections that are directly and indirectly made by people. Different situations such as, the passing of STDs, behavior while eating, smoking and drinking, and contagious suicide are examples have the ability to be both directly and indirectly connected. One harmless connection can cause a chain reaction, and before long many more people are involved. A connection between two people may seem insignificant; however, these connections cause others to experience similar situations. Connections in Sexual Relations Sexual relations are a form of connection. One person may have relations with one person, who has relations with another person, and so on. This type of connection is an indirect connection, meaning a couple’s friends’ friends’ friend can affect the original couple. STD’s are spread indirectly through a community. Supposing that couples follow the no-partner-swapping rule then theoretically, a person could contract an STD from another person through five connections. These different connections referred to as networks. These different networks can range anywhere from a high school setting, to an entire community. It is thought that the “core” of the network is made up of the sexually active individuals; relations between two people in the core continue to sustain the epidemic. The outer portion of the network, or the periphery, consists of the less sexually active people (Christakis and Fowler, 2009, p.102). Through connections between people and sexual...
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...Analysis Deborah Fleming Grand Canyon University: HCA 515 July 11, 2014 Health Care Models Analysis There are many different health care models that have been proposed throughout the decades. Some models have been successful and many have failed. There are still a few that are being examined today. This paper will explain a hypothetical medical case that is often seen in hospitals. Four different models will demonstrate how this case and patient could benefit if this model was in play. Hypothetical Case: A 67 year old man presents to the ER with a chronic cough and shortness of breath. He denies sputum production from the cough, but admits to a 20-pound weight loss over the past four months. He has a 30-year pack history of smoking and worked in a shipyard for 25 years. His mother died from lung cancer and his father died of heart disease. His medical history includes hypertension and diabetes type 2. He has no history of surgeries or cancers. After studies were completed he was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Medical Model: The medical model will define health as the absence of illness rather then the presence of health. This model uses clinical diagnosis and medical interventions to treat disease and to try to prevent disease with education of medical processes (Shi and Singh 2012). In the patient presented above, the first step would be to obtain a chest x-ray and further tests to concluded the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The next...
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...in the suburb of Philadelphia which I have spent most of my life there. I am a very active person who believe in health, I graduated AIU with an associate degree and now im trying to finish my bachelor in business and major in healthcare management. c. What I will be proposing to my company is the ban of smoking on the Teva campus which has multiple pluses for coworkers and the business. II. MAIN POINT healthier lifestyle A. To be a leader in the pharmaceutical company which helps people all around the world with our drugs that fight off diseases, we should also make an considerable stance on smoking which kill millions of people worldwide. B. So my proposal is that as one of our standard operation procedure we should adopt an no smoking on campus rule and should be immediately adopted in our employee handbook. C. Smoking is known to kill millions of individual every year it also known to attack the respiratory system causing infection and immune disease. D. It also causes weaker bones, damages heart function, lung function, eyesight and certainly cancer. E. As in active individual that known the side effects of smoking and second hand smoking I truly think the best thing for the individual and company is the ban it, because in essence you’ll have a heathier workforce and with the ban you have some thinking about going cold turkey knowing that for the next eight hours they are at work they wont be allowed to smoke. III. MAINPOINT Bonuses ...
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...Smoking Bans Name School Smoking Ban Smoking refers to the tasting or inhaling smoke from tobacco products after burning them. Smoking is a practice that is common among all races and ethnic groups from all over the world(Brannon & Feist, 2010). Often, the phenomenon is practiced as a ritual in other regions of the world. Recently, it has been established that many young people in their teens and early adulthood smoke in an increasing trend. The most common form of smoking is through cigarettes(Brannon & Feist, 2010). However, there are other forms which include the use of bidis, hookas, pipes and shisha (Brannon & Feist, 2010). Tobacco products contain a stimulating substance called nicotine, which when inhaled or tasted leads to adverse health and other related consequences. It has been found out that smoking is an addictive activity which is hard to contain. Smoking normal cigarettes can be a foundation for more dangerous substances that include smoking weed and inhaling cocaine. Health institutions have come up with the possible effects of smoking both to passive and active smokers. Breathing problems, socioeconomic effects as well as chronic diseases like cancers are some of the dangerous outcomes of smoking. Several alternatives have been established to deal with the problem (Hyde & Setaro, 2006). Designation of smoking zones is one of the options that most nations globally have embraced with the aim of bringing down the negative...
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...the Department of Health (2012) which states a variety of policy areas of concern, these include immunisations, alcohol, drug users, sexual health, pregnancy, smoking, alcohol and a child’s health (DOH, 2012). The health issue chosen for this assignment will be smoking in pregnancy and the implications smoking can have with regards to health issues and the problems faced globally, nationally and within a chosen demographical area. In order to clarify what is meant by the term ‘health’ an understanding must be achieved and although according to the World Health Organisation (1986) health being ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’. Although this is a highly thought of definition according to Macaulay & Herbert (2011) the (WHO, 1986) definition of health is no longer appropriate and should be changed towards ‘the ability to adapt and self-manage in the face of social, physical, and emotional challenges’ (Macaulay & Herbert, 2011). This effectively could make sense as the department of health are continually promoting, encouraging and helping to self-manage smokers who want to give up in forms of support groups and services supporting these decisions (DOH, 2012). However, (WHO, 1986) see the proposed definition of health as unrealistic as social determinants may prevent the ability...
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...originally runs a biri manufacturing unit and a marketing enterprise from 2 decades. NIRDOSH is a unique non tobacco smoking stick which is used as substitute for normal cigarette but having no harmful characteristics of smoking rather providing additional health benefits. The production was carried out with 30-40 labour workforces manually by hands. NIRDOSH got health certification from medical bodies claiming numerous health benefits. The brand tag line was to curb the habit of smoking by simply smoking a different cigarette. NIRDOSH was sold in one main outlet in Ahmadabad and through VPP. Free samples of product were distributed and door to door selling was done to make awareness about NIRDOSH. The annual average sales were 1.4 lakhs per annum. A packet consisting 10 sticks was Rs2.5 subsequently increased to Rs5 per packet. The major constraints were the financial sources for the company which were tried to generate by contacting friends, government and local leaders. The attempts were made to get orders from outside countries to boost the sales of NIRDOSH. SITUATION ANALYSIS The business scenario for NIRDOSH can be analyzed by using the SWOT analysis tool in this case. Strength – It is an innovative product with proven health benefits, so at present there is no competitor in the market. Having medical benefits and generating awareness about anti smoking. The educational part associated with NIRDOSH will cover free publicities in media through newspaper, magazines and...
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...Smoking is a prevalent behavior all around world, and it brings about a series of risk consequences about health. According to WHO( 2009), more than 5 million people die from diseases related to tobacco use worldwide each year, and it is expected to grow. Even just the number of those who died from second hand tobacco smoke has increased up to 600,000 each year (WHO, 2009). In Australia, smoking is considered to be the key risk factor for the three diseases that cause most deaths: heart disease, stroke and lung cancer (Health Insite, 2010). It is responsible for around 80% of all lung cancer deaths and 20% of all cancer deaths, and additionally, smoking has also been linked to cancers of the mouth, bladder, kidney, stomach and cervix, among others. Smokers are also at increased risk of having reduced lung function from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(Health Insite, 2010). Using tobacco has been linked to a variety of other conditions, such as diabetes, peptic ulcers, some vision problems, and back pain. Smoking in pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth or premature birth (Health Insite, 2010). Meanwhile, the impact of smoking on children who are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke includes a greater risk for respiratory illness, higher rates of respiratory tract infections, and sudden infant death syndrome (Dossey & Keegan, 2009). Moreover, smoking is a hard habit to get rid of, because tobacco contains nicotine which is highly addictive. Therefore, success in...
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...defined the process of the migration of people from rural to urban areas and the social, cultural, and behavioral impacts, for example Mumbai, Delhi, and Rio de Janeiro. On the other hand, suburbanization is the migration of people from the city to the suburb areas or rural regions to the suburbs. It entails the surrounding the cities using single developing housing for instance Phoenix and Los Angeles. Suburbanization has been facilitated by the expansion of transport networks and the increased ownership of cars which have allows people to commute to and from work. Furthermore, the population of a particular area increases proportionally with factors that affect urbanization. There is a push and pull relationship between the two elements. There are numerous factors which affect the levels of urbanization: education, unemployment rates, access to health, availability of resources, and recreational development. Finally, the consequences of urbanization include increased crime rate, loss of identity, traffic congestion, pollution, poverty, rapid spread of disease, loss of biodiversity, and urban sprawl. Reasons for Sub-urbanization in the United States After the World War Two there was a vast movement of people into the new suburbs. The rapid expansion of the suburbs was necessitated by various historical forces, such as the mass demilitarization after the War, subsequently the “baby boom”, social bequest of the Depression, increased government participation in housing and development...
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...Task A 1. Ban smoking is something we all are familiar of. Mostly we have seen it in trains, busses etc. where there is a sign/sticker of a cigarette that has a line across it, meaning, “ smoking is not allowed”. The text “Benefits of smoke ban will be felt at once”, by The Observer of British newspaper Robin Mckie, involves different scientific studies of ban smoking and the effects of it. An international journal of science can conclude that there are improvements in the population of England after the ban smoking has taken place. One of the effects of ban smoking is that, it has become illegal to smoke in all enclosed public places, workplaces and owners/ managers of pubs, clubs and cafés fines up to 2500 pound if they allow customers to smoke their premises. The Europeans Commission has found that UK has the highest percentage of Europeans trying to quit smoking and 46 per cent are trying to stop and even more say they want to give it up. A UK epidemiologist Sir Richard Peto thinks that there are good news and bad news of smoking. The bad news is that non- smokers who breathe in second- hand smoke face a increased risk of getting lung cancer or heart disease. He also says that no matter how much ban smoking is taking place, that there will still be smokers and a lot of early deaths in the coming years. The good news of smoking which Sir Richard Peto points out that the situation of smoking is better than it use to be. Text two “Is this the end of English literature...
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...Ethics and Social Responsibilities Randall Blow PHL/320 July 14, 2016 Lela Dennis Ethics and Social Responsibility Responsibility is an act whereby an individual or organization is accountable for an action done. An individual or organization ethical responsibility is to act, recognize and interpret on certain values and principles according to given standard that exist in a locality or context (Treviño, et al., 2014). What type of behavior do ethics determine that is acceptable in a given context? What is good and what is wrong doing this process. While social responsibility is acting with an ethical framework whereby an individual or organization is required to act for the benefit of the society has a whole (Suciu & Fisher, 2014). Social responsibility requires a company or team to maximize its profits and earning while minimizing its negative impacts on society that operates it. Although individuals use these terms interchangeably there exist some difference in their meaning and how we use them in other ways. Whether the business decisions are right or wrong when it comes to ethics, but social responsibility is a broader term that relates to activities within a business or enterprise and their impact on the world and society. Social responsibility and ethics concerns have been confined to regulations, policy and the law that which encourages companies to conform to people’s attitudes, values and standard. When business conflicts, actions or decision...
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...Plan Place Action Plan Promotion Action Plan Monitoring Procedures Introduction Company G is an organization dedicated to assisting men in the navigation of contemporary society in a dignified manner while eschewing conformity to societal norms. The Self-Lighting Pipe is conducive to enhancing the portability and efficiency of pipe smoking by eliminating the requirement of providing an external heat source to light one’s tobacco. Mission Statement “We offer tools to aid navigation of life in a fashion befitting a distinguished man.” Product Description and Classification The Self-Lighting Pipe is a revolutionary product in the tobacco pipe industry. Our patented design features a traditional briar tobacco pipe with the enhancement of a self-contained power source and enclosed heating element for the ignition of the tobacco. The battery is rechargeable and can efficiently be replaced with a fully charged unit while the dead battery is charged. The heating element is recessed around the rim of the pipe and insulated to ensure an even lighting of the tobacco as well as to prevent damage to the wood of the pipe. Smoking a pipe is a time honored tradition...
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...Cigarette Taxes: Do They Have An Effect On Reducing The Demand For Them? By Lenora Walker Virginia College June 02, 2014 Cigarette Taxes: Do They Have an Effect on Reducing the Demand for Them? Cigarette taxes may stop some from smoking but in the long run people will find a way to keep smoking. There are some that are quitting for health reasons. In 2005 there was a decline between 1.5 percent and 2.5 percent. If cigarette taxes are earmarked then it can cause problems in funding education, health services, or other programs that will most likely grow over time. Policymakers and advocates should consider if a cigarette tax increase is necessary. In 2009 President Obama asked for a budget request to increase cigarette taxes from $1.01 per pack to $1.95 per pack. In 2015 the Federal tobacco tax would be indexed for inflation. Researchers have found that by increasing the real cigarette price by 10 percent would reduce the number of young-adults smokers by 3.5 percent and the number of kids by 6 or 7 percent. The calls to the national quit line have increased by 30% in the past 12 months after they compared it in the 12 months before. Increasing the cigarette taxes has had an effect on non-smokers by reducing the second hand exposure. Studies have showed that people of the low socioeconomics look at price more than the general population. With a regressive tax the poor is the one who pays the higher percentage through their income taxes. The economic analysis has determined...
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...One of my habits is smoking, and I developed this habit due to influence from my peer many years ago. The role models for the smoking habit were some of my friends who used to smoke cigarettes. When I joined a group of friends who used to smoke, I found myself smoking too, and it is now became a daily habit. They encouraged me and I started smoking slowly, but it became a habit. From the National Institute on Drug Abuse (2006), a habit is acquired behavior pattern being developed through constant repetition. Therefore, I kept smoking every day, and the smoking behavior became automatic. I now continue smoking because I am addicted to it. This is because smoking has caused some changes in my body and the way I act to them thus continuing to smoke. The changes in the ways I act have now developed over time, and these changes have become my smoking habit. For example, when I am stressed, I use cigarettes as an outlet for my frustrations. I am used to a smoking environment where my friends keep on smoking thus making me continue smoking. There has been a time I attempted to break this habit, to no avail. Kleinman and Messina-Kleinman (2000) argue that ignorance is one of the causes that contribute to persistent smoking. The government has tried to raise awareness on smoking, but the tobacco companies have increased advertisement of tobacco. Thus, it is difficult for people to break the habit of smoking. Moreover, tobacco has nicotine that makes one addicted thus making it hard for...
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...Adverse Effects of Social Media on the Youth We live in a quickly evolving world, in which people are more connected than ever before. Social media has become one of the defining themes of our generation, reaching all parts of the globe and influencing many aspects of life. It has provided a platform for individuals, businesses, and news outlets alike. Whether the rise of social media has brought about more harm than good, particularly amongst the youth, has become a hot topic of debate and discussion. Young people are some of the most active social media users, and likely the most vulnerable. Research has indicated that poor academic performance, sexual exploitation, and increased anxiety are often results of overexposure to social media. A study by the Kaiser family foundation found that today’s teens are spending more than seven and a half hours a day consuming some form of media (Ahuja 2013). Although we may not be surprised by hearing about heavy media exposure, over seven hours would amount to nearly half of our waking time. Social media alone accounts for over 3 of those hours, according to the Ipsos Open Thinking Exchange (Marketing Charts 2013). These numbers, which are consistent with many similar studies, mean that the current younger generation is the most electronically connected ever. These new trends require that we understand the benefits, as well as the drawbacks which may occur. Up until about a decade ago, time currently spent on social media may have...
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...Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Ontario Tobacco Research Unit November 2012 Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Suggested Citation: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit. Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report. Toronto: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Special Report, November 2012. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit ii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Acknowledgements Many people were involved in the preparation of this report. Key authors are Robert Schwartz, Shawn O’Connor, Alexey Babayan, Maritt Kirst, and Jolene Dubray. Marilyn Pope, David Ip, Pamela Kaufman, and Marian Smith provided editorial comments on an earlier draft and Sonja Johnston provided production assistance. The interpretation and opinions expressed in this report are the responsibility of the Principal Investigators of the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit (OTRU): Susan Bondy, University of Toronto K. Stephen Brown, University of Waterloo Joanna Cohen, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of Toronto Roberta Ferrence, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health John M. Garcia, University of Waterloo Paul McDonald, University of Waterloo Robert Schwartz, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Peter Selby, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Ontario Tobacco Research Unit iii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Table of Contents Acknowledgements...
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